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igouttaamilcarlucas
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Fix Image Rendering in 6.13 and better looking data in 10.1
Corrected showing images for the website in the section 6.13. Cool data show off in the section 10.1.
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TUNING_GUIDE_ArduCopter.md

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@@ -562,13 +562,13 @@ We used an oversized test stand to test the motors. Since the test stand was too
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- Mamba Systems F45_128k BLHeli32 4in1 ESC
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- HQProp "DUCT-76MMX8" propellers
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![motor_test_stand_with_drone_cropped|316x499](images/blog/motor_test_stand_with_drone_cropped.jpg)
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<img width="316" height="499" src="images/blog/motor_test_stand_with_drone_cropped.jpg" alt="motor_test_stand_with_drone_cropped" />
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We fixed and updated Cell G8 as well as the plot's Data range of the [original ArduPilot Wiki Spreadsheet](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1_75aZqiT_K1CdduhUe4-DjRgx3Alun4p8V2pt6vM5P8/edit#gid=0) creating [this corrected version](images/blog/ArduPilot_Motor_Thrust_Fit.ods)
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We imported the data into the spreadsheet and created this graph:
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![motor_thrust_chart|690x389](images/blog/motor_thrust_chart.PNG)
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<img width="690" height="389" src="images/blog/motor_thrust_chart.PNG" alt="motor_thrust_chart" />
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Repeat the steps from [Section 6.1.1](#611-use-ardupilot-methodic-configurator-to-edit-the-parameter-file-and-upload-it-to-the-flight-controller) to edit and upload the `15_motor.param` file
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@@ -1008,8 +1008,8 @@ and the side area looks like this:
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Divided by 1,000,000 to convert from mm² to m², the frontal area is 0.01097 m² and the side area is 0.01455 m².
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The weight of our drone is 560g, therefore the ballistic coefficients are
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- [EK3_DRAG_BCOEF_X](https://ardupilot.org/copter/docs/parameters.html#ek3-drag-bcoef-x) = 0.56 kg / 0.01097 m² = 51.0399
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- [EK3_DRAG_BCOEF_Y](https://ardupilot.org/copter/docs/parameters.html#ek3-drag-bcoef-y) = 0.56 kg / 0.01455 m² = 38.4798
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> [EK3_DRAG_BCOEF_X](https://ardupilot.org/copter/docs/parameters.html#ek3-drag-bcoef-x) = 0.56 kg / 0.01097 m² = 51.0399 <br>
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> [EK3_DRAG_BCOEF_Y](https://ardupilot.org/copter/docs/parameters.html#ek3-drag-bcoef-y) = 0.56 kg / 0.01455 m² = 38.4798 <br>
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Use *ArduPilot Methodic Configurator* to edit and upload the `40_windspeed_estimation.param` file to the FC.
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Get the current wind speed, that is the GPS speed when AccY reaches zero and the GPS speed has stabilized.
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In this case, it is:
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- windspeed = 2.35 [m/s]
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> windspeed = 2.35 [m/s]
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Next, get the groundspeed at the start of the test.
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That is the GPS speed when the vehicle starts to decelerate after the little bit of jitter is over.
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In this case, it is:
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- groundspeed = 3.9 [m/s]
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> groundspeed = 3.9 [m/s]
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With this information, you can calculate the vehicle's airspeed, which is:
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- airspeed = windspeed + groundspeed = 6.25 [m/s]
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> airspeed = windspeed + groundspeed = 6.25 [m/s]
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Next get the maximum acceleration during the test, which is the acceleration at the time of the groundspeed measurement.
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In this case, it is:
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- max_accel = 4.2 [m/s²]
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> max_accel = 4.2 [m/s²]
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With the air density at the time of testing and the previously calculated ballistic drag coefficient (`EK3_DRAG_BCOEF_X` for front and back, `EK3_DRAG_BCOEF_Y` for left and right side) you can now calculate the bluff body drag, which is 1/2 * air density * airspeed^2 / BCOEF.
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In this case, it is:
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- Bluff body drag = 0.5 * 1.260 [kg/m³] * (6.25 [m/s])² / 38.4798 [kg/m²] = 0.6395 [m/s²]
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> Bluff body drag = 0.5 * 1.260 [kg/m³] * (6.25 [m/s])² / 38.4798 [kg/m²] = 0.6395 [m/s²]
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With that, you can now calculate the momentum drag, which is max_accel - bluff body drag.
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In this case, it is:
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- Momentum drag = 4.2 [m/s²] - 0.6395 [m/s²] = 3.5605 [m/s²]
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> Momentum drag = 4.2 [m/s²] - 0.6395 [m/s²] = 3.5605 [m/s²]
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Now you can calculate the momentum drag coefficient `EK3_DRAG_MCOEF`, which is momentum drag / airspeed.
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In this case, it is:
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- [EK3_DRAG_MCOEF](https://ardupilot.org/copter/docs/parameters.html#ek3-drag-mcoef) = 3.5605 [m/s²] / 6.25 [m/s] = 0.5697 [1/s]
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> [EK3_DRAG_MCOEF](https://ardupilot.org/copter/docs/parameters.html#ek3-drag-mcoef) = 3.5605 [m/s²] / 6.25 [m/s] = 0.5697 [1/s]
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For better accuracy, you should do that for all directions and take the average. In our case, we got:
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- front: 0.4628 [1/s]
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- back: 0.4757 [1/s]
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- left: 0.5426 [1/s]
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- right: 0.5697 [1/s]
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- average: 0.5127 [1/s]
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> front: 0.4628 [1/s] <br>
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> back: 0.4757 [1/s] <br>
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> left: 0.5426 [1/s] <br>
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> right: 0.5697 [1/s] <br>
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> average: 0.5127 [1/s] <br>
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Note that these are quite high values due to the ducts around the props.
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For a normal copter with open propellers, it should be in the range of 0.1 to 0.2.

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