fix: enforce single-instance using QLockFile (#117)

* fix: enforce single-instance using QLockFile

Uses Qt's cross-platform QLockFile to prevent multiple instances of
aw-qt from running simultaneously. When a second launch is attempted,
it logs a warning (including the PID of the existing instance) and
exits with code 1.

Testing mode gets its own lock file so it doesn't conflict with a
normal production instance.

Fixes ActivityWatch/activitywatch#1176

* fix(ci): unpack 4 values from getLockInfo() and fix macOS runner name

* ci: switch to macos-14 runner (macos-13 config deprecated)

Author: TimeToBuildBob

aw_qt/main.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 from time import sleep
 
 import click
+from PyQt6.QtCore import QLockFile
 from aw_core.log import setup_logging
 
 from .manager import Manager
@@ -17,6 +18,35 @@
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
+def _acquire_single_instance_lock(testing: bool) -> QLockFile:
+    """Ensure only one instance of aw-qt runs at a time.
+
+    Uses QLockFile for cross-platform single-instance enforcement.
+    The returned lock must be kept alive for the duration of the process.
+    Exits with code 1 if another instance is already running.
+    """
+    import aw_core.dirs
+
+    data_dir = aw_core.dirs.get_data_dir("aw-qt")
+    suffix = "-testing" if testing else ""
+    lock_path = os.path.join(data_dir, f"aw-qt{suffix}.lock")
+
+    lock = QLockFile(lock_path)
+    lock.setStaleLockTime(0)  # Only release when the process explicitly unlocks
+
+    if not lock.tryLock(100):
+        if lock.error() == QLockFile.LockError.LockFailedError:
+            _ok, pid, _hostname, _appname = lock.getLockInfo()
+            msg = f"Another instance of aw-qt is already running (PID {pid}). Exiting."
+        else:
+            msg = f"Failed to acquire instance lock ({lock.error()}). Exiting."
+        logger.warning(msg)
+        print(msg)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    return lock
+
+
 @click.command("aw-qt", help="A trayicon and service manager for ActivityWatch")
 @click.option(
     "--testing", is_flag=True, help="Run the trayicon and services in testing mode"
@@ -56,6 +86,9 @@ def main(
     if platform.system() == "Darwin":
         subprocess.call("syslog -s 'aw-qt successfully started logging'", shell=True)
 
+    # Prevent multiple instances from running simultaneously
+    _lock = _acquire_single_instance_lock(testing)  # noqa: F841 (must stay alive)
+
     # Create a process group, become its leader
     # TODO: This shouldn't go here
     if sys.platform != "win32":