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GITBOOK lips and barrel update.
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‎gitbook/examples/basic-design/lips.md‎

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# Lips
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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In this tutorial, we modify the force diagram to create a lip at the edge of the shell. By "lip," we refer to historical examples such as Heinz Isler's _Wyss Garten Haus_. These folds at the boundary play a key structural role in stiffening the edges of a shell.
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To achieve this modification, we must redirect the flow of the greatest forces. Typically, in our shell form-finding process, the greatest forces have been concentrated along the outermost edge of the shell, flowing down to the support points at the corners. However, in this case, we aim to direct these forces through an edge that is not at the very perimeter of the shell.
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To accomplish this, we will set the force diagram edge length parameters [**lmin**](../../manual/7.-modify-diagrams/supports-1.md) and [**lmax**](../../manual/7.-modify-diagrams/supports-1.md) to 1 and 3, respectively, for all boundary edges. For the inner loop of edges, we will use a range of 10–15. These values are arbitrary and serve to illustrate the principle.
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips.3dm" %}
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***
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## 1. Create Pattern
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**Command:** `RV_pattern` > `RhinoMesh`
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Create a pattern from a mesh. You can start with the attached Rhino file or a session file.
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_0.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_0.json" %}
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***
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## 2. Identify Supports
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**Command:** `RV_pattern_supports` > `Add`> `Manual`> `Select Vertices`
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Manually set the boundary points from the three boundary arches.
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_1.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_1.json" %}
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***
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## 3. Form Diagram
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**Command:** `RV_form`
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The mesh geometry is converted into a line preview, marked with green lines.
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_2.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_2.json" %}
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***
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## 4. Force Diagram
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**Command:** `RV_force`
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Create a force diagram that shows the angle differences between the form and force diagrams. Ideally, they should become orthogonal to each other to achieve a compression-only shell.
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_3.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_3.json" %}
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***
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## 5. Horizontal Equilibrium
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**Command:** `RV_tna_horizontal` > `Iterations` > `1000`
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Set the iteration to 1000 to achieve horizontal equilibrium. Horizontal equilibrium is reached when no TextDot is visible, indicating that the angles between the force and form diagrams are orthogonal within the defined tolerance.
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_4.png" alt=""><figcaption><p>.</p></figcaption></figure>
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_4.json" %}
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***
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## 6. Modify Force Diagram
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**Command:** `RV_force_modify`> `EdgeAttributes` > `Manual`
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Set the boundary edge length range ([lmin](../../manual/7.-modify-diagrams/supports-1.md) and [lmax](../../manual/7.-modify-diagrams/supports-1.md)) to \[1, 3], and the mesh edges representing the lip to \[10, 15].
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_5_0.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_5_1.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_5.json" %}
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***
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## 7. Horizontal Equilibrium
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**Command:** `RV_tna_horizontal` > `Iterations` > `1000`
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Rerun the horizontal equilibrium.
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_6.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_6.json" %}
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***
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## 8. Vertical Equilibrium
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**Command:** `RV_tna_vertical`
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The final geometry is computed by running the vertical equilibrium command, keeping the z-height unchanged. For preview, we use the following options:`RV_settings > Drawing > show_pipes` and `show_forces`.
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_7.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_lips_7.json" %}

‎gitbook/examples/historical-typologies/barrel-vault.md‎

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# Barrel Vault
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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In this tutorial, we will explore the basic features of RhinoVAULT to determine the equilibrium shape of a barrel vault with two boundary supports. To form-find the barrel vault, we will adjust the form diagram parameters for the allowable internal horizontal force limits: [**hmax**](../../manual/7.-modify-diagrams/supports.md) (upper limit) and [**hmin**](../../manual/7.-modify-diagrams/supports.md) (lower limit).
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A barrel vault is unique because its edges orthogonal to the arches carry almost no load (e.g., **1e-5**), while the edges along the arches share the same internal horizontal force (e.g., **2**). The exception occurs at the boundary, where half of the horizontal force is used (e.g., **1**) for the small tributary area. Due to this special force distribution, the force diagram collapses into a single line.
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel.3dm" %}
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***
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## 1. Create Pattern
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**Command:** `RV_pattern` > `RhinoMesh`
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Create a pattern from a mesh. You can start with the attached Rhino file or a session file.
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_0.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_0.json" %}
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***
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## 2. Identify Supports
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**Command:** `RV_pattern_supports` > `Add`> `Manual`> `Select Vertices`
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Manually set the boundary points on the top and bottom edges of the mesh.
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_1.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_1.json" %}
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***
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## 3. Form Diagram
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**Command:** `RV_form`
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The mesh geometry is converted into a line preview, marked with green lines.
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_2.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_2.json" %}
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***
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## 4. Modify Form Diagram
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**Command:** `RV_form_modify`> `Edge Constraints` > `Manual`\
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Set the horizontal edge constraints (h\_min and h\_max) to: a) 0.00001, b) vertical edges to 2, and c) vertical boundary edges to 1. This is done because horizontal edges ideally carry no load, and boundary arches have a tributary area twice as large as the outer ones.
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_3_0.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_3_1.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_3_2.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_3.json" %}
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***
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## 5. Force Diagram
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**Command:** `RV_force`
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On the right side, the force diagram is created with TextDots marking the angle deviation between the form edge and its 90-degree rotated force edge. In the next step, horizontal equilibrium will be applied to reduce this deviation to zero.
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_4.png" alt=""><figcaption><p>.</p></figcaption></figure>
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_4.json" %}
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***
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## 6. Horizontal Equilibrium
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**Command:** `RV_tna_horizontal` > `Iterations` > `1000`
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Set the iteration to 1000 to reach the horizontal equilibrium. Since horizontal segments have almost no force, the force diagram collapses to a line.
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_5.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_5.json" %}
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***
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## 7. Vertical Equilibrium
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**Command:** `RV_tna_vertical`
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The final geometry is computed by running the vertical equilibrium command, keeping the z-height unchanged. For preview, we use the following options:`RV_settings > Drawing > show_pipes` and `show_forces`.
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<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_6.png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
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{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/examples_barrel_6.json" %}

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