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Technical Review of Edge AI LP
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content/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/edge/_index.md

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minutes_to_complete: 90
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who_is_this_for: This learning path is for beginners in Edge AI and TinyML, including developers, engineers, hobbyists, AI/ML enthusiasts, and researchers working with embedded AI and IoT.
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who_is_this_for: This learning path is for beginners in Edge AI and TinyML, including developers, engineers, hobbyists, AI/ML enthusiasts, and researchers working with embedded AI and IoT.
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learning_objectives:
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- Understand Edge AI and TinyML basics.
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- Collect and preprocess audio data using Edge Impulse.
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- Train and deploy an audio classification model on Arduino Nano RP2040
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- Interface with LEDs to switch them on and off .
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- Understand Edge AI and TinyML basics.
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- Collect and preprocess audio data using Edge Impulse.
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- Train and deploy an audio classification model on Arduino Nano RP2040.
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- Interface with LEDs to switch them on and off.
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prerequisites:
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- Explore this [learning path](https://learn.arm.com/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/arduino-pico/) if you are an absolute beginner.
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- An [Edge Impulse](https://edgeimpulse.com/) Studio account.
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- The [Arduino IDE with the RP2040 board support package](https://learn.arm.com/install-guides/arduino-pico/) installed on your computer
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- An Arduino Nano RP2040 Connect [board](https://store.arduino.cc/products/arduino-nano-rp2040-connect-with-headers?_gl=1*9t4cti*_up*MQ..*_ga*NTA1NTQwNzgxLjE3NDYwMjIyODk.*_ga_NEXN8H46L5*MTc0NjAyMjI4Ny4xLjEuMTc0NjAyMjMxOC4wLjAuMjA3MjA2NTUzMA..).
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- An [Edge Impulse](https://edgeimpulse.com/) Studio account.
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- The [Arduino IDE with the RP2040 board support package](https://learn.arm.com/install-guides/arduino-pico/) installed on your computer
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- An Arduino Nano RP2040 Connect [board](https://store.arduino.cc/products/arduino-nano-rp2040-connect-with-headers?_gl=1*9t4cti*_up*MQ..*_ga*NTA1NTQwNzgxLjE3NDYwMjIyODk.*_ga_NEXN8H46L5*MTc0NjAyMjI4Ny4xLjEuMTc0NjAyMjMxOC4wLjAuMjA3MjA2NTUzMA..).
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further_reading:
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- resource:
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title: Edge Impulse website
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link: https://edgeimpulse.com/
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type: website
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author: Bright Edudzi Gershon Kordorwu
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### Tags
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skilllevels: Introductory
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subjects: ML
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armips:
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- Cortex-M
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tools_software_languages:
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- Edge Impulse
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- tinyML
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- Edge AI
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- Arduino
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operatingsystems:
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- Baremetal
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further_reading:
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- resource:
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title: TinyML Brings AI to Smallest Arm Devices
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title: TinyML Brings AI to Smallest Arm Devices
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link: https://newsroom.arm.com/blog/tinyml
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type: blog
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- resource:
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title: What is edge AI?
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title: What is edge AI?
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link: https://docs.edgeimpulse.com/nordic/concepts/edge-ai/what-is-edge-ai
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type: blog
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- resource:
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title: Edge Impulse for Beginners
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title: Edge Impulse for Beginners
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link: https://docs.edgeimpulse.com/docs/readme/for-beginners
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type: doc
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type: doc
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content/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/edge/connect-and-set-up-arduino.md

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### Arduino Nano RP2040
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To get started with your first **TinyML project**, a great option is the **Arduino Nano RP2040 Connect**. Built by Arduino, it uses the powerful **RP2040 microcontroller** and is fully supported by the Arduino core package. The board comes with built-in Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and an onboard IMU—features that make it ideal for deploying machine learning models at the edge.
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To get started with your first **TinyML project**, the **Arduino Nano RP2040 Connect** is a good option. Built by Arduino, it uses the **RP2040 microcontroller** and is fully supported by the Arduino core package. The board comes with built-in Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and an onboard IMU—features that is useful for deploying machine learning models at the edge.
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![example image alt-text#center](images/nano.png "Arduino Nano RP2040")
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Its compatibility with popular tools like Edge Impulse and the Arduino IDE makes it a beginner-friendly yet powerful choice for TinyML applications. You can learn more about the Arduino Nano RP2040 Connect on the [official Arduino website](https://store.arduino.cc/products/arduino-nano-rp2040-connect-with-headers?_gl=1*1laabar*_up*MQ..*_ga*MTk1Nzk5OTUwMS4xNzQ2NTc2NTI4*_ga_NEXN8H46L5*czE3NDY1NzY1MjUkbzEkZzEkdDE3NDY1NzY5NTkkajAkbDAkaDE1MDk0MDg0ODc.).
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Its compatibility with popular tools like Edge Impulse and the Arduino IDE makes it a suitable choice for TinyML applications. You can learn more about the Arduino Nano RP2040 Connect on the [official Arduino website](https://store.arduino.cc/products/arduino-nano-rp2040-connect-with-headers?_gl=1*1laabar*_up*MQ..*_ga*MTk1Nzk5OTUwMS4xNzQ2NTc2NTI4*_ga_NEXN8H46L5*czE3NDY1NzY1MjUkbzEkZzEkdDE3NDY1NzY5NTkkajAkbDAkaDE1MDk0MDg0ODc.).
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## Put everything together
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To program and deploy your trained model to the Arduino Nano RP2040, you first need to configure your development environment.
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Follow the detailed setup instructions provided in the following learning path:
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[Arduino Nano RP2040 Setup Guide](https://learn.arm.com/install-guides/arduino-pico/)
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Follow the detailed setup instructions provided in the [Arduino Nano RP2040 Install Guide](https://learn.arm.com/install-guides/arduino-pico/)
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This guide will walk you through:
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content/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/edge/overview.md

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title: Overview
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title: Overview
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### FIXED, DO NOT MODIFY
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layout: learningpathall
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This section introduces the related topics that make out the basis for this learning path. Review it before proceeding to the step-by-step tutorial.
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# Edge AI
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Edge AI refers to artificial intelligence models that run directly on edge devices, processing data locally rather than relying on cloud computing. These models are optimized for real-time decision-making on resource-constrained devices, such as microcontrollers, embedded systems, and IoT sensors.
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In industrial settings, predictive maintenance applications rely on IoT sensors to monitor vibrations and temperatures, helping prevent machinery failures. Smart agriculture systems use soil condition sensors to optimize irrigation and fertilization, while autonomous vehicles process sensor data for real-time navigation and obstacle detection.
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## Importance of Edge AI
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## The BLERP mnemonic
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To understand the benefits of **Edge AI**, just **BLERP**, BLERP highlights the critical aspects of deploying machine learning models on edge devices, focusing on **Bandwidth, Latency, Economics, Reliability, and Privacy**. These components are key to understanding the advantages of processing data on-device rather than relying on the cloud. The table below provides an overview of each component and its importance in Edge AI applications "Situnayake, 2023"
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To help remember the benefits of **Edge AI**, **BLERP** highlights the critical aspects of deploying machine learning models on edge devices. First used by Situnayake in 2023, the abbreviation expands to **Bandwidth, Latency, Economics, Reliability, and Privacy**. These components are key to understanding the advantages of processing data on-device rather than relying on the cloud. The table below provides an overview of each component and its importance in Edge AI applications.
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| Area | Description |
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To build effective TinyML and Edge AI projects, one needs more than just data—**both software and hardware** play a critical role in the development process. While data forms the foundation for training machine learning models, the **software** enables data processing, model development, and deployment, and the **hardware** provides the physical platform for running these models at the edge.
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In this learning path, we will build a model that recognize specific voice commands, which will be used to **control LEDs on the Arduino Nano RP2040 Connect**. In the following steps, both software and hardware components will be discussed in detail.
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In this learning path, you will build a model that recognize specific voice commands, which will be used to **control LEDs on the Arduino Nano RP2040 Connect**. In the following steps, both software and hardware components will be discussed in detail.
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content/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/edge/program-and-deployment.md

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# Programming your first tinyML device
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This Learning Path provides a complete sketch that you can upload onto your Arduino Nano RP2040. Follow the steps below to get started.
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This section helps you create a complete sketch that you can upload onto your Arduino Nano RP2040.
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## Step 1: Create a New Sketch
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content/learning-paths/embedded-and-microcontrollers/edge/software-edge-impulse.md

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# Using Edge Impulse to Train TinyML Models
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Now that the foundational concepts of TinyML and Edge AI are clear, it's time to move from theory to practice. One of the most accessible and easy to use platforms for training TinyML models is **Edge Impulse**. It provides an intuitive, end-to-end pipeline for collecting data, designing features, training models, and deploying them to edge devices. In this section, we will explore how Edge Impulse is used to train models specifically for ultra-low-power microcontrollers, bridging the gap between machine learning and real-world embedded applications.
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Now that the foundational concepts of TinyML and Edge AI are clear, it's time to move from theory to practice. **Edge Impulse** is an easy to use platform for training TinyML models. It provides an end-to-end pipeline for collecting data, designing features, training models, and deploying them to edge devices. In this section, we will explore how Edge Impulse is used to train models specifically for ultra-low-power microcontrollers, bridging the gap between machine learning and real-world embedded applications.
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## What is Edge Impulse?
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With your device configured, the next step is to **add your dataset** to the project. Click on the **"Add existing data"** button and follow the configuration settings shown in the attached snapshot. This allows you to upload pre-recorded data instead of collecting it live, which can save time during the development phase.
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The dataset for this project can be downloaded from the following link: [Download Dataset](https://github.com/e-dudzi/Learning-Path.git). The Dataset has already been split into **training** and **testing**.
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The dataset for this project can be downloaded from the following link: [Download Dataset](https://github.com/e-dudzi/Learning-Path.git). Download the `Dataset.zip` file and extract it on your local machine.
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For convenience, the dataset has already been split into **training** and **testing**.
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![example image alt-text#center](images/6.png "Figure 4. Add Existing Data")
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2. In the **search bar**, type **"Arduino"** to filter the export options.
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3. Select **Arduino library** from the list.
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4. The export process will start automatically, and the model will be downloaded as a `.zip` file.
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4. If the export process does not start automatically, click **Build**. The model will be downloaded as a `.zip` file.
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![example image alt-text#center](images/16.png "Figure 13. Model Deployment")
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