diff --git a/_drafts/Article/Translation/how-i-computer-in-2024.md b/_drafts/Article/Translation/how-i-computer-in-2024.md index 2a8e1535..733c6d23 100644 --- a/_drafts/Article/Translation/how-i-computer-in-2024.md +++ b/_drafts/Article/Translation/how-i-computer-in-2024.md @@ -1,227 +1,199 @@ --- -title: How I Computer in 2024 +title: 我在2024年的计算机使用方式 date: 2024-07-31T00:00:00.000Z authorURL: "" originalURL: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/ -translator: "" +translator: "luojiyin" reviewer: "" --- -1. [][1]/ -2. [Blog][2]/ -3. [How I Computer in 2024][3]/ + -# How I Computer in 2024 +# 我在 2024 年的计算机使用方式 -·2611 words·13 mins +·2611 字·13 分钟阅读时间 -Table of Contents +目录 -- [Introduction][4] -- [Hardware][5] - - [Desktop][6] - - [Server][7] - - [Laptop][8] - - [Phone][9] -- [Connectivity & Security][10] -- [Productivity Apps][11] -- [Development][12] -- [OS / Desktop][13] -- [Server / Homelab][14] -- [Summary][15] +- [我在 2024 年的计算机使用方式](#我在-2024-年的计算机使用方式) + - [介绍](#介绍) + - [硬件](#硬件) + - [台式机](#台式机) + - [服务器](#服务器) + - [笔记本电脑](#笔记本电脑) + - [手机](#手机) + - [网络连接与安全](#网络连接与安全) + - [生产力应用](#生产力应用) + - [开发](#开发) + - [操作系统/桌面环境](#操作系统桌面环境) + - [服务器/家庭实验室](#服务器家庭实验室) + - [**总结**](#总结) -## Introduction [#][16] +## 介绍 -I’m always fascinated to see how people use their computers - which applications they choose, how they set up their desktop environments and even how their screens are laid out on their desk. I’ve learned some great tricks from friends and colleagues over the years, so I thought I’d write up how I use my machines in 2024. +我一直对人们如何使用他们的计算机感到着迷——他们选择哪些应用程序，如何设置他们的桌面环境，甚至他们的屏幕在桌面上是如何布局的。多年来，我从朋友和同事那里学到了一些很棒的小技巧，所以我想写下我在 2024 年是如何使用我的机器的。 -The setup I’m using today has been quite static for a couple of years, with only minor adjustments. Each time I change something significant, I leave it for at least a couple of months to try and build muscle memory and see if I’m going to make the adjustment permanent. +我目前使用的设置在过去几年中一直相当稳定，只有一些小的调整。每次我做出重大改变时，我都会至少保留几个月，以尝试建立肌肉记忆，并看看我是否会永久采用这种调整。 -[][17] -[![screenshot of an empty hyprland desktop showing waybar at the top](/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/06_hu19d68ad61b5dede6fd1f1d19283c6ff2_18899216_660x0_resize_box_3.png)][18] +![screenshot of an empty hyprland desktop showing waybar at the top][134] -## Hardware [#][19] +## 硬件 -### Desktop [#][20] +### 台式机 -My main machine is a custom built desktop machine. It’s in a sombre looking, all black [beQuiet Silent Base 600][21] case. I’ve never been into RGB lights - I’m much more into good thermals and _silent_ operation. The full spec is as follows: +我的主力机器是一台定制的台式机。它装在一个低调的全黑色 [beQuiet Silent Base 600][21] 机箱中。我从来不喜欢 RGB 灯效——我更注重良好的散热和**静音**运行。具体配置如下： **CPU**: [AMD Ryzen 9 7950X][22] **GPU**: [AMD Radeon RX 7900XT][23] -**RAM**: [G.SKILL Trident Z5 Neo RGB 64GB DDR5-6000][24] -**PSU**: [Corsair HX1000i][25] -**Disk**: [1TB SN850X][26] + [2TB SN850X][27] -**Board**: [MSI MPG X670E CARBON WIFI][28] -**Cooler**: [beQuiet Dark Rock Pro 5][29] -**Case**: [beQuiet Silent Base 600][30] with 3x [beQuiet Silent Wings 4 PWM][31] fans -**Keyboard**: [DURGOD Taurus K320 TKL][32] with Cherry MX Brown switches -**Mouse**: [Razer Deathadder V2 Pro][33] -**Monitor**: [57" Samsung G95NC Odessey Neo G9][34] -**Camera**: [Sony ILME-FX3][35] / [FE 28-70mm F3.5-5.6][36] / [Elgato Cam Link 4K][37] -**Speakers**: [Audioengine A2+][38] -**Mic**: [RODE VideoMic GO II][39] +**内存**: [G.SKILL Trident Z5 Neo RGB 64GB DDR5-6000][24] +**电源**: [Corsair HX1000i][25] +**硬盘**: [1TB SN850X][26] + [2TB SN850X][27] +**主板**: [MSI MPG X670E CARBON WIFI][28] +**散热器**: [beQuiet Dark Rock Pro 5][29] +**机箱**: [beQuiet Silent Base 600][30]，配备 3 个 [beQuiet Silent Wings 4 PWM][31] 风扇 +**键盘**: [DURGOD Taurus K320 TKL][32]，Cherry MX 茶轴 +**鼠标**: [Razer Deathadder V2 Pro][33] +**显示器**: [57 英寸三星 G95NC Odessey Neo G9][34] +**摄像头**: [Sony ILME-FX3][35] / [FE 28-70mm F3.5-5.6][36] / [Elgato Cam Link 4K][37] +**音箱**: [Audioengine A2+][38] +**麦克风**: [RODE VideoMic GO II][39] -On my desk, you’ll find a [57" Samsung G95NC Odessey Neo G9][40] monitor mounted on a [gas spring arm][41], which is the newest addition to my setup. For 5 years, I’d been running a pair of 27" [LG 27" UN850 4K][42] monitors mounted on a dual monitor arm and had toyed with the idea of moving to an ultra-wide for a while. The Samsung display is the first I have found that doesn’t compromise on resolution - it’s the same resolution as my two LG monitors combined, but on a single panel. I must admit that I’m quite surprised how much of a productivity booster it is _not_ having the split down the middle. +在我的桌面上，你会看到一个 [57 英寸三星 G95NC Odessey Neo G9][40] 显示器，安装在一个 [气弹簧支架][41] 上，这是我最新的设备升级。过去 5 年，我一直使用一对 27 英寸的 [LG 27" UN850 4K][42] 显示器，安装在双显示器支架上，并一直考虑换成超宽屏显示器。三星显示器是我找到的第一款在分辨率上不妥协的显示器——它的分辨率与我之前的两台 LG 显示器相同，但集成在一块面板上。我必须承认，没有中间的分割线确实大大提升了我的工作效率。 -[][43] -[![a photograph of my desk including a huge ultra-wide monitor](/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/01_hu930cbab5a5dfad6c7189f290c5bed7dd_1798110_660x0_resize_box_3.png)][44] -At the time of writing, I work for [Canonical][45] which is an all remote company. The combination of the company itself and my role as VP Engineering means I spend a good portion of my day on video calls. In my opinion, investing in a solid AV setup is a service to your colleagues, particularly where your role involves managing people. I’m currently running a [Sony ILME-FX3][46] with the standard [FE 28-70mm F3.5-5.6][47] lens, hooked up to an [Elgato Cam Link 4K][48]. For audio, I use a [RODE VideoMic GO II][49] and a pair of [Audioengine A2+][50] speakers. +![一张我的桌面的照片，包括一个巨大的超宽显示器][135] -In the world of Linux desktops, I’ve found audio devices that present their own USB interface to be much less hassle. I completely disable the motherboard’s onboard sound, as well as the HDMI/DisplayPort sound outputs on my machine and leave just the USB audio interfaces from my mic and speakers enabled. +在撰写本文时，我在 [Canonical][45] 工作，这是一家完全远程的公司。公司性质加上我作为工程副总裁的角色，意味着我每天有相当一部分时间都在视频会议中度过。在我看来，投资一套可靠的音视频设备是对同事的一种服务，尤其是当你的角色涉及管理他人时。我目前使用 [Sony ILME-FX3][46] 相机，搭配标准的 [FE 28-70mm F3.5-5.6][47] 镜头，并通过 [Elgato Cam Link 4K][48] 连接。音频方面，我使用 [RODE VideoMic GO II][49] 麦克风和一对 [Audioengine A2+][50] 音箱。 -### Server [#][51] +在 Linux 桌面环境中，我发现那些自带 USB 接口的音频设备使用起来更加方便。我完全禁用了主板上的板载声卡以及 HDMI/DisplayPort 音频输出，只保留了麦克风和音箱的 USB 音频接口。 -I use the term “server” loosely… my homelab has gone through many iterations over the years, from all “on-prem”, to a mix of cloud services and devices, and back again. +### 服务器 -My current setup is very modest, partly because my workstation is such a monster, meaning I can easily spin up multiple VMs/containers there when I want to experiment and not really impact the performance of the machine for more routine tasks. +我使用"服务器"这个词比较宽松……我的家庭实验室在过去的几年里经历了多次迭代，从完全"本地化"到混合使用云服务和设备，然后又回到了本地。 -Most of my services run on a single [Intel NUC6i7KYK][52]. This machine has an Intel i7-6770HQ CPU, 16GB RAM and a 512GB Samsung 970 Pro NVMe drive internally. It’s connected to a Samsung 840 EVO 4TB SATA drive by USB. I’m not much of a data-hoarder so I don’t require too much storage. +我目前的设置非常简约，部分原因是我的工作站性能非常强大，这意味着我可以轻松地在上面启动多个虚拟机/容器进行实验，而不会影响机器在常规任务中的性能。 -This machine is getting a bit tired and I’m thinking about replacing it with something a little more modern later this year. +我的大部分服务都运行在一台 [Intel NUC6i7KYK][52] 上。这台机器配备了 Intel i7-6770HQ CPU、16GB 内存和一块 512GB 的三星 970 Pro NVMe 硬盘。它通过 USB 连接了一块三星 840 EVO 4TB SATA 硬盘。我不是一个数据囤积者，所以不需要太多存储空间。 -### Laptop [#][53] +这台机器已经有些老旧了，我考虑在今年晚些时候换一台更现代的机器。 -If I’m not at my desk, then I’m using my [Lenovo Z13 Gen 1][54]. I specified this machine with the AMD Ryzen 7 Pro 6860Z, 32GB RAM and a Hi-DPI display. +### 笔记本电脑 -I can’t rate this machine highly enough. The build quality is a cut above even Lenovo’s normal standard - it feels very premium and much more in the style of Apple’s uni-body aluminium laptops. It’s got plenty of power, and the battery lasts most of the day under moderate usage. +如果我不在办公桌前，那么我会使用我的 [Lenovo Z13 Gen 1][54]。我选择了 AMD Ryzen 7 Pro 6860Z 处理器、32GB 内存和高分辨率显示屏的配置。 -I tend towards ultralight machines when I travel because I can always use my desktop machine remotely if I need more grunt (more on that later…), and I’m certainly not interested in trying to make dual integrated/discrete GPUs work properly. +我对这台机器的评价非常高。它的做工甚至超过了联想通常的标准——感觉非常高端，更像是苹果的一体式铝制笔记本电脑风格。它拥有足够的性能，在中等使用强度下，电池可以持续一整天。 -### Phone [#][55] +我倾向于在旅行时使用超轻薄的机器，因为如果我需要更多的性能，我随时可以远程使用我的台式机（稍后会详细介绍……），而且我绝对不想尝试让集成/独立双显卡正常工作。 -I carry an [Apple iPhone 15 Pro][56]. I’ve been an iPhone user since around 2011 and likely won’t change any time soon. My family all use iPhones (and therefore FaceTime) and I like the particular trade-off of convenience/privacy that’s provided by Apple - however flawed that might be in absolute terms. The phone works great with my Airpods, the camera is better than I am at taking photos, and the battery life seems pretty good too. +### 手机 -I wrap the phone in a [Mous Limitless 5.0 Aramid Fibre][57] case to avoid too many oops moments! +我随身携带一部 [Apple iPhone 15 Pro][56]。我从 2011 年左右开始使用 iPhone，可能短期内不会更换。我的家人都使用 iPhone（因此也使用 FaceTime），我喜欢苹果在便利性和隐私之间提供的特定权衡——尽管从绝对意义上来说，这可能存在缺陷。这款手机与我的 AirPods 配合得很好，相机比我更擅长拍照，电池续航时间也相当不错。 -I find it difficult to get too excited about phones these days, I see them more as a commodity. +我给手机套上了 [Mous Limitless 5.0 Aramid Fibre][57] 保护壳，以避免太多意外时刻！ -## Connectivity & Security [#][58] +我发现现在很难对手机感到太兴奋，我更多地将其视为一种商品。 -In 2021 I started using [Tailscale][59] in place of my hand-rolled Wireguard setup, and I haven’t looked back. It has to be one of my favourite pieces of technology ever. It runs on all of my things - desktops, laptops, servers, phones, tablets, etc. +## 网络连接与安全 -I also recently took advantage of their [partnership with Mullvad][60]. I’ve used [Mullvad][61] as my default VPN provider when using untrusted networks for a few years - but using it through Tailscale means I can still access my tailnet while my internet traffic egresses through Mullvad without any extra configuration. +2021 年，我开始使用 [Tailscale][59] 替代我手工搭建的 Wireguard 设置，并且再也没有回头。它必须是我有史以来最喜欢的技术之一。它运行在我所有的设备上——台式机、笔记本电脑、服务器、手机、平板电脑等。 -I use [NextDNS][62] as an alternative to running a [Pi-Hole][63] or similar. Tailscale have a nice [integration][64] which means that all the devices on my tailnet automatically get [DNS-over-HTTPS][65] without any additional configuration, as well as DNS-level ad-blocking. +我最近还利用了他们的 [与 Mullvad 的合作][60]。我在使用不受信任的网络时，已经使用 [Mullvad][61] 作为默认的 VPN 提供商几年了——但通过 Tailscale 使用它意味着我仍然可以访问我的 tailnet，同时我的互联网流量通过 Mullvad 出口，而无需任何额外配置。 -I’ve got a couple of shared nodes in my tailnet - including one that my family can use as an exit node when they travel. As a result, I make quite extensive use of Tailscale [ACLs][66] to ensure people can only access what I want them to. +我使用 [NextDNS][62] 作为运行 [Pi-Hole][63] 或类似工具的替代方案。Tailscale 有一个很好的 [集成][64]，这意味着我 tailnet 上的所有设备都会自动获得 [DNS-over-HTTPS][65]，而无需任何额外配置，同时还提供 DNS 级别的广告拦截。 -I’ve been a [1Password][67] user for more than a decade now and I think their products are fantastic. Their Linux app sets the bar for modern cross-platform applications in my view. I recently started using their secrets capability at the CLI - the ability to store a `.env` file with a bunch of benign secret references, and have the actual [secrets injected into the environment][68] or a [config file][69] is very handy. +我的 tailnet 中有几个共享节点——包括一个我的家人在旅行时可以使用的出口节点。因此，我广泛使用 Tailscale [ACL][66] 来确保人们只能访问我希望他们访问的内容。 -I also have a small collection of [Yubikeys][70] with different connectors. One lives on my desk attached to my desktop, another lives in my pocket or otherwise on my person, and another is in a safe. They’re all NFC enabled so they work nicely with my mobile devices. I configure my Yubikeys with ed25519 [resident keys][71] for SSH, along with storing my GPG key (which rarely gets used these days…). +我已经使用 [1Password][67] 超过十年了，我认为他们的产品非常棒。在我看来，他们的 Linux 应用程序为现代跨平台应用程序树立了标杆。我最近开始在 CLI 中使用他们的秘密功能——能够存储一个包含一堆无害秘密引用的 `.env` 文件，并将实际的 [秘密注入到环境][68] 或 [配置文件][69] 中，这非常方便。 -One of my favourite things about the Yubikey is their ability to store TOTP codes. It’s a bit of a pain when I onboard a new account having to add the new secret to each key, but the upside is I don’t have to work out how to update/transfer them all each time I get a new phone! It’s also handy on the desktop to be able to run `ykman oath accounts code `. +我还拥有一小批不同接口的 [Yubikeys][70]。一个放在我的办公桌上，连接着我的台式机，另一个放在我的口袋里或随身携带，还有一个放在保险箱里。它们都支持 NFC，因此可以很好地与我的移动设备配合使用。我将 Yubikeys 配置为使用 ed25519 [常驻密钥][71] 进行 SSH，同时还存储了我的 GPG 密钥（虽然现在很少使用……）。 -## Productivity Apps [#][72] +我最喜欢 Yubikey 的一点是它们能够存储 TOTP 代码。虽然每次添加新账户时都需要将新密钥添加到每个 Yubikey 上有点麻烦，但好处是我不用每次换手机时都去更新/转移它们！在桌面上运行 `ykman oath accounts code ` 也很方便。 -A lot of my work is done in a browser. Canonical uses [Google Workspace][73] for emails, documents, slides, etc., so my default mode since joining has been to use Google Chrome for work things, and Firefox for personal things. I know that Firefox has [Account Containers][74] and other features that would help segregate the two, but I’ve found keeping my work and personal concerns in completely separate browsers to be useful. +## 生产力应用 -After having run a [Nextcloud][75] server for several years on a Droplet ([using `docker-compose`][76]), I ultimately realised that I was _only_ using the file syncing capability, and wasn’t moving much data even then. I switched to using [Syncthing][77] to avoid the overhead of running a server instance, which works particularly well when combined with Tailscale. +我的大部分工作都是在浏览器中完成的。Canonical 使用 [Google Workspace][73] 来处理邮件、文档、幻灯片等，因此自从加入公司以来，我的默认模式是使用 Google Chrome 处理工作事务，而 Firefox 则用于个人事务。我知道 Firefox 有 [Account Containers][74] 和其他功能可以帮助区分两者，但我发现将工作和个人事务完全分开的浏览器使用方式非常有用。 -All of my notes, both work and personal, live in [Obsidian][78]. When I first discovered Obsidian I fell for the classic trick of installing **all the extensions**, and have since paired that back. I went very deep with [Dataview][79], using it to collate actions from across my vault into various categories (meeting agendas, personal, reviews, etc.), but I found that as my vault grew the performance suffered quite a lot. A few months ago, I removed dataview, did some painful refactoring of my notes (lots of `sed`erry and `grep`pery!) and reverted to using Obsidian [queries][80]. +在 [Droplet][75] 上运行了几年 [Nextcloud][76] 服务器后，我最终意识到我**只**使用了文件同步功能，而且即使如此，也没有移动太多数据。我转而使用 [Syncthing][77] 来避免运行服务器实例的开销，特别是与 Tailscale 结合使用时效果非常好。 -I tried to get into [Zettelkasten][81] but found the maintenance a little… boring? I’ve ended up with a simple structure that I find really helps me in my day-to-day at work. Each day gets its own “Daily Note” which includes my agenda, linking to ongoing notes with the people or regular meetings I’m in. The daily notes are also a place for me to collate loose notes which might be searched later: +我所有的笔记，无论是工作还是个人，都存放在 [Obsidian][78] 中。当我第一次发现 Obsidian 时，我陷入了安装**所有扩展**的经典陷阱，后来逐渐减少了使用。我曾经深入使用 [Dataview][79]，用它来整理我的笔记库中的各种任务，分为不同的类别（会议议程、个人、回顾等），但随着笔记库的增长，性能受到了很大影响。几个月前，我移除了 Dataview，对我的笔记进行了一些痛苦的整理（大量使用 `sed` 和 `grep`！），并重新使用 Obsidian 的 [查询][80] 功能。 -[][82] +我尝试过 [Zettelkasten][81] 方法，但发现维护起来有点……无聊？我最终采用了一个简单的结构，这在我的日常工作中确实帮助很大。每天都会有一个"每日笔记"，其中包括我的议程，链接到与相关人员或定期会议的笔记。每日笔记也是我整理零散笔记的地方，这些笔记可能会在以后被搜索到： -[![obsidian.md screenshot showing my daily note template](/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/02_huf93b0c707cf46312a8fd9228e1b4cdb5_92067_660x0_resize_box_3.png)][83] -The agenda and the links are automatically generated using a small Go application I wrote - this application scrapes my Google Calendar, and according to some rules and the knowledge it has of my vault, generates the Markdown for the agenda and copies it to the clipboard. Each day, I sit down and type `agenda` at the command line, then paste into Obsidian. The notes for each person contain a running log of my notes with that person or group by date. +![obsidian.md 截图显示我的每日笔记模板][136] -I use a few Obsidian plugins to help here - including [Templater][84], [QuickAdd][85], [Omnisearch][86] and [Linter][87]. The first two are particularly handy for quickly inserting common meeting agendas, sets of interview questions, playbooks, etc. +议程和链接是通过我编写的一个小型 Go 应用程序自动生成的——这个应用程序会抓取我的 Google 日历，并根据一些规则和它对笔记库的了解，生成 Markdown 格式的议程并复制到剪贴板。每天，我坐下来在命令行中输入 `agenda`，然后将其粘贴到 Obsidian 中。每个人的笔记都包含我与该人或小组的按日期记录的笔记。 -I moved away from tracking tasks in Obsidian, and started using [Todoist][88] late last year. Todoist is great - I like to keep running lists of tasks per person, so that when I next meet them in a 1:1 or otherwise, I have a quick reference of all the things I’m meant to speak with them about - and I can achieve that very easily with Todoist labels. The Obsidian integration means I can integrate the agenda with the meeting note for a specific person: +我使用了一些 Obsidian 插件来帮助完成这些工作——包括 [Templater][84]、[QuickAdd][85]、[Omnisearch][86] 和 [Linter][87]。前两个插件特别方便，可以快速插入常见的会议议程、面试问题集、操作手册等。 -[][89] +我不再在 Obsidian 中跟踪任务，而是从去年年底开始使用 [Todoist][88]。Todoist 非常棒——我喜欢为每个人保留一个任务列表，这样当我下次与他们进行一对一会议或其他会议时，我可以快速参考所有需要与他们讨论的事情——而且我可以很容易地通过 Todoist 的标签功能实现这一点。Obsidian 的集成意味着我可以将议程与特定人员的会议笔记整合在一起： -[![obsidian and todoist side-by-side showing the integration](/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/03_hu961bfa5d6384c4efa7dfa90c87eca21a_361619_660x0_resize_box_3.png)][90] -## Development [#][91] -I’ve been a long-time user of [Alacritty][92] as a terminal emulator. I mostly use [Visual Studio Code][93] on the desktop - I like the community support for plugins, themes, etc. I’m also pretty handy in vim - I still have quite a snazzy [Neovim][94] setup which I use whenever I’m at the terminal. You can see my [neovim config][95] on Github - I don’t go too wild on plugins, but I’ve come to like [lightline][96], [telescope][97], and [nvim-tree-lua][98]. +![obsidian and todoist side-by-side showing the integration][137] -[][99] +## 开发 -[![the alacritty terminal emulator showing a tmux session with neovim loaded](/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/04_hu05bf6628177fb41deef80d4a55f42632_404501_660x0_resize_box_3.png)][100] +我长期使用 [Alacritty][92] 作为终端模拟器。在桌面上，我主要使用 [Visual Studio Code][93]——我喜欢它的插件和主题等社区支持。我也非常擅长使用 vim——我仍然保留着一个相当炫酷的 [Neovim][94] 配置，每当我在终端时都会使用它。你可以在 Github 上看到我的 [neovim 配置][95]——我没有安装太多插件，但我逐渐喜欢上了 [lightline][96]、[telescope][97] 和 [nvim-tree-lua][98]。 -I mostly drive `git` from the command line, but I’ve recently taken to using [Sublime Merge][101] for complicated rebases, or where I want to stage lots of small hunks in files. I was a dedicated user of [Sublime Text][102] for some years, but felt like it lagged behind Visual Studio Code on features after a while - despite being somewhat addicted to how lightning fast Sublime Text felt in comparison. -[][103] -[![visual studio code and sublime merge side-by-side](/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/05_hu2d6d25863bc408587fe8518d526b1cf7_752958_660x0_resize_box_3.png)][104] +![Alacritty 终端模拟器显示加载了 Neovim 的 tmux 会话][138] -## OS / Desktop [#][105] +我主要通过命令行使用 `git`，但最近我开始使用 [Sublime Merge][101] 来处理复杂的 rebase 操作，或者当我想暂存文件中的多个小块时。我曾经是 [Sublime Text][102] 的忠实用户，但后来觉得它在功能上逐渐落后于 Visual Studio Code——尽管我仍然对 Sublime Text 的极速体验有些上瘾。 -If you’ve read my blog before, it’ll be no surprise to you that I’m all-in on NixOS for all the things. I started that journey around 2 years ago and haven’t looked back. My journey on the Linux desktop has been quite varied over the years: my first ever Linux desktop experience was with [Knoppix][106] back in 2003. I then spent a few years dabbling with the various releases of Ubuntu before starting to use Linux on the desktop full-time in around 2014. From there I spent years on Arch Linux swapping between Plasma and GNOME about every 12 months. -I’ve become a fairly dedicated tiling window manager user, though I’ll admit that I bounced off it a few times before it stuck. When I made the switch to [Sway][107] in 2021, something clicked and I’ve not gone back from tiling since. I stuck with Sway in various configurations for quite a while, before moving to an almost identical looking setup based on [Hyprland][108] around 15 months ago. Hyprland seems nice - it’s mostly stable and I like the eye-candy. -Absolutely everything is themed with [Catppuccin Macchiato][109]. Not only do I love the theme, but I love how pervasive it is across all the apps/tools I use - and I’m a sucker for consistency! +![Visual Studio Code 和 Sublime Merge 并排显示][139] -You can see all the gory details of my Hyprland, waybar, rofi, mako, etc. [on Github][110]. +## 操作系统/桌面环境 -[][111] +如果你之前读过我的博客，那么我对 NixOS 的全情投入应该不会让你感到意外。我大约两年前开始了这段旅程，并且再也没有回头。多年来，我在 Linux 桌面上的经历相当多样化：我最早的 Linux 桌面体验是在 2003 年使用 [Knoppix][106]。然后我花了几年时间尝试各种 Ubuntu 版本，直到 2014 年左右开始全职在桌面上使用 Linux。从那以后，我在 Arch Linux 上度过了几年，大约每 12 个月就会在 Plasma 和 GNOME 之间切换。 -[![screenshot of a very busy hyprland desktop with editors, browsers, etc.](/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/07_hu19d68ad61b5dede6fd1f1d19283c6ff2_2075377_660x0_resize_box_3.png)][112] +我已经成为一个相当专注的平铺窗口管理器用户，尽管我承认在它真正"粘住"我之前，我几次放弃了它。当我在 2021 年切换到 [Sway][107] 时，某些东西突然"点击"了，从那以后我再也没有离开过平铺窗口管理器。我在各种配置下坚持使用 Sway 相当长一段时间，直到大约 15 个月前，我切换到了一个看起来几乎相同的基于 [Hyprland][108] 的设置。Hyprland 看起来不错——它大部分时间都很稳定，而且我喜欢它的视觉效果。 -## Server / Homelab [#][113] +所有东西都使用了 [Catppuccin Macchiato][109] 主题。我不仅喜欢这个主题，还喜欢它在我使用的所有应用程序/工具中的普遍性——我对一致性非常着迷！ -My server machine also runs NixOS, with a collection of media services and utilities. Where possible all of the services are run as “native” NixOS modules, with some running inside [systemd-nspawn][114] containers using the built-in language for [NixOS Containers][115]. If I’m experimenting with a new service, I sometimes run them in Docker to start with, especially if there isn’t already a NixOS module and I want to decide whether or not to invest the time in writing one! +你可以在 Github 上看到我的 Hyprland、waybar、rofi、mako 等的所有细节 [on Github][110]。 -I run [Caddy][116] as a reverse proxy ([recently switched][117] from Traefik). It can [talk directly to the Tailscale daemon][118] to issue LetsEncrypt certs for devices on your tailnet. This Caddy instance acts as a reverse proxy onto all the services running on the server, along with some other services on my home LAN, all over TLS. I tend to access each of these services through [Homepage][119] (which I previously [blogged about][120]): -[][121] -[![my personal dashboard using gethomepage.dev](/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/08_hu7f790721995065d374827ee567548c83_94865_660x0_resize_box_3.png)][122] +[Hyprland 桌面的截图，显示了编辑器、浏览器等][141] -Each night, the contents of my iCloud Photos library is dumped using [icloud-photos-downloader][123] so that I have a local (and backed up) copy of my photos should anything untoward ever happen to my iCloud account. +## 服务器/家庭实验室 -It also runs a [Home Assistant][124] instance which runs my (in-progress!) custom integration for the underfloor heating and solar inverter in my house. I haven’t yet spent enough time with Home Assistant, but I plan to get it better set up over the coming months. I recently moved to a house with lots of “smart” devices, and I’d like to bring control of all the various devices into a single application. Once my experimenting is done, I’ll probably move the Home Assistant deployment to a dedicated low-power device. +我的服务器也运行着 NixOS，上面部署了一系列媒体服务和实用工具。尽可能的情况下，所有服务都以"原生"NixOS 模块的形式运行，有些则使用内置的 [NixOS 容器][115] 语言运行在 [systemd-nspawn][114] 容器中。如果我在实验新服务，有时会先用 Docker 运行，特别是当还没有现成的 NixOS 模块时，我需要决定是否值得花时间编写一个！ -This machine’s data is backed up nightly to [Borgbase][125]. As mentioned above, I use [Syncthing][126] to move files around, and I configure this server to act as a “receive only” target for all the directories that I sync. This means that my data is always in at least three places: on my desktop or laptop, on my server, and backed up to Borgbase. Sometimes I’ll ad-hoc access files that aren’t synced to a given machine using [Files][127], which is a nice looking, single PHP-file gallery for your files. I keep meaning to replace this with something that _isn’t PHP_, but I’ve yet to find a more compelling blend of simplicity and compelling user experience. +我使用 [Caddy][116] 作为反向代理（最近从 Traefik 切换过来）。它可以 [直接与 Tailscale 守护进程通信][118]，为你的 tailnet 上的设备颁发 LetsEncrypt 证书。这个 Caddy 实例充当所有运行在服务器上的服务的反向代理，同时还包括我家庭局域网中的一些其他服务，所有通信都通过 TLS 加密。我通常通过 [Homepage][119] 访问这些服务（我之前 [写过相关博客][120]）： -## Summary [#][128] -I don’t know how many other people are interested in how other people use their computers - but I hope you enjoyed the article. Feel free to reach out if you think I could be doing something better, or if you think you’ve got a killer app I might enjoy using! -![Jon Seager](/img/author_hu3d111dc2308fa236e24e25d87c063d2d_261462_660x0_resize_q75_box.jpg) +![使用 gethomepage.dev 的个人仪表盘][140] -Author +每天晚上，我的 iCloud 照片库的内容会通过 [icloud-photos-downloader][123] 进行备份，这样如果我的 iCloud 账户发生任何意外，我仍然可以在本地保留一份照片的备份。 -Jon Seager +它还运行着一个 [Home Assistant][124] 实例，用于管理我房子里的地暖和太阳能逆变器的自定义集成（仍在进行中！）。我还没有花足够的时间在 Home Assistant 上，但我计划在未来几个月内更好地设置它。我最近搬到了一栋有很多"智能"设备的房子，我希望将所有设备的控制集中到一个应用程序中。一旦我的实验完成，我可能会将 Home Assistant 部署迁移到一个专用的低功耗设备上。 + +这台机器的数据每晚都会备份到 [Borgbase][125]。如上所述，我使用 [Syncthing][126] 来同步文件，并将这台服务器配置为所有同步目录的"仅接收"目标。这意味着我的数据始终至少存在于三个地方：我的台式机或笔记本电脑、我的服务器，以及备份到 Borgbase。有时我会使用 [Files][127] 临时访问未同步到某台机器的文件，这是一个外观漂亮、单 PHP 文件的文件画廊。我一直想用**非 PHP** 的东西替换它，但至今还没有找到一个在简洁性和用户体验上更吸引人的替代品。 + +## **总结** -Husband, father, leader, software engineer, geek. +我不知道有多少人对别人如何使用他们的计算机感兴趣——但我希望你喜欢这篇文章。如果你觉得我可以做得更好，或者你有一个杀手级应用推荐给我，请随时联系我！ -[][129][][130][][131][][132] + +作者 +Jon Seager +丈夫、父亲、领导者、软件工程师、极客。 --- -[←→ Workstation VMs with LXD & Multipass 25 June 2024][133] - -[1]: / -[2]: /posts/ -[3]: /2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/ -[4]: #introduction -[5]: #hardware -[6]: #desktop -[7]: #server -[8]: #laptop -[9]: #phone -[10]: #connectivity--security -[11]: #productivity-apps -[12]: #development -[13]: #os--desktop -[14]: #server--homelab -[15]: #summary -[16]: #introduction -[17]: 06.png -[18]: 06.png -[19]: #hardware -[20]: #desktop -[21]: https://www.bequiet.com/en/case/1501 +[←→ 使用 LXD 和 Multipass 的工作站虚拟机 2024 年 6 月 25 日][133] + +[3]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/ [22]: https://www.amd.com/en/products/processors/desktops/ryzen/7000-series/amd-ryzen-9-7950x.html [23]: https://www.xfxforce.com/shop/xfx-speedster-merc310-7900xt [24]: https://www.gskill.com/product/165/390/1665020865/F5-6000J3040G32GX2-TZ5NR @@ -234,28 +206,18 @@ Husband, father, leader, software engineer, geek. [31]: https://www.bequiet.com/en/casefans/3703 [32]: https://www.durgod.com/product/k320-space-gray/ [33]: https://www.razer.com/ap-en/gaming-mice/razer-deathadder-v2-pro -[34]: https://www.samsung.com/uk/monitors/gaming/odyssey-neo-g9-g95nc-57-inch-240hz-curved-dual-uhd-ls57cg952nuxxu/ -[35]: https://www.sony.co.uk/interchangeable-lens-cameras/products/ilme-fx3-body---kit -[36]: https://www.sony.co.uk/electronics/camera-lenses/sel2870 -[37]: https://www.elgato.com/uk/en/p/cam-link-4k -[38]: https://audioengineeu.com/products/audioengine-a2-wireless-bluetooth-computer-speakers-60w-bluetooth-speaker-system-for-home-studio-gaming -[39]: https://rode.com/en/microphones/on-camera/videomic-go-ii [40]: https://www.samsung.com/uk/monitors/gaming/odyssey-neo-g9-g95nc-57-inch-240hz-curved-dual-uhd-ls57cg952nuxxu/ [41]: https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/B0B73XXDP5/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b_search_asin_title?ie=UTF8&psc=1 [42]: https://www.lg.com/us/monitors/lg-27un850-w-4k-uhd-led-monitor -[43]: 01.png -[44]: 01.png +[44]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/01.png [45]: https://canonical.com [46]: https://www.sony.co.uk/interchangeable-lens-cameras/products/ilme-fx3-body---kit [47]: https://www.sony.co.uk/electronics/camera-lenses/sel2870 [48]: https://www.elgato.com/uk/en/p/cam-link-4k [49]: https://rode.com/en/microphones/on-camera/videomic-go-ii [50]: https://audioengineeu.com/products/audioengine-a2-wireless-bluetooth-computer-speakers-60w-bluetooth-speaker-system-for-home-studio-gaming -[51]: #server [52]: https://ark.intel.com/content/www/us/en/ark/products/89187/intel-nuc-kit-nuc6i7kyk.html -[53]: #laptop [54]: https://www.lenovo.com/gb/en/p/laptops/thinkpad/thinkpadz/thinkpad-z13-%2813-inch-amd%29/len101t0036?srsltid=AfmBOor-8ic5yZrW3rlDXTTRwK8r05y-gjCpJK04fA4qtote0u2HZ7I6 -[55]: #phone [56]: https://www.apple.com/uk/iphone-15-pro/ [57]: https://uk.mous.co/products/limitless-5-0-magsafe-compatible-phone-case-aramid_fibre [58]: #connectivity--security @@ -277,21 +239,17 @@ Husband, father, leader, software engineer, geek. [74]: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/multi-account-containers/ [75]: https://nextcloud.com/ [76]: https://github.com/jnsgruk/nextcloud-docker-compose -[77]: https://syncthing.net/ [78]: https://obsidian.md/ [79]: https://blacksmithgu.github.io/obsidian-dataview/ [80]: https://publish.obsidian.md/tasks/Queries/About+Queries [81]: https://zettelkasten.de/introduction/ -[82]: 02.png -[83]: 02.png +[83]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/02.png [84]: https://github.com/SilentVoid13/Templater [85]: https://github.com/chhoumann/quickadd [86]: https://github.com/scambier/obsidian-omnisearch [87]: https://github.com/platers/obsidian-linter [88]: https://todoist.com/ -[89]: 03.png -[90]: 03.png -[91]: #development +[90]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/03.png [92]: https://alacritty.org/ [93]: https://code.visualstudio.com/ [94]: https://neovim.io/ @@ -299,21 +257,16 @@ Husband, father, leader, software engineer, geek. [96]: https://github.com/itchyny/lightline.vim [97]: https://github.com/nvim-telescope/telescope.nvim [98]: https://github.com/nvim-tree/nvim-tree.lua -[99]: 04.png -[100]: 04.png +[100]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/04.png [101]: https://www.sublimemerge.com/ [102]: https://www.sublimetext.com/ -[103]: 05.png -[104]: 05.png -[105]: #os--desktop +[104]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/05.png [106]: https://www.knopper.net/knoppix/index-en.html [107]: https://swaywm.org/ [108]: https://hyprland.org/ [109]: https://github.com/catppuccin/catppuccin [110]: https://github.com/jnsgruk/nixos-config -[111]: 07.png -[112]: 07.png -[113]: #server--homelab +[112]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/07.png [114]: https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/latest/systemd-nspawn.html [115]: https://nixos.wiki/wiki/NixOS_Containers [116]: https://caddyserver.com/ @@ -321,16 +274,22 @@ Husband, father, leader, software engineer, geek. [118]: https://tailscale.com/kb/1190/caddy-certificates [119]: https://gethomepage.dev/latest/ [120]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/03/a-homelab-dashboard-for-nixos/ -[121]: 08.png -[122]: 08.png +[122]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/08.png [123]: https://github.com/icloud-photos-downloader/icloud_photos_downloader [124]: https://www.home-assistant.io/ [125]: https://www.borgbase.com/ [126]: https://syncthing.net/ [127]: https://www.files.gallery/ -[128]: #summary [129]: https://github.com/jnsgruk [130]: https://hachyderm.io/@jnsgruk [131]: https://linkedin.com/in/jnsgruk [132]: https://t.me/jnsgruk -[133]: /2024/06/desktop-vms-lxd-multipass/ \ No newline at end of file +[133]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/06/desktop-vms-lxd-multipass/ +[134]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/06_hu19d68ad61b5dede6fd1f1d19283c6ff2_18899216_660x0_resize_box_3.png +[135]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/01_hu930cbab5a5dfad6c7189f290c5bed7dd_1798110_660x0_resize_box_3.png +[136]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/02_huf93b0c707cf46312a8fd9228e1b4cdb5_92067_660x0_resize_box_3.png +[137]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/03_hu961bfa5d6384c4efa7dfa90c87eca21a_361619_660x0_resize_box_3.png +[138]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/04_hu05bf6628177fb41deef80d4a55f42632_404501_660x0_resize_box_3.png +[139]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/05_hu2d6d25863bc408587fe8518d526b1cf7_752958_660x0_resize_box_3.png +[140]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/08_hu7f790721995065d374827ee567548c83_94865_660x0_resize_box_3.png +[141]: https://jnsgr.uk/2024/07/how-i-computer-in-2024/07_hu19d68ad61b5dede6fd1f1d19283c6ff2_2075377_660x0_resize_box_3.png