todo

Note : commented lines (with ";") are done / clearly attributed somewhere.
The rest is not yet done or could be improved.

; GOAL V01 • You can describe the various aspects of embedded systems engineering: requirements → architecture → implementation → validation
; GOAL V01 • You reviewed, and can apply, the basic concepts from the development process (modeling, design/implementation, analysis) to realize and verify embedded systems.
; GOAL V01 • You can explain what an embedded system is, and how it can be framed within the «Sense, Think, Act, Communicate» paradigm.

GOAL L01 • You will familiarize yourself with the teaching platform “ESPresso” and the tools/toolchain.
GOAL L01 • You can understand the “Sense-Think-Act-Communicate” model in practice (coffee machine example).
GOAL L01 • You can make sense of the three development steps “Modeling, Implementing, Analyzing”.
GOAL L01 • You will be able to use UML diagrams (FSM as state diagram).
GOAL L01 • You can implement functionalities in C according to the description in the functional specification.


GOAL V02 • You can describe typical sensor characteristics and preprocessing techniques, and explain the difference between simple and more intelligent sensors.
; GOAL V02 • You can describe the analog signal chain and explain conceptionally how its individual components work (Sample & Hold, ADC/DAC, Quantization, Nyquist, Aliasing, Under-/Oversampling).
GOAL V02 • You can make use of software engineering techniques like bare metal super-loops, polling and interrupts, look-up tables and callbacks.

GOAL L02 • You will review how to set up and use an ADC of a microcontroller (STM32 MCU in the STM environment).
GOAL L02 • You understand the importance of selecting the right sampling frequency for an ADC.
GOAL L02 • You can read in an NTC thermistor and deal with its raw ADC data.
GOAL L02 • You can apply data conversions and optimizations through look-up tables (LUT) in the process.
GOAL L02 • You can measure the execution time of your code.


; GOAL V03 • You can explain the working principle of an IMU and what it is typically used for.
; GOAL V03 • You can implement and utilize a circular buffer for applications like filtering, feature extraction or decoupling (buffering) on a microcontroller.
; GOAL V03 • You can implement simple averaging filters and more generally FIR and IIR (biquad) filters in C.
; GOAL V03 • You can understand the basic mechanism and realize an implementation of a filter like the complementary filter for the purpose of sensor fusion.

GOAL L03 • You will review how to read in a sensor via I2C on a microcontroller in the STM environment.
GOAL L03 • You can process the measured data and convert it into more significant information using signal conditioning and filtering techniques.
GOAL L03 • You can combine data from more than one sensor source via a complementary filter (sensor fusion).
GOAL L03 • You can analyze acquired and processed data with a digital oscilloscope.
GOAL L03 • (Optional) You can put the complementary filter in relation with more efficient sensor fusion algorithms.


GOAL V04 • You can explain the basic working principle of a actuator like a brushed DC motor.
GOAL V04 • You can interface a DC motor to a microcontroller, including the necessary components in hardware and software (timer, PWM, H-bridge, current sensor, encoder).
; GOAL V04 • You can implement and tune a basic motor controller (bang-bang control, PID control with feedback/feedforward, cascaded control).

; GOAL L04 • You can implement a general digital PID control loop function on the microcontroller.
; GOAL L04 • You can tune different types of PID controllers using empirical methods.
GOAL L04 • You can measure the frequency response of a single control loop as well as the cascaded system.


; GOAL V05 • You can generate a motion profile and implement trajectory tracking with a PID controller.
; GOAL V05 • You can describe non-idealities caused by saturation or discretization of the controller.
GOAL V05 • You can explain the basic working principles of brushless DC and stepper motors.

GOAL L05 • You can utilize a PID controller for trajectory tracking.
GOAL L05 • You can implement homing and soft limits for a motor system with encoder.
GOAL L05 • You can apply a temperature sensor to realize overtemperature protection.


; GOAL V06 • You know about the importance of low power in the context of embedded systems.
; GOAL V06 • You can estimate a system’s constrained power budget or battery lifetime.
; GOAL V06 • You can explain how to use the various low power modes available in the STM microcontrollers.
; GOAL V06 • You can describe the different low power optimization concepts.

GOAL L06 • You can configure an STMicroelectronics microcontroller in different low power modes.
GOAL L06 • You get an understanding of what the different low power modes do.
GOAL L06 • You can wake up the microcontroller from a deep sleep mode.
GOAL L06 • You can assess the current consumption in different low power modes.


; GOAL V07 • You can describe how data is structured and transmitted through layers (OSI model).
; GOAL V07 • You can interpret basic frame structures (headers, payloads, footers).
; GOAL V07 • You can classify communication patterns and network topologies.
; GOAL V07 • You can recognize how the Modbus protocol fits into the OSI model and how it communicates.

GOAL L07 • You understand the underlying principle of the OSI model—particularly, what the application,network, data link and physical layers do.
GOAL L07 • You can build a simple custom protocol from the OSI model building blocks.
GOAL L07 • You experience how the client-server architecture in the Modbus protocol works.
GOAL L07 • You can configure a Modbus client and server to send and receive data via Modbus RTU.
GOAL L07 • You can analyze the data signal from a Modbus communication with an Analog Discovery oscilloscope and logic analyzer.


; GOAL V08 • You can describe the key properties of the CAN bus regarding the physical layer (incl. differential signaling, termination resistors, NRZ coding).
; GOAL V08 • You can explain the communication exchange on a CAN bus regarding the data link layer (incl. message format, bit stuffing, masking / message filtering).

GOAL L08 • You can understand how the basic CAN communication works.
; GOAL L08 • You can configure a CAN message filter.
; GOAL L08 • You can program a microcontroller to send and receive data through CAN messages.
; GOAL L08 • You can analyze the data signal from a CAN communication with an Analog Discovery oscilloscope and logic analyzer.


; GOAL V09 • You can describe the basic architecture and topology of the Universal Serial Bus (USB), including physical and data link layers.
; GOAL V09 • You know the concepts of USB Hub and USB On-The-Go.
; GOAL V09 • You can explain USB enumeration and the basics of USB communication (transfer types, endpoint types, packet types, descriptors).

; GOAL L09 • You can understand the inner workings of the USB physical and data link layers.
; GOAL L09 • You can set up and use a virtual COM port, and thus interface an embedded system with a PC through the Communication Device Class (CDC).
; GOAL L09 • You can implement an embedded system that acts as a basic user interface device like a computer mouse based on the Human Interface Device (HID) device class.


; GOAL V10 • You can distinguish the basic concepts behind the Ethernet and WiFi.
; GOAL V10 • You can explain the different mechanisms of multiplexing and medium access control.
; GOAL V10 • You can assess the throughput and bandwidth of a communication channel.

GOAL L10 • You can use the USB transfer type “Isochronous” with the Audio Decive Class.
GOAL L10 • You can use the USB transfer type “Bulk” with the Mass Storage Device Class.


; GOAL V11 • You can understand the working principles of the transport and network/internet layers of theOSI and TCP/IP reference models.
; GOAL V11 • You can describe the structure and usage of the AT Command Set.
; GOAL V11 • You can make use of the core concepts of the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT)protocol for efficient IoT messaging.

; GOAL L11 • You can set up a WiFi communication via AT commands.
; GOAL L11 • You can understand the differences of the TCP and UDP protocols (OSI layer 4, transport layer).
; GOAL L11 • You can publish data and subscribe to a topic via the MQTT protocol.
; GOAL L11 • You can understand how to connect to a remote web server via HTTP.


; GOAL V12 • You know the challenges and benefits of edge computing and Internet of Things (IoT) applications.
; GOAL V12 • You can explain the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) architecture.
; GOAL V12 • You can handle BLE connections including scanning and advertising from central and peripheral devices.
GOAL V12 • You can understand the basic pairing mechanism in BLE. % CHECK if fullfilled -> mit Vorlesungsslides abgleichen...

; GOAL V12 • You can distinguish between the roles of BLE peripherals and centrals.
; GOAL V12 • You can implement how to advertise your own BLE device and scan for other nearby BLE devices.
; GOAL V12 • You can connect and pair your BLE device with another BLE device via AT commands.


GOAL V13 • You can distinguish the basic BLE profiles and protocols (GAP/SM vs. GATT/ATT) within the host subsystem of the BLE protocol stack.
GOAL V13 • You can explain the core functionalities and working principles of the GATT profile and the ATT protocol.
GOAL V13 • You can utilize GATT services to communicate and transfer data between two devices, including the configuration of involved profiles, services and characteristics (attributes).
GOAL V13 • You can look up and correctly select available profiles, characteristics and UUIDs in the respective specification documents (e.g., Assigned Numbers).

; GOAL L13 • You can scan for GATT services and characteristics on a connected device.
; GOAL L13 • You can send and receive data via one or several characteristics.
; GOAL L13 • You can set up and handle the data exchange as a GATT server.


; GOAL V14 • You know about the importance of data logging and some useful logging data (sensor value, time stamp pairs).
; GOAL V14 • You can understand the functionalities of the real-time clock (RTC) peripheral and its use, namely waking up a sleeping system and providing absolute time-of-day/calendar (including alarms, time synchronization).
GOAL V14 • You can understand the reset behavior and utilize the watchdog timer (WDT) peripheral on an STM32 MCU.

GOAL L14 • You can configure a real-time clock (RTC) in calendar mode.
GOAL L14 • You can collect data and send it off board to a different location for further processing.
GOAL L14 • You can make use of a CRC-function for enhancing system robustness.
GOAL L14 • You can deploy a watchdog timer (WDT) and explain what it does.