feat(ci): adds automated Rust code quality CI workflow

Introduces a CI workflow to enforce Rust code formatting, linting,
testing, and documentation checks on relevant branches and pull
requests. Ensures higher code quality and consistency by automating
these checks in the development process.

Author: AkinoKaede

.github/workflows/code-quality.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+name: Code Quality
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - master
+      - dev*
+      - feat*
+      - fix*
+      - chore*
+      - test*
+    paths:
+      - "**/*.rs"
+      - "**/Cargo.toml"
+      - "Cargo.lock"
+      - ".github/workflows/code-quality.yml"
+  pull_request:
+    types: [ opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review ]
+    paths:
+      - "**/*.rs"
+      - "**/Cargo.toml"
+      - "Cargo.lock"
+      - ".github/workflows/code-quality.yml"
+
+env:
+  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
+
+jobs:
+  check:
+    name: Code Quality Checks
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Install Rust toolchain
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+        with:
+          components: clippy, rustfmt
+
+      - name: Cache Cargo dependencies
+        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ~/.cargo/registry/index
+            ~/.cargo/registry/cache
+            ~/.cargo/git/db
+            target
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-cargo-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-cargo-
+
+      - name: Check code formatting
+        run: cargo fmt --all -- --check
+
+      - name: Run Clippy
+        run: cargo clippy --all-targets --all-features -- -D warnings
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: cargo test --all-features
+
+      - name: Check documentation
+        run: cargo doc --all-features --no-deps --document-private-items
+        env:
+          RUSTDOCFLAGS: -D warnings