Fix x86_64 build in the CI release pipeline (#3033)

Fixes CI pipeline issues that occurred during the 0.44.0 release ([see
this actions
run](https://github.com/FuelLabs/fuel-core/actions/runs/15260746240/job/43155736997)).
Turns out the Linux version used by the default cargo cross image has an
outdated and known-buggy GCC version. Compiling everything under a
recent unmodified Ubuntu just works. I fixed the release itself
manually, and this PR simply changes the CI pipeline to not produce that
issue in the future.

Author: Dentosal

.changes/changed/3033.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Use ubuntu:24.04 to build x86_64 binary

ci/Dockerfile.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-clang

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-FROM ghcr.io/cross-rs/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu:main@sha256:bf0cd3027befe882feb5a2b4040dc6dbdcb799b25c5338342a03163cea43da1b
+FROM ubuntu:22.04
 
 RUN apt-get update && \
-    apt-get install --assume-yes clang libclang-dev binutils-aarch64-linux-gnu
+    apt-get install --assume-yes make clang libclang-dev ca-certificates && \
+    update-ca-certificates