arm64: mm: Fix TLBI vs ASID rollover

When switching to an 'mm_struct' for the first time following an ASID
rollover, a new ASID may be allocated and assigned to 'mm->context.id'.
This reassignment can happen concurrently with other operations on the
mm, such as unmapping pages and subsequently issuing TLB invalidation.

Consequently, we need to ensure that (a) accesses to 'mm->context.id'
are atomic and (b) all page-table updates made prior to a TLBI using the
old ASID are guaranteed to be visible to CPUs running with the new ASID.

This was found by inspection after reviewing the VMID changes from
Shameer but it looks like a real (yet hard to hit) bug.

Cc: <[email protected]>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <[email protected]>
Cc: Jade Alglave <[email protected]>
Cc: Shameer Kolothum <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <[email protected]>

Author: willdeacon

arch/arm64/include/asm/mmu.h

@@ -27,11 +27,32 @@ typedef struct {
 } mm_context_t;
 
 /*
- * This macro is only used by the TLBI and low-level switch_mm() code,
- * neither of which can race with an ASID change. We therefore don't
- * need to reload the counter using atomic64_read().
+ * We use atomic64_read() here because the ASID for an 'mm_struct' can
+ * be reallocated when scheduling one of its threads following a
+ * rollover event (see new_context() and flush_context()). In this case,
+ * a concurrent TLBI (e.g. via try_to_unmap_one() and ptep_clear_flush())
+ * may use a stale ASID. This is fine in principle as the new ASID is
+ * guaranteed to be clean in the TLB, but the TLBI routines have to take
+ * care to handle the following race:
+ *
+ *    CPU 0                    CPU 1                          CPU 2
+ *
+ *    // ptep_clear_flush(mm)
+ *    xchg_relaxed(pte, 0)
+ *    DSB ISHST
+ *    old = ASID(mm)
+ *         |                                                  <rollover>
+ *         |                   new = new_context(mm)
+ *         \-----------------> atomic_set(mm->context.id, new)
+ *                             cpu_switch_mm(mm)
+ *                             // Hardware walk of pte using new ASID
+ *    TLBI(old)
+ *
+ * In this scenario, the barrier on CPU 0 and the dependency on CPU 1
+ * ensure that the page-table walker on CPU 1 *must* see the invalid PTE
+ * written by CPU 0.
  */
-#define ASID(mm)	((mm)->context.id.counter & 0xffff)
+#define ASID(mm)	(atomic64_read(&(mm)->context.id) & 0xffff)
 
 static inline bool arm64_kernel_unmapped_at_el0(void)
 {

arch/arm64/include/asm/tlbflush.h

@@ -245,9 +245,10 @@ static inline void flush_tlb_all(void)
 
 static inline void flush_tlb_mm(struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
-	unsigned long asid = __TLBI_VADDR(0, ASID(mm));
+	unsigned long asid;
 
 	dsb(ishst);
+	asid = __TLBI_VADDR(0, ASID(mm));
 	__tlbi(aside1is, asid);
 	__tlbi_user(aside1is, asid);
 	dsb(ish);
@@ -256,9 +257,10 @@ static inline void flush_tlb_mm(struct mm_struct *mm)
 static inline void flush_tlb_page_nosync(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 					 unsigned long uaddr)
 {
-	unsigned long addr = __TLBI_VADDR(uaddr, ASID(vma->vm_mm));
+	unsigned long addr;
 
 	dsb(ishst);
+	addr = __TLBI_VADDR(uaddr, ASID(vma->vm_mm));
 	__tlbi(vale1is, addr);
 	__tlbi_user(vale1is, addr);
 }
@@ -283,9 +285,7 @@ static inline void __flush_tlb_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 {
 	int num = 0;
 	int scale = 0;
-	unsigned long asid = ASID(vma->vm_mm);
-	unsigned long addr;
-	unsigned long pages;
+	unsigned long asid, addr, pages;
 
 	start = round_down(start, stride);
 	end = round_up(end, stride);
@@ -305,6 +305,7 @@ static inline void __flush_tlb_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 	}
 
 	dsb(ishst);
+	asid = ASID(vma->vm_mm);
 
 	/*
 	 * When the CPU does not support TLB range operations, flush the TLB