Add HigherLowerPowerOfTwo algorithm (TheAlgorithms#5707)

Author: Hardvan

DIRECTORY.md

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
             * [CountSetBits](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/CountSetBits.java)
             * [GrayCodeConversion](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/GrayCodeConversion.java)
             * [HammingDistance](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/HammingDistance.java)
+            * [HigherLowerPowerOfTwo](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/HigherLowerPowerOfTwo.java)
             * [HighestSetBit](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/HighestSetBit.java)
             * [IndexOfRightMostSetBit](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/IndexOfRightMostSetBit.java)
             * [IsEven](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/IsEven.java)
@@ -658,6 +659,7 @@
             * [CountSetBitsTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/CountSetBitsTest.java)
             * [GrayCodeConversionTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/GrayCodeConversionTest.java)
             * [HammingDistanceTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/HammingDistanceTest.java)
+            * [HigherLowerPowerOfTwoTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/HigherLowerPowerOfTwoTest.java)
             * [HighestSetBitTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/HighestSetBitTest.java)
             * [IndexOfRightMostSetBitTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/IndexOfRightMostSetBitTest.java)
             * [IsEvenTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/IsEvenTest.java)

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/HigherLowerPowerOfTwo.java

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.bitmanipulation;
+
+/**
+ * HigherLowerPowerOfTwo class has two methods to find the next higher and lower power of two.
+ * <p>
+ *     nextHigherPowerOfTwo method finds the next higher power of two.
+ *     nextLowerPowerOfTwo method finds the next lower power of two.
+ *     Both methods take an integer as input and return the next higher or lower power of two.
+ *     If the input is less than 1, the next higher power of two is 1.
+ *     If the input is less than or equal to 1, the next lower power of two is 0.
+ *     nextHigherPowerOfTwo method uses bitwise operations to find the next higher power of two.
+ *     nextLowerPowerOfTwo method uses Integer.highestOneBit method to find the next lower power of two.
+ *     The time complexity of both methods is O(1).
+ *     The space complexity of both methods is O(1).
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @author Hardvan
+ */
+public final class HigherLowerPowerOfTwo {
+    private HigherLowerPowerOfTwo() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Finds the next higher power of two.
+     *
+     * @param x The given number.
+     * @return The next higher power of two.
+     */
+    public static int nextHigherPowerOfTwo(int x) {
+        if (x < 1) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+        x--;
+        x |= x >> 1;
+        x |= x >> 2;
+        x |= x >> 4;
+        x |= x >> 8;
+        x |= x >> 16;
+        return x + 1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Finds the next lower power of two.
+     *
+     * @param x The given number.
+     * @return The next lower power of two.
+     */
+    public static int nextLowerPowerOfTwo(int x) {
+        if (x < 1) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        return Integer.highestOneBit(x);
+    }
+}

src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/HigherLowerPowerOfTwoTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.bitmanipulation;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+public class HigherLowerPowerOfTwoTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNextHigherPowerOfTwo() {
+        assertEquals(32, HigherLowerPowerOfTwo.nextHigherPowerOfTwo(19)); // next higher power of two is 32
+        assertEquals(1, HigherLowerPowerOfTwo.nextHigherPowerOfTwo(1)); // next higher power of two is 1
+        assertEquals(16, HigherLowerPowerOfTwo.nextHigherPowerOfTwo(15)); // next higher power of two is 16
+        assertEquals(8, HigherLowerPowerOfTwo.nextHigherPowerOfTwo(8)); // next higher power of two is 8
+        assertEquals(16, HigherLowerPowerOfTwo.nextHigherPowerOfTwo(9)); // next higher power of two is 16
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNextLowerPowerOfTwo() {
+        assertEquals(16, HigherLowerPowerOfTwo.nextLowerPowerOfTwo(19)); // next lower power of two is 16
+        assertEquals(1, HigherLowerPowerOfTwo.nextLowerPowerOfTwo(1)); // next lower power of two is 1
+        assertEquals(8, HigherLowerPowerOfTwo.nextLowerPowerOfTwo(9)); // next lower power of two is 8
+        assertEquals(8, HigherLowerPowerOfTwo.nextLowerPowerOfTwo(15)); // next lower power of two is 8
+        assertEquals(8, HigherLowerPowerOfTwo.nextLowerPowerOfTwo(8)); // next lower power of two is 8
+    }
+}