Castling legal moves implementation (#86)

* tests for castling legal moves

* implementation for castling legal moves

* fixed clang tidy - variables names too short

Author: Hardcode3

include/bitbishop/movegen/castling_moves.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <bitbishop/attacks/generate_attacks.hpp>
+#include <bitbishop/board.hpp>
+#include <bitbishop/color.hpp>
+#include <bitbishop/move.hpp>
+#include <bitbishop/movegen/pins.hpp>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+/**
+ * @brief Generates all legal castling moves for the given side.
+ *
+ * Adds king-side and queen-side castling moves if and only if:
+ * - The side is not currently in check
+ * - The corresponding castling right is available
+ * - The king and rook are on their initial squares
+ * - All squares between the king and rook are empty
+ * - The squares the king passes through and lands on are not attacked
+ *
+ * This function does not move any pieces. Castling is emitted as a king move
+ * with the castling flag set; rook movement is handled during move execution.
+ *
+ * @param moves Vector to append generated castling moves to
+ * @param board Current board position
+ * @param us Color of the side to generate castling moves for
+ * @param checkers Bitboard of pieces currently checking the king
+ * @param enemy_attacks Bitboard of squares attacked by the opponent
+ */
+void generate_castling_moves(std::vector<Move>& moves, const Board& board, Color us, const Bitboard& checkers,
+                             const Bitboard& enemy_attacks) {
+  using namespace Squares;
+
+  if (checkers.any()) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const Square king_from = (us == Color::WHITE) ? E1 : E8;
+
+  if (board.can_castle_kingside(us)) {
+    Square f_square = (us == Color::WHITE) ? F1 : F8;
+    Square g_square = (us == Color::WHITE) ? G1 : G8;
+
+    if (!enemy_attacks.test(f_square) && !enemy_attacks.test(g_square)) {
+      moves.emplace_back(king_from, g_square, std::nullopt, false, false, true);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (board.can_castle_queenside(us)) {
+    Square d_square = (us == Color::WHITE) ? D1 : D8;
+    Square c_square = (us == Color::WHITE) ? C1 : C8;
+
+    if (!enemy_attacks.test(d_square) && !enemy_attacks.test(c_square)) {
+      moves.emplace_back(king_from, c_square, std::nullopt, false, false, true);
+    }
+  }
+}