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Florian Goth
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replace res and some fixups
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paper.tex

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\documentclass{article}
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\usepackage[]{biblatex}
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\usepackage{hyperref}
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\addbibresource{bibliography.bib}
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\addbibresource{positionpaper.bib}
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\title{Establishing RSE departments in German research institutions}
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\subsection{Tasks - Why do central software services make sense?}
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One of the services a centralized RSE department likely will provide is training to improve the often low-quality code developed by beginners [REF low-quality].
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Examples for organizational training efforts are the Helmholtz HIFIS group [https://events.hifis.net/category/4/], the Scientific Software Center in Heidelberg [https://www.ssc.uni-heidelberg.de/en], the Competence Center Digital Research in Jena (zedif: [https://www.zedif.uni-jena.de/en/]), and the SURESOFT workshops series in Braunschweig [https://www.tu-braunschweig.de/suresoft].
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Examples for organizational training efforts are the Helmholtz HIFIS group [https://events.hifis.net/category/4/], the Scientific Software Center in Heidelberg [https://www.ssc.uni-heidelberg.de/en], the Competence Center Digital Research in Jena (zedif: [https://www.zedif.uni-jena.de/en/]), and the SURESOFT workshops series in Braunschweig \autocite{SURESOFTLink}.
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Another national pioneer is the Göttingen State and University Library who set up a group of RSEs offering – besides training – services like data modeling and visualization, digital editions, portal development and more. They reported a remarkable increase in software quality, better grant applications, less brain drain and overall employee satisfaction levels \autocite{schimavoigt2023}.
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The demand for such services appears to be ever-increasing.
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Cite for international comparison https://doi.org/10.1109/MCSE.2023.3264113 Princeton RSE group model
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Cite for international comparison \autocite{Cosden2022} Princeton RSE group model
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\subsection{Structure}
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RSE departments act as knowledge hubs in a network of academic developers[REF: Dissertation zur Verstetigung von Netzwerken].
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This enables the embedded experts to maintain in-depth knowledge and to assess current trends and developments, both in research as well as technology.
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According to [SUB Goettingen] the employee satisfaction significantly increases with RSE services.
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The SUB library department “Software and Digital Services” was founded to support their (research) software needs [REF https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727987].
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Soon after, this department received inquiries from the campus at large, showcasing the need for such services [SuccessStory from a university library, e.g. https://zenodo.org/records/7727988]. The Carpentries [Footnote: https://carpentries.org/] exemplify a similar success story [REF SuccessStory Carpentries https://carpentries.org/testimonials/]. Requests or suggestions for even more training show the need for such services.
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The SUB library department “Software and Digital Services” was founded to support their (research) software needs \autocite{schimavoigt2023}.
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Soon after, this department received inquiries from the campus at large, showcasing the need for such services [SuccessStory from a university library, e.g. \autocite{schimavoigt2023}. The Carpentries \autocite{Carpentries} exemplify a similar success story [REF SuccessStory Carpentries https://carpentries.org/testimonials/]. Requests or suggestions for even more training show the need for such services.
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RSE services which benefit all disciplines/departments may represent a unique selling point for organizations competing for the brightest minds.
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See the examples from leading universities above.
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These data experts support research projects in several aspects including DMPlans, grant applications, data availability for journal publications, compliance, FAIRification and more.
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With the increasing recognition of software as a research object/result, it is easy to see how projects will require and benefit from very similar support in software needs in the near future.
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The latest DFG grant application templates require discussion of data and software management (in line with their GWP guidelines [REF]).
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The latest DFG grant application templates require discussion of data and software management (in line with their GWP guidelines \autocite{dfg_gsp}).
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We also see the first grant applications [REF welcome trust? or others] requiring Software Management Plans (SMP).
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A few journals started asking for code submission [REF CHORUS? Nature?].
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The rather complex assessment of FAIRness [REF apples to apples] has widened from data to software [REF software FAIR assessment, 10.15497/RDA00068].
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The rather complex assessment of FAIRness [REF apples to apples] has widened from data to software \autocite{fair_data_maturity_model_working_group_2020}.
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A decentralized RSE will provide training, improve software, support research publications, in close relationship with the local research team.
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Scarce resources like professional staff, time and money are not put to waste. Instead, better software (publications) will lead to outstanding reputation.
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A professionalization in software development and management can be expected to lead from research project prototypes to software products to the benefit of everyone.
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Less technical debt [Footnote: https://www.gartner.com/en/information-technology/glossary/technical-debt] will be amassed, which is beneficial for reuse.
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Less technical debt \footnote{\url{https://www.gartner.com/en/information-technology/glossary/technical-debt}} will be amassed, which is beneficial for reuse.
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Necessary software management activities like (git-based) version control are assumed to improve collaboration among researchers.
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Examples of topics that would benefit from such expertise pooling are e.g. mobile app development (University of Manchester: https://research-it.manchester.ac.uk/services/mobile-development-service-mds/ - use as \#SuccessStory?) and UI/UX development.
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RSE departments that offer development services at all scales have proven to be a success story at many research institutions and have rapidly grown in size due to the influx of third party funding.
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Notable examples are e.g. Manchester [REF], Notre-Dame [REF], STANFORD, PRINCETON [https://arxiv.org/pdf/2210.16261.pdf].
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Notable examples are e.g. Manchester [REF], Notre-Dame [REF], STANFORD, Princeton \autocite{Cosden2022}.
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[SuccessStory]
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Founded in January 2017, the Research Computing department of Princeton University has experienced a tremendous growth from the initial two FTEs to a total of 18 FTEs in the span of five years [https://arxiv.org/pdf/2210.16261.pdf].
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Founded in January 2017, the Research Computing department of Princeton University has experienced a tremendous growth from the initial two FTEs to a total of 18 FTEs in the span of five years \autocite{Cosden2022}.
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This growth is based on a continuous influx of new funded projects once successful projects showcase the additional value of RSE services to researchers.
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\subsection{Teaching Services}
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\subsection{Software Maintenance Service}
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Funder policies such as [DFG Regeln der Guten Wissenschaftlichen Praxis] require long-term preservation of used research data and software in an adequate way.
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Funder policies such as \autocite{dfg_gsp} require long-term preservation of used research data and software in an adequate way.
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For research data, established procedures to implement this requirement exist.
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For research software, dedicated archiving solutions such as Software Heritage [REF] or Zenodo's GitHub integration [REF] exist.
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positionpaper.bib

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publisher = {Zenodo},
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doi = {10.5281/zenodo.7727988},
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url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7727988}
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}
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@ARTICLE{Cosden2022,
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author={Cosden, Ian A.},
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journal={{Computing in Science \& Engineering}},
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title={The Princeton University Research Software Engineering Group Model: Operational and Organizational Approaches},
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year={2022},
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volume={24},
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number={5},
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pages={24-31},
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keywords={Software engineering;Research and development;Leadership;Codes;Collaboration;Computational modeling;Best practices},
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doi={10.1109/MCSE.2023.3264113}}
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@misc{fair_data_maturity_model_working_group_2020,
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author = {FAIR Data Maturity Model Working Group},
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title = {{FAIR Data Maturity Model. Specification and
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Guidelines}},
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month = jun,
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year = 2020,
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publisher = {Zenodo},
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version = {1.0},
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doi = {10.15497/rda00050},
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url = {https://doi.org/10.15497/rda00050}
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}

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