Klikitat (Nd17, B318, WNAI109) #4
Description
I wonder why there are two societies called Klikitat in the D-PLACE datasets (xd1149, xd1435). One (xd1435) is identified with the Klikitat dialect (klik1240) and the other one (xd1149) with the Yakima dialect (nucl1237) of Northwest Sahaptin. The former is said to be the group referred to by Jorgensen (WNAI109), the latter to be that of the EA and Binford (Nd17, B318), although Binford speaks of "Yakima", not of "Klikitat". Here is what I found looking up their sources:
Ray 1939 clearly distinguishes between Klikitat and Yakima; Ray 1942 contains data only on the Klikitat, not the Yakima, but defines as Klikitat the same narrow group of Klikitat proper as in Ray 1939. (The term has also been used in a broader sense in the ethnographic literature, but the Klikitat proper are the χwálχwaypam.) Thus, data incorporated from Ray into the EA and WNAI under the designation "Klikitat" should refer to one and the same group: Ray's Klikitat as discerned from the Yakima.
The EA additionally uses Jacobs 1932 (obviously only for variables concerning kinship). Jacobs' data is based on an Upper Cowlitz informant; concerning the Klikitat, Jacobs only says that their kinship "terminology is almost identical" (p. 688). This is why Murdock could use this source also for the Klikitat.
Neither Ray 1939 nor Ray 1942 (nor Jacobs 1932) appear in Binford's bibliography. He hardly provides any data on the Yakima anyway; they only appear in tables 5.01 and 9.01. Binford does not disclose his sources for the Yakima data in these tables, but the focal year as well as the percentage for "Hunting" differ from the Klikitat data in the EA. Thus, whatever his source had been, it was not the Klikitat data of the EA, obviously. (On p. 479, note 4, he says he adopts Murdock's categories, but not that he adopts his data.) So why has D-PLACE changed Binford's "Yakima" into "Klikitat" and mapped it with Murdock's Klikitat?
I think it should rather look like this:
xd1149="Yakima"=nucl1237=B318
xd1435="Klikitat"=klik1240=Nd17=WNAI109