diff --git a/.php-cs-fixer.dist.php b/.php-cs-fixer.dist.php
index b2adc48a14..04464fb557 100644
--- a/.php-cs-fixer.dist.php
+++ b/.php-cs-fixer.dist.php
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
     ->setFinder(
         PhpCsFixer\Finder::create()
             ->in(__DIR__)
+            ->exclude(['generated'])
     )
 ;
 
diff --git a/spanner/composer.json b/spanner/composer.json
index efc487c7d5..f06d93f93f 100755
--- a/spanner/composer.json
+++ b/spanner/composer.json
@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 {
     "require": {
-        "google/cloud-spanner": "^1.74"
+        "google/cloud-spanner": "^1.97"
+    },
+    "autoload": {
+        "psr-4": {
+            "GPBMetadata\\": "generated/GPBMetadata",
+            "Testing\\": "generated/Testing"
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/spanner/data/user.pb b/spanner/data/user.pb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..24d5e09203
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spanner/data/user.pb
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+
+¡
+data/user.prototesting.data"­

+User
+id
 
(Rid
+name 
(	Rname
+active 
(Ractive4
+address 
(2.testing.data.User.AddressRaddress3
+Address
+city
 
(	Rcity
+state 
(	Rstate"H
+Book
+title
 
(	Rtitle*
+author 
(2.testing.data.UserRauthorbproto3
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/spanner/data/user.proto b/spanner/data/user.proto
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9fd405ecab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spanner/data/user.proto
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+package testing.data;
+
+message User {
+
+  int64 id = 1;
+
+  string name = 2;
+
+  bool active = 3;
+
+  message Address {
+
+    string city = 1;
+
+    string state = 2;
+  }
+
+  Address address = 4;
+}
+
+
+message Book {
+  string title = 1;
+
+  User author = 2;
+}
diff --git a/spanner/generated/GPBMetadata/Data/User.php b/spanner/generated/GPBMetadata/Data/User.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6cafee1118
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spanner/generated/GPBMetadata/Data/User.php
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<?php
+# Generated by the protocol buffer compiler.  DO NOT EDIT!
+# NO CHECKED-IN PROTOBUF GENCODE
+# source: data/user.proto
+
+namespace GPBMetadata\Data;
+
+class User
+{
+    public static $is_initialized = false;
+
+    public static function initOnce() {
+        $pool = \Google\Protobuf\Internal\DescriptorPool::getGeneratedPool();
+
+        if (static::$is_initialized == true) {
+          return;
+        }
+        $pool->internalAddGeneratedFile(
+            "\x0A\xEA\x01\x0A\x0Fdata/user.proto\x12\x0Ctesting.data\"\x85\x01\x0A\x04User\x12\x0A\x0A\x02id\x18\x01 \x01(\x03\x12\x0C\x0A\x04name\x18\x02 \x01(\x09\x12\x0E\x0A\x06active\x18\x03 \x01(\x08\x12+\x0A\x07address\x18\x04 \x01(\x0B2\x1A.testing.data.User.Address\x1A&\x0A\x07Address\x12\x0C\x0A\x04city\x18\x01 \x01(\x09\x12\x0D\x0A\x05state\x18\x02 \x01(\x09\"9\x0A\x04Book\x12\x0D\x0A\x05title\x18\x01 \x01(\x09\x12\"\x0A\x06author\x18\x02 \x01(\x0B2\x12.testing.data.Userb\x06proto3"
+        , true);
+
+        static::$is_initialized = true;
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/spanner/generated/Testing/Data/Book.php b/spanner/generated/Testing/Data/Book.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..380fd237f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spanner/generated/Testing/Data/Book.php
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+<?php
+# Generated by the protocol buffer compiler.  DO NOT EDIT!
+# NO CHECKED-IN PROTOBUF GENCODE
+# source: data/user.proto
+
+namespace Testing\Data;
+
+use Google\Protobuf\Internal\GPBType;
+use Google\Protobuf\Internal\RepeatedField;
+use Google\Protobuf\Internal\GPBUtil;
+
+/**
+ * Generated from protobuf message <code>testing.data.Book</code>
+ */
+class Book extends \Google\Protobuf\Internal\Message
+{
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>string title = 1;</code>
+     */
+    protected $title = '';
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>.testing.data.User author = 2;</code>
+     */
+    protected $author = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor.
+     *
+     * @param array $data {
+     *     Optional. Data for populating the Message object.
+     *
+     *     @type string $title
+     *     @type \Testing\Data\User $author
+     * }
+     */
+    public function __construct($data = NULL) {
+        \GPBMetadata\Data\User::initOnce();
+        parent::__construct($data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>string title = 1;</code>
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public function getTitle()
+    {
+        return $this->title;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>string title = 1;</code>
+     * @param string $var
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setTitle($var)
+    {
+        GPBUtil::checkString($var, True);
+        $this->title = $var;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>.testing.data.User author = 2;</code>
+     * @return \Testing\Data\User|null
+     */
+    public function getAuthor()
+    {
+        return $this->author;
+    }
+
+    public function hasAuthor()
+    {
+        return isset($this->author);
+    }
+
+    public function clearAuthor()
+    {
+        unset($this->author);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>.testing.data.User author = 2;</code>
+     * @param \Testing\Data\User $var
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setAuthor($var)
+    {
+        GPBUtil::checkMessage($var, \Testing\Data\User::class);
+        $this->author = $var;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+}
+
diff --git a/spanner/generated/Testing/Data/User.php b/spanner/generated/Testing/Data/User.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f093dff02c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spanner/generated/Testing/Data/User.php
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+<?php
+# Generated by the protocol buffer compiler.  DO NOT EDIT!
+# NO CHECKED-IN PROTOBUF GENCODE
+# source: data/user.proto
+
+namespace Testing\Data;
+
+use Google\Protobuf\Internal\GPBType;
+use Google\Protobuf\Internal\RepeatedField;
+use Google\Protobuf\Internal\GPBUtil;
+
+/**
+ * Generated from protobuf message <code>testing.data.User</code>
+ */
+class User extends \Google\Protobuf\Internal\Message
+{
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>int64 id = 1;</code>
+     */
+    protected $id = 0;
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>string name = 2;</code>
+     */
+    protected $name = '';
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>bool active = 3;</code>
+     */
+    protected $active = false;
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>.testing.data.User.Address address = 4;</code>
+     */
+    protected $address = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor.
+     *
+     * @param array $data {
+     *     Optional. Data for populating the Message object.
+     *
+     *     @type int|string $id
+     *     @type string $name
+     *     @type bool $active
+     *     @type \Testing\Data\User\Address $address
+     * }
+     */
+    public function __construct($data = NULL) {
+        \GPBMetadata\Data\User::initOnce();
+        parent::__construct($data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>int64 id = 1;</code>
+     * @return int|string
+     */
+    public function getId()
+    {
+        return $this->id;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>int64 id = 1;</code>
+     * @param int|string $var
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setId($var)
+    {
+        GPBUtil::checkInt64($var);
+        $this->id = $var;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>string name = 2;</code>
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public function getName()
+    {
+        return $this->name;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>string name = 2;</code>
+     * @param string $var
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setName($var)
+    {
+        GPBUtil::checkString($var, True);
+        $this->name = $var;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>bool active = 3;</code>
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    public function getActive()
+    {
+        return $this->active;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>bool active = 3;</code>
+     * @param bool $var
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setActive($var)
+    {
+        GPBUtil::checkBool($var);
+        $this->active = $var;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>.testing.data.User.Address address = 4;</code>
+     * @return \Testing\Data\User\Address|null
+     */
+    public function getAddress()
+    {
+        return $this->address;
+    }
+
+    public function hasAddress()
+    {
+        return isset($this->address);
+    }
+
+    public function clearAddress()
+    {
+        unset($this->address);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>.testing.data.User.Address address = 4;</code>
+     * @param \Testing\Data\User\Address $var
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setAddress($var)
+    {
+        GPBUtil::checkMessage($var, \Testing\Data\User\Address::class);
+        $this->address = $var;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+}
+
diff --git a/spanner/generated/Testing/Data/User/Address.php b/spanner/generated/Testing/Data/User/Address.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d2391e7a62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spanner/generated/Testing/Data/User/Address.php
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+<?php
+# Generated by the protocol buffer compiler.  DO NOT EDIT!
+# NO CHECKED-IN PROTOBUF GENCODE
+# source: data/user.proto
+
+namespace Testing\Data\User;
+
+use Google\Protobuf\Internal\GPBType;
+use Google\Protobuf\Internal\RepeatedField;
+use Google\Protobuf\Internal\GPBUtil;
+
+/**
+ * Generated from protobuf message <code>testing.data.User.Address</code>
+ */
+class Address extends \Google\Protobuf\Internal\Message
+{
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>string city = 1;</code>
+     */
+    protected $city = '';
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>string state = 2;</code>
+     */
+    protected $state = '';
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor.
+     *
+     * @param array $data {
+     *     Optional. Data for populating the Message object.
+     *
+     *     @type string $city
+     *     @type string $state
+     * }
+     */
+    public function __construct($data = NULL) {
+        \GPBMetadata\Data\User::initOnce();
+        parent::__construct($data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>string city = 1;</code>
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public function getCity()
+    {
+        return $this->city;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>string city = 1;</code>
+     * @param string $var
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setCity($var)
+    {
+        GPBUtil::checkString($var, True);
+        $this->city = $var;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>string state = 2;</code>
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public function getState()
+    {
+        return $this->state;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generated from protobuf field <code>string state = 2;</code>
+     * @param string $var
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    public function setState($var)
+    {
+        GPBUtil::checkString($var, True);
+        $this->state = $var;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+}
+
diff --git a/spanner/src/create_database_with_proto_columns.php b/spanner/src/create_database_with_proto_columns.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e305ff2506
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spanner/src/create_database_with_proto_columns.php
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Copyright 2025 Google Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * For instructions on how to run the full sample:
+ *
+ * @see https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/php-docs-samples/tree/main/spanner/README.md
+ */
+
+namespace Google\Cloud\Samples\Spanner;
+
+// [START spanner_create_database_with_proto_columns]
+use Google\Cloud\Spanner\Admin\Database\V1\Client\DatabaseAdminClient;
+use Google\Cloud\Spanner\Admin\Database\V1\CreateDatabaseRequest;
+
+/**
+ * Creates a database and tables for sample data using proto columns.
+ * Example:
+ * ```
+ * create_database_with_proto_columns($instanceId, $databaseId);
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @param string $projectId The Google Cloud project ID.
+ * @param string $instanceId The Spanner instance ID.
+ * @param string $databaseId The Spanner database ID.
+ */
+function create_database_with_proto_columns(
+    string $projectId,
+    string $instanceId,
+    string $databaseId
+): void {
+    // The result of running `protoc` with `--descriptor_set_out` on your proto file(s)
+    $fileDescriptorSet = file_get_contents('data/user.pb');
+
+    $databaseAdminClient = new DatabaseAdminClient();
+    $instance = $databaseAdminClient->instanceName($projectId, $instanceId);
+
+    $operation = $databaseAdminClient->createDatabase(
+        new CreateDatabaseRequest([
+            'parent' => $instance,
+            'create_statement' => sprintf('CREATE DATABASE `%s`', $databaseId),
+            'proto_descriptors' => $fileDescriptorSet,
+            'extra_statements' => [
+                'CREATE PROTO BUNDLE (' .
+                    'testing.data.User,' .
+                    'testing.data.User.Address,' .
+                    'testing.data.Book' .
+                ')',
+                'CREATE TABLE Users (' .
+                    'Id INT64,' .
+                    'User `testing.data.User`,' .
+                    'Books ARRAY<`testing.data.Book`>,' .
+                ') PRIMARY KEY (Id)'
+            ],
+        ])
+    );
+
+    print('Waiting for operation to complete...' . PHP_EOL);
+    $operation->pollUntilComplete();
+
+    printf('Created database %s on instance %s' . PHP_EOL, $databaseId, $instanceId);
+}
+// [END spanner_create_database_with_proto_columns]
+
+// The following 2 lines are only needed to run the samples
+require_once __DIR__ . '/../../testing/sample_helpers.php';
+\Google\Cloud\Samples\execute_sample(__FILE__, __NAMESPACE__, $argv);
diff --git a/spanner/src/insert_data_with_proto_columns.php b/spanner/src/insert_data_with_proto_columns.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bcb826006b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spanner/src/insert_data_with_proto_columns.php
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Copyright 2025 Google Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * For instructions on how to run the full sample:
+ *
+ * @see https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/php-docs-samples/tree/main/spanner/README.md
+ */
+
+namespace Google\Cloud\Samples\Spanner;
+
+// [START spanner_insert_data_with_proto_columns]
+use Google\Cloud\Spanner\SpannerClient;
+use Google\Cloud\Spanner\Proto;
+use Testing\Data\User;
+use Testing\Data\Book;
+
+/**
+ * Inserts sample data that can be used to test proto columns in queries.
+ *
+ * The database and table must already exist and can be created using
+ * `create_database`.
+ * Example:
+ * ```
+ * insert_data_with_proto_columns($instanceId, $databaseId, 1);
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @param string $instanceId The Spanner instance ID.
+ * @param string $databaseId The Spanner database ID.
+ * @param int $userId The ID of the user to insert.
+ */
+function insert_data_with_proto_columns(
+    string $instanceId,
+    string $databaseId,
+    int $userId = 1,
+): void {
+    $spanner = new SpannerClient();
+    $database = $spanner->instance($instanceId)->database($databaseId);
+
+    $address = (new User\Address())
+        ->setCity('San Francisco')
+        ->setState('CA');
+    $user = (new User())
+        ->setName('Test User ' . $userId)
+        ->setAddress($address);
+
+    $book1 = new Book([
+        'title' => 'Book 1',
+        'author' => new User(['name' => 'Author of Book 1']),
+    ]);
+    $book2 = new Book([
+        'title' => 'Book 2',
+        'author' => new User(['name' => 'Author of Book 2']),
+    ]);
+
+    $books = [
+        // insert using the proto message
+        $book1,
+        // insert using the Proto wrapper class
+        new Proto(
+            base64_encode($book2->serializeToString()),
+            'testing.data.Book'
+        ),
+    ];
+
+    $transaction = $database->transaction(['singleUse' => true])
+        ->insertBatch('Users', [
+            ['Id' => $userId, 'User' => $user, 'Books' => $books],
+        ]);
+    $transaction->commit();
+
+    print('Inserted data.' . PHP_EOL);
+}
+// [END spanner_insert_data_with_proto_columns]
+
+// The following 2 lines are only needed to run the samples
+require_once __DIR__ . '/../../testing/sample_helpers.php';
+\Google\Cloud\Samples\execute_sample(__FILE__, __NAMESPACE__, $argv);
diff --git a/spanner/src/list_instance_configs.php b/spanner/src/list_instance_configs.php
index d795c3aa3d..5d588b6b13 100644
--- a/spanner/src/list_instance_configs.php
+++ b/spanner/src/list_instance_configs.php
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
  *
  * @param string $projectId The Google Cloud project ID.
  */
-function list_instance_configs(string $projectId = null): void
+function list_instance_configs(string $projectId): void
 {
     $instanceAdminClient = new InstanceAdminClient();
     $projectName = InstanceAdminClient::projectName($projectId);
diff --git a/spanner/src/query_data_with_proto_columns.php b/spanner/src/query_data_with_proto_columns.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2ae1795805
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spanner/src/query_data_with_proto_columns.php
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Copyright 2025 Google Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * For instructions on how to run the full sample:
+ *
+ * @see https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/php-docs-samples/tree/main/spanner/README.md
+ */
+
+namespace Google\Cloud\Samples\Spanner;
+
+use Google\Cloud\Spanner\SpannerClient;
+use Google\Cloud\Spanner\Proto;
+use Testing\Data\User;
+use Testing\Data\Book;
+
+/**
+ * Queries sample data from the database using proto columns.
+ * Example:
+ * ```
+ * query_data_with_proto_columns($instanceId, $databaseId, $userId);
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @param string $instanceId The Spanner instance ID.
+ * @param string $databaseId The Spanner database ID.
+ * @param int $userId The ID of the user to query.
+ */
+function query_data_with_proto_columns(
+    string $instanceId,
+    string $databaseId,
+    int $userId = 1
+): void {
+    // [START spanner_query_data_with_proto_columns]
+    $spanner = new SpannerClient();
+    $database = $spanner->instance($instanceId)->database($databaseId);
+
+    $userProto = (new User())
+        ->setName('Test User ' . $userId);
+
+    $results = $database->execute(
+        'SELECT * FROM Users, UNNEST(Books) as Book '
+        . 'WHERE User.name = @user.name '
+        . 'AND Book.title = @bookTitle',
+        [
+            'parameters' => [
+                'user' => $userProto,
+                'bookTitle' => 'Book 1',
+            ],
+        ]
+    );
+    foreach ($results as $row) {
+        /** @var User $user */
+        $user = $row['User']->get();
+        // Print the decoded Protobuf message as JSON
+        printf('User: %s' . PHP_EOL, $user->serializeToJsonString());
+        /** @var Proto<Book> $book */
+        foreach ($row['Books'] ?? [] as $book) {
+            // Print the raw row value
+            printf('Book: %s (%s)' . PHP_EOL, $book->getValue(), $book->getProtoTypeFqn());
+        }
+    }
+    // [END spanner_query_data_with_proto_columns]
+}
+
+// The following 2 lines are only needed to run the samples
+require_once __DIR__ . '/../../testing/sample_helpers.php';
+\Google\Cloud\Samples\execute_sample(__FILE__, __NAMESPACE__, $argv);
diff --git a/spanner/test/spannerProtoTest.php b/spanner/test/spannerProtoTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dc64dfcf00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spanner/test/spannerProtoTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+namespace Google\Cloud\Samples\Spanner;
+
+use Google\Cloud\Spanner\SpannerClient;
+use Google\Cloud\Spanner\Instance;
+use Google\Cloud\TestUtils\EventuallyConsistentTestTrait;
+use Google\Cloud\TestUtils\TestTrait;
+use PHPUnitRetry\RetryTrait;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+
+/**
+ * @retryAttempts 3
+ * @retryDelayMethod exponentialBackoff
+ */
+class spannerProtoTest extends TestCase
+{
+    use TestTrait {
+        TestTrait::runFunctionSnippet as traitRunFunctionSnippet;
+    }
+
+    use RetryTrait, EventuallyConsistentTestTrait;
+
+    /** @var string $instanceId */
+    protected static $instanceId;
+
+    /** @var string $databaseId */
+    protected static $databaseId;
+
+    /** @var Instance $instance */
+    protected static $instance;
+
+    public static function setUpBeforeClass(): void
+    {
+        self::checkProjectEnvVars();
+
+        if (!extension_loaded('grpc')) {
+            self::markTestSkipped('Must enable grpc extension.');
+        }
+
+        $spanner = new SpannerClient([
+            'projectId' => self::$projectId,
+        ]);
+
+        self::$instanceId = 'proto-test-' . time() . rand();
+        self::$databaseId = 'proto-db-' . time() . rand();
+        self::$instance = $spanner->instance(self::$instanceId);
+
+        // Create the instance for testing
+        $operation = $spanner->createInstance(
+            $spanner->instanceConfiguration('regional-us-central1'),
+            self::$instanceId,
+            [
+                'displayName' => 'Proto Test Instance',
+                'nodeCount' => 1,
+                'labels' => [
+                    'cloud_spanner_samples' => true,
+                ]
+            ]
+        );
+        $operation->pollUntilComplete();
+    }
+
+    public function testCreateDatabaseWithProtoColumns()
+    {
+        $output = $this->runFunctionSnippet('create_database_with_proto_columns', [
+            self::$projectId,
+            self::$instanceId,
+            self::$databaseId
+        ]);
+
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Waiting for operation to complete...', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString(sprintf('Created database %s on instance %s', self::$databaseId, self::$instanceId), $output);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @depends testCreateDatabaseWithProtoColumns
+     */
+    public function testInsertDataWithProtoColumns()
+    {
+        $output = $this->runFunctionSnippet('insert_data_with_proto_columns', [
+            self::$instanceId,
+            self::$databaseId,
+            1 // User ID
+        ]);
+
+        $this->assertEquals('Inserted data.' . PHP_EOL, $output);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @depends testInsertDataWithProtoColumns
+     */
+    public function testQueryDataWithProtoColumns()
+    {
+        $output = $this->runFunctionSnippet('query_data_with_proto_columns', [
+            self::$instanceId,
+            self::$databaseId,
+            1 // User ID
+        ]);
+
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('User:', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Test User 1', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Book:', $output);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('testing.data.Book', $output);
+    }
+
+    public static function tearDownAfterClass(): void
+    {
+        if (self::$instance->exists()) {
+            // Clean up database
+            $database = self::$instance->database(self::$databaseId);
+            if ($database->exists()) {
+                $database->drop();
+            }
+            self::$instance->delete();
+        }
+    }
+}