Merge branch 'master' into stack_array_improve

Author: Hardvan

DIRECTORY.md

@@ -523,22 +523,29 @@
           * Recursion
             * [GenerateSubsets](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/Recursion/GenerateSubsets.java)
           * scheduling
+            * [AgingScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/AgingScheduling.java)
             * diskscheduling
               * [CircularLookScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/diskscheduling/CircularLookScheduling.java)
               * [CircularScanScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/diskscheduling/CircularScanScheduling.java)
               * [LookScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/diskscheduling/LookScheduling.java)
               * [ScanScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/diskscheduling/ScanScheduling.java)
               * [SSFScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/diskscheduling/SSFScheduling.java)
             * [EDFScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/EDFScheduling.java)
+            * [FairShareScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/FairShareScheduling.java)
             * [FCFSScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/FCFSScheduling.java)
+            * [GangScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/GangScheduling.java)
             * [HighestResponseRatioNextScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/HighestResponseRatioNextScheduling.java)
             * [JobSchedulingWithDeadline](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/JobSchedulingWithDeadline.java)
             * [LotteryScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/LotteryScheduling.java)
             * [MLFQScheduler](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/MLFQScheduler.java)
+            * [MultiAgentScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/MultiAgentScheduling.java)
             * [NonPreemptivePriorityScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/NonPreemptivePriorityScheduling.java)
             * [PreemptivePriorityScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/PreemptivePriorityScheduling.java)
+            * [ProportionalFairScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/ProportionalFairScheduling.java)
             * [RRScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/RRScheduling.java)
+            * [SelfAdjustingScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/SelfAdjustingScheduling.java)
             * [SJFScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/SJFScheduling.java)
+            * [SlackTimeScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/SlackTimeScheduling.java)
             * [SRTFScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/SRTFScheduling.java)
           * searches
             * [BinarySearch](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/searches/BinarySearch.java)
@@ -1118,22 +1125,29 @@
           * Recursion
             * [GenerateSubsetsTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/Recursion/GenerateSubsetsTest.java)
           * scheduling
+            * [AgingSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/AgingSchedulingTest.java)
             * diskscheduling
               * [CircularLookSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/diskscheduling/CircularLookSchedulingTest.java)
               * [CircularScanSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/diskscheduling/CircularScanSchedulingTest.java)
               * [LookSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/diskscheduling/LookSchedulingTest.java)
               * [ScanSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/diskscheduling/ScanSchedulingTest.java)
               * [SSFSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/diskscheduling/SSFSchedulingTest.java)
             * [EDFSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/EDFSchedulingTest.java)
+            * [FairShareSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/FairShareSchedulingTest.java)
             * [FCFSSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/FCFSSchedulingTest.java)
+            * [GangSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/GangSchedulingTest.java)
             * [HighestResponseRatioNextSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/HighestResponseRatioNextSchedulingTest.java)
             * [JobSchedulingWithDeadlineTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/JobSchedulingWithDeadlineTest.java)
             * [LotterySchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/LotterySchedulingTest.java)
             * [MLFQSchedulerTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/MLFQSchedulerTest.java)
+            * [MultiAgentSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/MultiAgentSchedulingTest.java)
             * [NonPreemptivePrioritySchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/NonPreemptivePrioritySchedulingTest.java)
             * [PreemptivePrioritySchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/PreemptivePrioritySchedulingTest.java)
+            * [ProportionalFairSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/ProportionalFairSchedulingTest.java)
             * [RRSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/RRSchedulingTest.java)
+            * [SelfAdjustingSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/SelfAdjustingSchedulingTest.java)
             * [SJFSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/SJFSchedulingTest.java)
+            * [SlackTimeSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/SlackTimeSchedulingTest.java)
             * [SRTFSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/SRTFSchedulingTest.java)
           * searches
             * [BinarySearch2dArrayTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/searches/BinarySearch2dArrayTest.java)

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/lists/SortedLinkedList.java

@@ -4,24 +4,42 @@
 import java.util.List;
 
 /**
- * A SortedLinkedList is a data structure that maintains a sorted list of elements.
- * Elements are ordered based on their natural ordering or by a Comparator provided at the time of creation.
- * This implementation uses a singly linked list to store the elements.
- * Further details can be found on this link
+ * The SortedLinkedList class represents a singly linked list that maintains its elements in sorted order.
+ * Elements are ordered based on their natural ordering, with smaller elements at the head and larger elements toward the tail.
+ * The class provides methods for inserting, deleting, and searching elements, as well as checking if the list is empty.
+ * <p>
+ * This implementation utilizes a singly linked list to maintain a dynamically sorted list.
+ * </p>
+ * <p>
+ * Further information can be found here:
  * https://runestone.academy/ns/books/published/cppds/LinearLinked/ImplementinganOrderedList.html
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * <b>Usage Example:</b>
+ * <pre>
+ *     SortedLinkedList list = new SortedLinkedList();
+ *     list.insert(10);
+ *     list.insert(5);
+ *     list.insert(20);
+ *     System.out.println(list); // Outputs: [5, 10, 20]
+ * </pre>
  */
 public class SortedLinkedList {
     private Node head;
     private Node tail;
 
+    /**
+     * Initializes an empty sorted linked list.
+     */
     public SortedLinkedList() {
         this.head = null;
         this.tail = null;
     }
 
     /**
-     * Inserts a new element into the sorted linked list.
-     * @param value the value to be inserted
+     * Inserts a new integer into the list, maintaining sorted order.
+     *
+     * @param value the integer to insert
      */
     public void insert(int value) {
         Node newNode = new Node(value);
@@ -48,16 +66,10 @@ public void insert(int value) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Displays the elements of the sorted linked list.
-     */
-    public void display() {
-        System.out.println(this.toString());
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Deletes the first occurrence of the specified element in the sorted linked list.
-     * @param value the value to be deleted
-     * @return true if the element is found and deleted, false otherwise
+     * Deletes the first occurrence of a specified integer in the list.
+     *
+     * @param value the integer to delete
+     * @return {@code true} if the element was found and deleted; {@code false} otherwise
      */
     public boolean delete(int value) {
         if (this.head == null) {
@@ -87,9 +99,10 @@ public boolean delete(int value) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Searches for the specified element in the sorted linked list.
-     * @param value the value to be searched
-     * @return true if the element is found, false otherwise
+     * Searches for a specified integer in the list.
+     *
+     * @param value the integer to search for
+     * @return {@code true} if the value is present in the list; {@code false} otherwise
      */
     public boolean search(int value) {
         Node temp = this.head;
@@ -103,14 +116,17 @@ public boolean search(int value) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Checks if the sorted linked list is empty.
-     * @return true if the list is empty, false otherwise
+     * Checks if the list is empty.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if the list is empty; {@code false} otherwise
      */
     public boolean isEmpty() {
         return head == null;
     }
+
     /**
-     * Returns a string representation of the sorted linked list.
+     * Returns a string representation of the sorted linked list in the format [element1, element2, ...].
+     *
      * @return a string representation of the sorted linked list
      */
     @Override
@@ -123,12 +139,14 @@ public String toString() {
                 temp = temp.next;
             }
             return "[" + String.join(", ", elements) + "]";
-
         } else {
             return "[]";
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Node represents an element in the sorted linked list.
+     */
     public final class Node {
         public final int value;
         public Node next;

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/AgingScheduling.java

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.scheduling;
+
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.Queue;
+
+/**
+ * AgingScheduling is an algorithm designed to prevent starvation
+ * by gradually increasing the priority of waiting tasks.
+ * The longer a process waits, the higher its priority becomes.
+ *
+ * Use Case: Useful in systems with mixed workloads to avoid
+ * lower-priority tasks being starved by higher-priority tasks.
+ *
+ * @author Hardvan
+ */
+public final class AgingScheduling {
+
+    static class Task {
+        String name;
+        int waitTime;
+        int priority;
+
+        Task(String name, int priority) {
+            this.name = name;
+            this.priority = priority;
+            this.waitTime = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final Queue<Task> taskQueue;
+
+    public AgingScheduling() {
+        taskQueue = new LinkedList<>();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Adds a task to the scheduler with a given priority.
+     *
+     * @param name name of the task
+     * @param priority priority of the task
+     */
+    public void addTask(String name, int priority) {
+        taskQueue.offer(new Task(name, priority));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Schedules the next task based on the priority and wait time.
+     * The priority of a task increases with the time it spends waiting.
+     *
+     * @return name of the next task to be executed
+     */
+    public String scheduleNext() {
+        if (taskQueue.isEmpty()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        Task nextTask = taskQueue.poll();
+        nextTask.waitTime++;
+        nextTask.priority += nextTask.waitTime;
+        taskQueue.offer(nextTask);
+        return nextTask.name;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/FairShareScheduling.java

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.scheduling;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * FairShareScheduling allocates CPU resources equally among users or groups
+ * instead of individual tasks. Each group gets a proportional share,
+ * preventing resource hogging by a single user's processes.
+ *
+ * Use Case: Multi-user systems where users submit multiple tasks simultaneously,
+ * such as cloud environments.
+ *
+ * @author Hardvan
+ */
+public final class FairShareScheduling {
+
+    static class User {
+        String name;
+        int allocatedResources;
+        int totalWeight;
+
+        User(String name) {
+            this.name = name;
+            this.allocatedResources = 0;
+            this.totalWeight = 0;
+        }
+
+        void addWeight(int weight) {
+            this.totalWeight += weight;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final Map<String, User> users; // username -> User
+
+    public FairShareScheduling() {
+        users = new HashMap<>();
+    }
+
+    public void addUser(String userName) {
+        users.putIfAbsent(userName, new User(userName));
+    }
+
+    public void addTask(String userName, int weight) {
+        User user = users.get(userName);
+        if (user != null) {
+            user.addWeight(weight);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void allocateResources(int totalResources) {
+        int totalWeights = users.values().stream().mapToInt(user -> user.totalWeight).sum();
+        for (User user : users.values()) {
+            user.allocatedResources = (int) ((double) user.totalWeight / totalWeights * totalResources);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Map<String, Integer> getAllocatedResources() {
+        Map<String, Integer> allocation = new HashMap<>();
+        for (User user : users.values()) {
+            allocation.put(user.name, user.allocatedResources);
+        }
+        return allocation;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/GangScheduling.java

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.scheduling;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * GangScheduling groups related tasks (gangs) to run simultaneously on multiple processors.
+ * All tasks in a gang are executed together or not at all.
+ *
+ * Use Case: Parallel computing environments where multiple threads of a program
+ * need to run concurrently for optimal performance.
+ *
+ * @author Hardvan
+ */
+public final class GangScheduling {
+
+    static class Gang {
+        String name;
+        List<String> tasks;
+
+        Gang(String name) {
+            this.name = name;
+            this.tasks = new ArrayList<>();
+        }
+
+        void addTask(String task) {
+            tasks.add(task);
+        }
+
+        List<String> getTasks() {
+            return tasks;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final Map<String, Gang> gangs;
+
+    public GangScheduling() {
+        gangs = new HashMap<>();
+    }
+
+    public void addGang(String gangName) {
+        gangs.putIfAbsent(gangName, new Gang(gangName));
+    }
+
+    public void addTaskToGang(String gangName, String task) {
+        Gang gang = gangs.get(gangName);
+        if (gang != null) {
+            gang.addTask(task);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Map<String, List<String>> getGangSchedules() {
+        Map<String, List<String>> schedules = new HashMap<>();
+        for (Gang gang : gangs.values()) {
+            schedules.put(gang.name, gang.getTasks());
+        }
+        return schedules;
+    }
+}