- **Insert Block Size** - data is processed in a loop where it is pulled, parsed, and formed into in-memory insert blocks based on the [partitioning key](/engines/table-engines/mergetree-family/custom-partitioning-key). These blocks are sorted, optimized, compressed, and written to storage as new [data parts](/parts). The size of the insert block, controlled by settings [`min_insert_block_size_rows`](/operations/settings/settings#min_insert_block_size_rows) and [`min_insert_block_size_bytes`](/operations/settings/settings#min_insert_block_size_bytes) (uncompressed), impacts memory usage and disk I/O. Larger blocks use more memory but create fewer parts, reducing I/O and background merges. These settings represent minimum thresholds (whichever is reached first triggers a flush).
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