refactor rule.ts to improve documentation and type organization

- Removed section separator comments in favor of inline JSDoc comments
- Added JSDoc descriptions for all schemas, types, and helper functions
- Moved type exports next to their corresponding schemas for better organization
- Changed all type definitions to use InferOutput instead of InferInput for consistency
- Extracted linterRuleMetaBaseSchema to share common fields between runtime and serializable schemas
- Changed LinterRule from

Author: scripthunter7