diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci_tests.yaml b/.github/workflows/ci_tests.yaml
index 976d080ccfa..7fc228f58a2 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci_tests.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci_tests.yaml
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@ jobs:
         include:
           # Python 3.11 + core packages (minimum supported versions) + optional packages (minimum supported versions if any)
           - python-version: '3.11'
-            numpy-version: '1.26'
+            numpy-version: '2.0'
             pandas-version: '=2.2'
-            xarray-version: '=2023.10'
+            xarray-version: '=2024.5'
             optional-packages: ' contextily geopandas ipython pyarrow-core rioxarray netCDF4 sphinx-gallery'
           # Python 3.13 + core packages (latest versions) + optional packages
           - python-version: '3.13'
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci_tests_legacy.yaml b/.github/workflows/ci_tests_legacy.yaml
index 239a6fd5116..99e961ed181 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci_tests_legacy.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci_tests_legacy.yaml
@@ -61,9 +61,9 @@ jobs:
             python=3.11
             gmt=${{ matrix.gmt_version }}
             ghostscript
-            numpy=1.26
+            numpy=2.0
             pandas=2.2
-            xarray=2023.10
+            xarray=2024.5
             packaging=24.2
             contextily=1.5
             geopandas=1.0
diff --git a/environment.yml b/environment.yml
index 5ab8f6cb94b..bc4722dcf09 100644
--- a/environment.yml
+++ b/environment.yml
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ dependencies:
     # Required dependencies
     - gmt=6.6.0
     - ghostscript=10.06.0
-    - numpy>=1.26
+    - numpy>=2.0
     - pandas>=2.2
-    - xarray>=2023.10
+    - xarray>=2024.5
     - packaging>=24.2
     # Optional dependencies
     - contextily>=1.5
diff --git a/pygmt/conftest.py b/pygmt/conftest.py
deleted file mode 100644
index ee491b7f8bc..00000000000
--- a/pygmt/conftest.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-"""
-conftest.py for pytest.
-"""
-
-import numpy as np
-from packaging.version import Version
-
-# TODO(NumPy>=2.0): Remove the conftest.py file.
-# Address https://github.com/GenericMappingTools/pygmt/issues/2628.
-if Version(np.__version__) >= Version("2.0.0.dev0+git20230726"):
-    np.set_printoptions(legacy="1.25")  # type: ignore[arg-type]
diff --git a/pygmt/datatypes/image.py b/pygmt/datatypes/image.py
index 2d6012a152d..3978e50ac36 100644
--- a/pygmt/datatypes/image.py
+++ b/pygmt/datatypes/image.py
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ class _GMT_IMAGE(ctp.Structure):  # noqa: N801
     >>> data.shape
     (180, 360, 3)
     >>> data.min(), data.max()
-    (10, 255)
+    (np.uint8(10), np.uint8(255))
     """
 
     _fields_: ClassVar = [
@@ -145,7 +145,8 @@ def to_xarray(self) -> xr.DataArray:
                 ...,
                 [177, 179, 179, ..., 178, 177, 177],
                 [185, 187, 187, ..., 187, 186, 185],
-                [189, 191, 191, ..., 191, 191, 189]]], dtype=uint8)
+                [189, 191, 191, ..., 191, 191, 189]]],
+              shape=(3, 180, 360), dtype=uint8)
         Coordinates:
           * band     (band) uint8 3B 1 2 3
           * y        (y) float64 1kB 89.5 88.5 87.5 86.5 ... -86.5 -87.5 -88.5 -89.5
@@ -155,7 +156,7 @@ def to_xarray(self) -> xr.DataArray:
 
         >>> da.coords["x"]  # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
         <xarray.DataArray 'x' (x: 360)> Size: 3kB
-        array([-179.5, -178.5, -177.5, ...,  177.5,  178.5,  179.5])
+        array([-179.5, -178.5, -177.5, ...,  177.5,  178.5,  179.5], shape=(360,))
         Coordinates:
           * x        (x) float64 3kB -179.5 -178.5 -177.5 -176.5 ... 177.5 178.5 179.5
         Attributes:
diff --git a/pygmt/tests/test_clib_to_numpy.py b/pygmt/tests/test_clib_to_numpy.py
index 4c228f7b0e5..e04f732bb3d 100644
--- a/pygmt/tests/test_clib_to_numpy.py
+++ b/pygmt/tests/test_clib_to_numpy.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 """
 
 import datetime
-import sys
 
 import numpy as np
 import numpy.testing as npt
@@ -52,14 +51,7 @@ def _check_result(result, expected_dtype):
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ("data", "expected_dtype"),
     [
-        # TODO(NumPy>=2.0): Remove the if-else statement after NumPy>=2.0.
-        pytest.param(
-            [1, 2, 3],
-            np.int32
-            if sys.platform == "win32" and Version(np.__version__) < Version("2.0")
-            else np.int64,
-            id="int",
-        ),
+        pytest.param([1, 2, 3], np.int64, id="int"),
         pytest.param([1.0, 2.0, 3.0], np.float64, id="float"),
         pytest.param(
             [complex(+1), complex(-2j), complex("-Infinity+NaNj")],
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 8dd8a656f01..8a03f58b1a5 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@ classifiers = [
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
 ]
 dependencies = [
-    "numpy>=1.26",
+    "numpy>=2.0",
     "pandas>=2.2",
-    "xarray>=2023.10",
+    "xarray>=2024.5",
     "packaging>=24.2",
 ]
 dynamic = ["version"]
diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index de229b8acb2..804519b48c8 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Required packages
-numpy>=1.26
+numpy>=2.0
 pandas>=2.2
-xarray>=2023.10
+xarray>=2024.5
 packaging>=24.2