fix some semantic line breaks

Author: knarrff

paper.tex

@@ -99,7 +99,8 @@ \section{Motivation}
 In this chapter, we motivate dedicated RSE groups in German research organizations.
 Several stakeholder perspectives are discussed and supported by (inter)national examples, including that of RSEs within RSE groups, RSEs embedded in research groups, Researchers in need of RSE resources, organizational management and that of funders.
 
-We will draw parallels to research data here, because both, data and software, play a fundamental role in all of the research. Over the past decades, Research Data Management (RDM) has evolved into a topic of national interest with NFDI consortia for all disciplines and a research data law.
+We will draw parallels to research data here, because both, data and software, play a fundamental role in all of the research.
+Over the past decades, Research Data Management (RDM) has evolved into a topic of national interest with NFDI consortia for all disciplines and a research data law.
 Federal state RDM initiatives\footnote{\url{https://forschungsdaten.info/fdm-im-deutschsprachigen-raum/deutschland/}} accelerate the topic further and provide regional training, networking and other supporting services.
 Many research organisations have established central RDM groups that support research projects in all aspects from grant proposals to hands-on support and maintaining Data Management Plans (DMP).
 Funding agencies acknowledge the importance of research data and started to make RDM mandatory in research projects.
@@ -118,11 +119,13 @@ \subsection{Tasks}
 
 One of the services a centralized RSE unit likely will provide is training to improve the often low-quality code developed by beginners ~\autocite{Ostlund2023}.
 Examples of organizational training efforts are the Helmholtz HIFIS group [https://events.hifis.net/category/4/], the Scientific Software Center in Heidelberg [https://www.ssc.uni-heidelberg.de/en], the Competence Center Digital Research in Jena (zedif: [https://www.zedif.uni-jena.de/en/]), and the SURESOFT workshops series in Braunschweig ~\autocite{SURESOFTLink, Blech2022}.
-Another national pioneer is the Göttingen State and University Library which set up a group of RSEs offering – besides training – services like data modeling and visualization, digital editions, portal development and more. They reported a remarkable increase in software quality, better grant applications, less brain drain and overall employee satisfaction levels~\autocite{schimavoigt2023}.
+Another national pioneer is the Göttingen State and University Library which set up a group of RSEs offering – besides training – services like data modeling and visualization, digital editions, portal development and more.
+They reported a remarkable increase in software quality, better grant applications, less brain drain and overall employee satisfaction levels~\autocite{schimavoigt2023}.
 The demand for such services appears to be ever-increasing.
 Other tasks include code review (REF? Charite), consultation services regarding frameworks or algorithm selection, licensing, and more.
 RSEs have always embraced and supported collaborative infrastructure and tools, e.g. GitLab, Containerisation, etc. and thus enabled fellow researchers utilising such infrastructure.
-In some national and international organisations, established RSE groups already develop solutions for (and guided by) research projects. This approach assures high quality research software and allows domain scientists to focus on their research challenges.
+In some national and international organisations, established RSE groups already develop solutions for (and guided by) research projects.
+This approach assures high quality research software and allows domain scientists to focus on their research challenges.
 This is likely to save time and accelerate publication of results.
 
 
@@ -131,7 +134,8 @@ \subsection{Structure}
 
 A central RSE team on long-term contracts will act as a knowledge hub due to their experience in and support of several disciplines as well as established contacts within the organisation.
 This is comparable to commercial/industry R\&D departments, where key software architects and developers establish a knowledge hub and consult with as many projects as necessary [REF].
-Subject matter experts like software architects, database administrators and other tooling specialists are organized centrally and share their knowledge by consulting with decentralized projects. It makes economically sense to organise such personel as cost-effective as possible since not every project can afford or needs such RSE FTEs.
+Subject matter experts like software architects, database administrators and other tooling specialists are organized centrally and share their knowledge by consulting with decentralized projects.
+It makes economically sense to organise such personel as cost-effective as possible since not every project can afford or needs such RSE FTEs.
 Most academic research organizations have established centralized tooling, e.g. storage or HPC, but only a few consider software development and consultancy a relevant service yet.
 RSE units act as knowledge hubs in a network of academic developers within an organisation~\autocite{Elsholz2006}.
 This enables the embedded experts to maintain in-depth knowledge and to assess current trends and developments, both in research as well as technology.
@@ -153,7 +157,8 @@ \subsection{Structure}
 With the increasing recognition of software as a research object/result, it is easy to see how projects will require and benefit from support in software needs in the near future.
 
 
-The Carpentries~\autocite{Carpentries} exemplify a similar success story [REF SuccessStory Carpentries https://carpentries.org/testimonials/]. Requests or suggestions for even more training show the need for such services.
+The Carpentries~\autocite{Carpentries} exemplify a similar success story [REF SuccessStory Carpentries https://carpentries.org/testimonials/].
+Requests or suggestions for even more training show the need for such services.
 RSE services which benefit all disciplines/departments may represent a unique selling point for organizations competing for the brightest minds.
 See the examples from leading universities above.
 
@@ -164,7 +169,8 @@ \subsection{Structure}
 \subsection{International Comparison and Current Developments}
 
 
-Selected research institutions in the UK have pioneered the deployment of RSEs into research projects~\autocite{Crouch2013}. The successful establishment of such staff is a role model for similar academic organizations worldwide.
+Selected research institutions in the UK have pioneered the deployment of RSEs into research projects~\autocite{Crouch2013}.
+The successful establishment of such staff is a role model for similar academic organizations worldwide.
 A range of already-existing RSE units can be seen in this map: https://society-rse.org/community/rse-groups/
 
 In the UK, for example, almost all grant applications include software development in their budget.
@@ -183,7 +189,8 @@ \subsection{International Comparison and Current Developments}
 and the German Research Council~\autocite{dfg_gsp}.
 %% TODO: Double-check that DLR guidelines are referenced.
 
-Another development taking place worldwide is the encouragement of authors to submit both, data and software, for peer review. As an example, the journal "Nature" initiated such a policy\footnote{\url{https://www.nature.com/nature-portfolio/editorial-policies/reporting-standards}} in 2018~\autocite{Nature2018}.
+Another development taking place worldwide is the encouragement of authors to submit both, data and software, for peer review.
+As an example, the journal "Nature" initiated such a policy\footnote{\url{https://www.nature.com/nature-portfolio/editorial-policies/reporting-standards}} in 2018~\autocite{Nature2018}.
 RSE groups are able to offer researchers consulting tailored to their specific needs on how to implement and document those policies.
 
 The global FAIR movement originated from RDM and widened their focus to include research software.
@@ -252,7 +259,8 @@ \subsection{Module 1: Foster a Network of RSEs}
 A central RSE unit can make sure to connect decentralized RSEs to others with the relevant expertise or offer it themselves.
 Fostering the network also enables the RSE unit to monitor institutional RSE activities, thereby giving it the insight necessary to prevent duplication of work and support synergies.
 
-How an RSE unit realizes this task will depend heavily on its environment and resources. We only mention a few examples here to provide inspiration, with the explicit claim of incompleteness.
+How an RSE unit realizes this task will depend heavily on its environment and resources.
+We only mention a few examples here to provide inspiration, with the explicit claim of incompleteness.
 These include talks, seminars, workshops, meet-ups, hackathons, as well as informal regulars' tables.
 As a foundation, a central RSE unit employs experienced RSEs, mostly at the post-doctoral level, who are not only expert software engineers, but also good communicators with the ability to work interdisciplinarily.
 At least a core of a central RSE unit's employees need to have permanent contracts to be able to offer that deep expertise that requires years of experience.
@@ -332,15 +340,10 @@ \subsection{Module 3: Development Services}
 Besides the technical benefits of this central deployment procedure, the institution will also benefit from the increased visibility and potentially be able to build a brand with its technological output.
 
 [Success Story]
-The Scientific IT Services of ETH Zurich (SIS) started in 2013 with a handful
-of members and has (as of March 2024) around 50 members. In addition to HPC services,
-the group also offers RSE services in various areas. These include the
-development of software applications for RDM, support in the development and
-improvement of scientific software or the long-term maintenance of software
-developed in research groups. In addition, SIS offers services in the areas of
-data science, machine learning, bioinformatics, trusted compute environments,
-training and consulting, and training and consulting.
-
+The Scientific IT Services of ETH Zurich (SIS) started in 2013 with a handful of members and has (as of March 2024) around 50 members.
+In addition to HPC services, the group also offers RSE services in various areas.
+These include the development of software applications for RDM, support in the development and improvement of scientific software or the long-term maintenance of software developed in research groups.
+In addition, SIS offers services in the areas of data science, machine learning, bioinformatics, trusted compute environments, training and consulting, and training and consulting.
 
 \subsection{Module 4: Teaching Services}
 \label{sec:teaching}
@@ -576,7 +579,8 @@ \subsubsection{Conceptualization}
 \subsubsection{Installation of the Department}
 Once the concept has been approved by the institution, the RSE unit can be installed accordingly.
 The initial staffing depends crucially on the local institutional conditions.
-One promising possibility is to start with two positions. The first one would be an RSE coordinator.
+One promising possibility is to start with two positions.
+The first one would be an RSE coordinator.
 They will be the contact person for all institutional RSEs, organizing meetings, developing training programs, reporting to superordinate bodies, etc.
 The second position would be a central RSE, responsible for providing selected services and infrastructure.
 These central positions will be complemented by the existing RSEs organized in the network to form a pool of institutional RSEs associated with the central unit.
@@ -631,7 +635,8 @@ \subsection{Staff Acquisition/People}
 One option here would be the creation of an RSE master as a specialization for a computer science bachelor.
 This should be complemented by adding a minor in application-domain study programs such as biology, physics, engineering etc. to facilitate the communication between the corresponding two groups of RSEs.
 There are already some master's programs available, (\eg in Berlin, Munich and Stuttgart) that develop this specialization on top of a domain bachelor.
-And of course there are data science curricula in the process of being created. A curated and continuously updated list of these programs is available at \cite{learnandteachlearn}.
+And of course there are data science curricula in the process of being created.
+A curated and continuously updated list of these programs is available at \cite{learnandteachlearn}.
 
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