[AArch64] Refactor and refine cost-model for partial reductions (llvm#158641)

This cost-model takes into account any type-legalisation that would
happen on vectors such as splitting and promotion. This results in wider
VFs being chosen for loops that can use partial reductions.

The cost-model now also assumes that when SVE is available, the SVE dot
instructions for i16 -> i64 dot products can be used for fixed-length
vectors. In practice this means that loops with non-scalable VFs are
vectorized using partial reductions where they wouldn't before, e.g.

```
  int64_t foo2(int8_t *src1, int8_t *src2, int N) {
    int64_t sum = 0;
    for (int i=0; i<N; ++i)
      sum += (int64_t)src1[i] * (int64_t)src2[i];
    return sum;
  }
```

These changes also fix an issue where previously a partial reduction
would be used for mixed sign/zero-extends (USDOT), even when +i8mm was
not available.

Author: sdesmalen-arm

llvm/lib/Target/AArch64/AArch64TargetTransformInfo.cpp

@@ -5632,75 +5632,94 @@ InstructionCost AArch64TTIImpl::getPartialReductionCost(
     TTI::PartialReductionExtendKind OpBExtend, std::optional<unsigned> BinOp,
     TTI::TargetCostKind CostKind) const {
   InstructionCost Invalid = InstructionCost::getInvalid();
-  InstructionCost Cost(TTI::TCC_Basic);
 
   if (CostKind != TTI::TCK_RecipThroughput)
     return Invalid;
 
-  // Sub opcodes currently only occur in chained cases.
-  // Independent partial reduction subtractions are still costed as an add
+  if (VF.isFixed() && !ST->isSVEorStreamingSVEAvailable() &&
+      (!ST->isNeonAvailable() || !ST->hasDotProd()))
+    return Invalid;
+
   if ((Opcode != Instruction::Add && Opcode != Instruction::Sub) ||
       OpAExtend == TTI::PR_None)
     return Invalid;
 
+  assert((BinOp || (OpBExtend == TTI::PR_None && !InputTypeB)) &&
+         (!BinOp || (OpBExtend != TTI::PR_None && InputTypeB)) &&
+         "Unexpected values for OpBExtend or InputTypeB");
+
   // We only support multiply binary operations for now, and for muls we
   // require the types being extended to be the same.
-  // NOTE: For muls AArch64 supports lowering mixed extensions to a usdot but
-  // only if the i8mm or sve/streaming features are available.
-  if (BinOp && (*BinOp != Instruction::Mul || InputTypeA != InputTypeB ||
-                OpBExtend == TTI::PR_None ||
-                (OpAExtend != OpBExtend && !ST->hasMatMulInt8() &&
-                 !ST->isSVEorStreamingSVEAvailable())))
+  if (BinOp && (*BinOp != Instruction::Mul || InputTypeA != InputTypeB))
     return Invalid;
-  assert((BinOp || (OpBExtend == TTI::PR_None && !InputTypeB)) &&
-         "Unexpected values for OpBExtend or InputTypeB");
 
-  EVT InputEVT = EVT::getEVT(InputTypeA);
-  EVT AccumEVT = EVT::getEVT(AccumType);
+  bool IsUSDot = OpBExtend != TTI::PR_None && OpAExtend != OpBExtend;
+  if (IsUSDot && !ST->hasMatMulInt8())
+    return Invalid;
+
+  unsigned Ratio =
+      AccumType->getScalarSizeInBits() / InputTypeA->getScalarSizeInBits();
+  if (VF.getKnownMinValue() <= Ratio)
+    return Invalid;
+
+  VectorType *InputVectorType = VectorType::get(InputTypeA, VF);
+  VectorType *AccumVectorType =
+      VectorType::get(AccumType, VF.divideCoefficientBy(Ratio));
+  // We don't yet support all kinds of legalization.
+  auto TA = TLI->getTypeAction(AccumVectorType->getContext(),
+                               EVT::getEVT(AccumVectorType));
+  switch (TA) {
+  default:
+    return Invalid;
+  case TargetLowering::TypeLegal:
+  case TargetLowering::TypePromoteInteger:
+  case TargetLowering::TypeSplitVector:
+    break;
+  }
+
+  // Check what kind of type-legalisation happens.
+  std::pair<InstructionCost, MVT> AccumLT =
+      getTypeLegalizationCost(AccumVectorType);
+  std::pair<InstructionCost, MVT> InputLT =
+      getTypeLegalizationCost(InputVectorType);
 
-  unsigned VFMinValue = VF.getKnownMinValue();
+  InstructionCost Cost = InputLT.first * TTI::TCC_Basic;
 
-  if (VF.isScalable()) {
-    if (!ST->isSVEorStreamingSVEAvailable())
-      return Invalid;
+  // Prefer using full types by costing half-full input types as more expensive.
+  if (TypeSize::isKnownLT(InputVectorType->getPrimitiveSizeInBits(),
+                          TypeSize::getScalable(128)))
+    // FIXME: This can be removed after the cost of the extends are folded into
+    // the dot-product expression in VPlan, after landing:
+    //  https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/147302
+    Cost *= 2;
 
-    // Don't accept a partial reduction if the scaled accumulator is vscale x 1,
-    // since we can't lower that type.
-    unsigned Scale =
-        AccumEVT.getScalarSizeInBits() / InputEVT.getScalarSizeInBits();
-    if (VFMinValue == Scale)
-      return Invalid;
+  if (ST->isSVEorStreamingSVEAvailable() && !IsUSDot) {
+    // i16 -> i64 is natively supported for udot/sdot
+    if (AccumLT.second.getScalarType() == MVT::i64 &&
+        InputLT.second.getScalarType() == MVT::i16)
+      return Cost;
+    // i8 -> i64 is supported with an extra level of extends
+    if (AccumLT.second.getScalarType() == MVT::i64 &&
+        InputLT.second.getScalarType() == MVT::i8)
+      // FIXME: This cost should probably be a little higher, e.g. Cost + 2
+      // because it requires two extra extends on the inputs. But if we'd change
+      // that now, a regular reduction would be cheaper because the costs of
+      // the extends in the IR are still counted. This can be fixed
+      // after https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/147302 has landed.
+      return Cost;
   }
-  if (VF.isFixed() &&
-      (!ST->isNeonAvailable() || !ST->hasDotProd() || AccumEVT == MVT::i64))
-    return Invalid;
 
-  if (InputEVT == MVT::i8) {
-    switch (VFMinValue) {
-    default:
-      return Invalid;
-    case 8:
-      if (AccumEVT == MVT::i32)
-        Cost *= 2;
-      else if (AccumEVT != MVT::i64)
-        return Invalid;
-      break;
-    case 16:
-      if (AccumEVT == MVT::i64)
-        Cost *= 2;
-      else if (AccumEVT != MVT::i32)
-        return Invalid;
-      break;
-    }
-  } else if (InputEVT == MVT::i16) {
-    // FIXME: Allow i32 accumulator but increase cost, as we would extend
-    //        it to i64.
-    if (VFMinValue != 8 || AccumEVT != MVT::i64)
-      return Invalid;
-  } else
-    return Invalid;
+  // i8 -> i32 is natively supported for udot/sdot/usdot, both for NEON and SVE.
+  if (ST->isSVEorStreamingSVEAvailable() ||
+      (AccumLT.second.isFixedLengthVector() && ST->isNeonAvailable() &&
+       ST->hasDotProd())) {
+    if (AccumLT.second.getScalarType() == MVT::i32 &&
+        InputLT.second.getScalarType() == MVT::i8)
+      return Cost;
+  }
 
-  return Cost;
+  // Add additional cost for the extends that would need to be inserted.
+  return Cost + 4;
 }
 
 InstructionCost

llvm/test/Transforms/LoopVectorize/AArch64/fully-unrolled-cost.ll

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ define i64 @test_two_ivs(ptr %a, ptr %b, i64 %start) #0 {
 ; CHECK-NEXT: Cost of 0 for VF 16: induction instruction   %i.iv = phi i64 [ 0, %entry ], [ %i.iv.next, %for.body ]
 ; CHECK-NEXT: Cost of 0 for VF 16: induction instruction   %j.iv = phi i64 [ %start, %entry ], [ %j.iv.next, %for.body ]
 ; CHECK-NEXT: Cost of 0 for VF 16: EMIT vp<{{.+}}> = CANONICAL-INDUCTION ir<0>, vp<%index.next>
-; CHECK: Cost for VF 16: 48
+; CHECK: Cost for VF 16: 41
 ; CHECK: LV: Selecting VF: 16
 entry:
   br label %for.body