entry-docs: add logical operators documentation for C++ (#7182)

* docs: add logical operators documentation for C++

* updated content

* Update logical-operators.md

* format fixes

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Author: Mohit5Upadhyay

content/cpp/concepts/operators/terms/logical-operators/logical-operators.md

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+---
+Title: 'Logical Operators'
+Description: 'Logical operators perform logical operations such as AND, OR, and NOT to combine or modify boolean expressions in C++.'
+Subjects:
+  - 'Code Foundations'
+  - 'Computer Science'
+Tags:
+  - 'Logic'
+  - 'Operators'
+  - 'Boolean'
+CatalogContent:
+  - 'learn-c-plus-plus'
+  - 'paths/computer-science'
+---
+
+**Logical operators** in C++ are used to perform logical operations on boolean expressions or values that can be evaluated as true or false. These [operators](https://www.codecademy.com/resources/docs/cpp/operators) are essential for creating complex conditional statements, controlling program flow, and implementing decision-making logic in applications. There are 3 logical operators in C++:
+
+- Logical AND (`&&`)
+- Logical OR (`||`)
+- Logical NOT (`!`)
+
+## Logical AND (`&&`)
+
+The logical AND operator `&&` returns true only when both operands are true. It uses short-circuit evaluation, meaning if the first operand is false, the second operand is not evaluated.
+
+### Syntax of `&&`
+
+```pseudo
+expression1 && expression2
+```
+
+Here:
+
+- `expression1` and `expression2` are boolean expressions or values that evaluate to true or false
+
+### Example of Logical AND (`&&`) Operator
+
+```cpp
+#include <iostream>
+using namespace std;
+
+int main() {
+  int age = 25;
+  bool hasLicense = true;
+
+  // Check if person can drive
+  if (age >= 18 && hasLicense) {
+    cout << "Person can drive legally." << endl;
+  } else {
+    cout << "Person cannot drive legally." << endl;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+The output of this code is:
+
+```shell
+Person can drive legally.
+```
+
+## Logical OR (`||`)
+
+The logical OR operator `||` returns true if at least one of the operands is true. It also uses short-circuit evaluation, meaning if the first operand is true, the second operand is not evaluated.
+
+### Syntax of `||`
+
+```pseudo
+expression1 || expression2
+```
+
+### Example of Logical OR (`||`) Operator
+
+```cpp
+#include <iostream>
+using namespace std;
+
+int main() {
+  int day = 6; // Saturday
+  bool isHoliday = false;
+
+  // Check if it's a weekend or holiday
+  if (day == 6 || day == 7 || isHoliday) {
+    cout << "No work today!" << endl;
+  } else {
+    cout << "Work day." << endl;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+The output of this code is:
+
+```shell
+No work today!
+```
+
+## Logical NOT (`!`)
+
+The logical NOT operator `!` reverses the boolean value of its operand. If the operand is true, it returns false, and vice versa.
+
+### Syntax of `!`
+
+```pseudo
+!expression1
+```
+
+### Example of Logical NOT (`!`) Operator
+
+```cpp
+#include <iostream>
+using namespace std;
+
+int main() {
+  bool isRaining = false;
+
+  if (!isRaining) {
+    cout << "Perfect weather for a walk!" << endl;
+  } else {
+    cout << "Better stay inside." << endl;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+The output of this code is:
+
+```shell
+Perfect weather for a walk!
+```
+
+## Codebyte Example
+
+The following Codebyte demonstrates how logical operators are used in a real-world scenario such as verifying login credentials:
+
+```codebyte/cpp
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+using namespace std;
+
+int main() {
+  string username = "admin";
+  string password = "secure123";
+  bool isActive = true;
+  int loginAttempts = 2;
+  int maxAttempts = 3;
+
+  // Input credentials
+  string inputUser = "admin";
+  string inputPass = "secure123";
+
+  // Check authentication using logical operators
+  bool validCredentials = (inputUser == username) && (inputPass == password);
+  bool accountAccessible = isActive && (loginAttempts < maxAttempts);
+  bool canLogin = validCredentials && accountAccessible;
+
+  cout << "Authentication Results:" << endl;
+  cout << "Valid credentials: " << (validCredentials ? "Yes" : "No") << endl;
+  cout << "Account accessible: " << (accountAccessible ? "Yes" : "No") << endl;
+  cout << "Login successful: " << (canLogin ? "Yes" : "No") << endl;
+
+  // Demonstrate NOT operator
+  if (!canLogin) {
+    cout << "Access denied!" << endl;
+  } else {
+    cout << "Welcome to the system!" << endl;
+  }
+
+  // Demonstrate OR operator for error handling
+  if (!validCredentials || !accountAccessible) {
+    cout << "Login failed due to: ";
+    if (!validCredentials) cout << "Invalid credentials ";
+    if (!accountAccessible) cout << "Account issues ";
+      cout << endl;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+The following table summarizes the three logical operators in C++:
+
+| Symbol | Name        | Description                                       | Implementation Example |
+| ------ | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
+| `&&`   | Logical AND | Returns true if both operands are true            | `a && b`               |
+| `\|\|` | Logical OR  | Returns true if at least one operand is true      | `a \|\| b`             |
+| `!`    | Logical NOT | Returns the opposite boolean value of the operand | `!a`                   |