diff --git a/mkl_fft/interfaces/__init__.py b/mkl_fft/interfaces/__init__.py
index 1988ba8..ff17c4b 100644
--- a/mkl_fft/interfaces/__init__.py
+++ b/mkl_fft/interfaces/__init__.py
@@ -25,8 +25,9 @@
 
 from . import numpy_fft
 
+# find scipy, not scipy.fft, to avoid circular dependency
 try:
-    import scipy.fft
+    import scipy
 except ImportError:
     pass
 else:
diff --git a/mkl_fft/interfaces/_numpy_helper.py b/mkl_fft/interfaces/_numpy_helper.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a67812
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mkl_fft/interfaces/_numpy_helper.py
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# Copyright (c) 2017, Intel Corporation
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+#       this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+#       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+#       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its contributors
+#       may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+#       without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+# DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+# FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+# DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+# SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+# CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+# OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""
+FFT helper functions copied from `numpy.fft` (with some modification) to
+prevent circular dependencies when patching NumPy.
+"""
+
+import numpy as np
+
+__all__ = ["fftshift", "ifftshift", "fftfreq", "rfftfreq"]
+
+
+def fftshift(x, axes=None):
+    """
+    Shift the zero-frequency component to the center of the spectrum.
+
+    For full documentation refer to `numpy.fft.fftshift`.
+
+    """
+    x = np.asarray(x)
+    if axes is None:
+        axes = tuple(range(x.ndim))
+        shift = [dim // 2 for dim in x.shape]
+    elif isinstance(axes, (int, np.integer)):
+        shift = x.shape[axes] // 2
+    else:
+        shift = [x.shape[ax] // 2 for ax in axes]
+
+    return np.roll(x, shift, axes)
+
+
+def ifftshift(x, axes=None):
+    """
+    The inverse of `fftshift`. Although identical for even-length `x`, the
+    functions differ by one sample for odd-length `x`.
+
+    For full documentation refer to `numpy.fft.ifftshift`.
+
+    """
+    x = np.asarray(x)
+    if axes is None:
+        axes = tuple(range(x.ndim))
+        shift = [-(dim // 2) for dim in x.shape]
+    elif isinstance(axes, (int, np.integer)):
+        shift = -(x.shape[axes] // 2)
+    else:
+        shift = [-(x.shape[ax] // 2) for ax in axes]
+
+    return np.roll(x, shift, axes)
+
+
+def fftfreq(n, d=1.0, device=None):
+    """
+    Return the Discrete Fourier Transform sample frequencies.
+
+    For full documentation refer to `numpy.fft.fftfreq`.
+
+    """
+    if not isinstance(n, (int, np.integer)):
+        raise ValueError("n should be an integer")
+    val = 1.0 / (n * d)
+    # pylint: disable=unexpected-keyword-arg
+    results = np.empty(n, int, device=device)
+    # pylint: enable=unexpected-keyword-arg
+    N = (n - 1) // 2 + 1
+    # pylint: disable=unexpected-keyword-arg
+    p1 = np.arange(0, N, dtype=int, device=device)
+    # pylint: enable=unexpected-keyword-arg
+    results[:N] = p1
+    # pylint: disable=unexpected-keyword-arg
+    p2 = np.arange(-(n // 2), 0, dtype=int, device=device)
+    # pylint: enable=unexpected-keyword-arg
+    results[N:] = p2
+    return results * val
+
+
+def rfftfreq(n, d=1.0, device=None):
+    """
+    Return the Discrete Fourier Transform sample frequencies (for usage with
+    `rfft`, `irfft`).
+
+    For full documentation refer to `numpy.fft.rfftfreq`.
+
+    """
+    if not isinstance(n, (int, np.integer)):
+        raise ValueError("n should be an integer")
+    val = 1.0 / (n * d)
+    N = n // 2 + 1
+    # pylint: disable=unexpected-keyword-arg
+    results = np.arange(0, N, dtype=int, device=device)
+    # pylint: enable=unexpected-keyword-arg
+    return results * val
diff --git a/mkl_fft/interfaces/_scipy_fft.py b/mkl_fft/interfaces/_scipy_fft.py
index 910f652..77429c7 100644
--- a/mkl_fft/interfaces/_scipy_fft.py
+++ b/mkl_fft/interfaces/_scipy_fft.py
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
 
 import mkl
 import numpy as np
-import scipy
 
 import mkl_fft
 
@@ -62,10 +61,6 @@
     "ihfft2",
     "hfftn",
     "ihfftn",
-    "fftshift",
-    "ifftshift",
-    "fftfreq",
-    "rfftfreq",
     "get_workers",
     "set_workers",
 ]
@@ -655,49 +650,6 @@ def ihfftn(
     return result
 
 
-# define thin wrappers for scipy functions to avoid circular dependencies
-def fftfreq(n, d=1.0, *, xp=None, device=None):
-    """
-    Return the Discrete Fourier Transform sample frequencies.
-
-    For full documentation refer to `scipy.fft.fftfreq`.
-
-    """
-    return scipy.fft.fftfreq(n, d=d, xp=xp, device=device)
-
-
-def rfftfreq(n, d=1.0, *, xp=None, device=None):
-    """
-    Return the Discrete Fourier Transform sample frequencies (for usage with
-    `rfft`, `irfft`).
-
-    For full documentation refer to `scipy.fft.rfftfreq`.
-
-    """
-    return scipy.fft.rfftfreq(n, d=d, xp=xp, device=device)
-
-
-def fftshift(x, axes=None):
-    """
-    Shift the zero-frequency component to the center of the spectrum.
-
-    For full documentation refer to `scipy.fft.fftshift`.
-
-    """
-    return scipy.fft.fftshift(x, axes=axes)
-
-
-def ifftshift(x, axes=None):
-    """
-    The inverse of `fftshift`. Although identical for even-length `x`, the
-    functions differ by one sample for odd-length `x`.
-
-    For full documentation refer to `scipy.fft.ifftshift`.
-
-    """
-    return scipy.fft.ifftshift(x, axes=axes)
-
-
 def get_workers():
     """
     Gets the number of workers used by mkl_fft by default.
diff --git a/mkl_fft/interfaces/_scipy_helper.py b/mkl_fft/interfaces/_scipy_helper.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f75c30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mkl_fft/interfaces/_scipy_helper.py
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# Copyright (c) 2017, Intel Corporation
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+#       this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+#       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+#       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its contributors
+#       may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+#       without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+# DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+# FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+# DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+# SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+# CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+# OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+"""
+FFT helper functions copied from `scipy.fft` (with some modification) to
+prevent circular dependencies when patching NumPy.
+"""
+
+import numpy as np
+from scipy._lib._array_api import array_namespace
+
+__all__ = ["fftshift", "ifftshift", "fftfreq", "rfftfreq"]
+
+
+def fftfreq(n, d=1.0, *, xp=None, device=None):
+    """
+    Return the Discrete Fourier Transform sample frequencies.
+
+    For full documentation refer to `scipy.fft.fftfreq`.
+
+    """
+    xp = np if xp is None else xp
+    if hasattr(xp, "fft"):
+        return xp.fft.fftfreq(n, d=d, device=device)
+    return np.fft.fftfreq(n, d=d, device=device)
+
+
+def rfftfreq(n, d=1.0, *, xp=None, device=None):
+    """
+    Return the Discrete Fourier Transform sample frequencies (for usage with
+    `rfft`, `irfft`).
+
+    For full documentation refer to `scipy.fft.rfftfreq`.
+
+    """
+    xp = np if xp is None else xp
+    if hasattr(xp, "fft"):
+        return xp.fft.rfftfreq(n, d=d, device=device)
+    return np.fft.rfftfreq(n, d=d, device=device)
+
+
+def fftshift(x, axes=None):
+    """
+    Shift the zero-frequency component to the center of the spectrum.
+
+    For full documentation refer to `scipy.fft.fftshift`.
+
+    """
+    xp = array_namespace(x)
+    if hasattr(xp, "fft"):
+        return xp.fft.fftshift(x, axes=axes)
+    x = np.asarray(x)
+    y = np.fft.fftshift(x, axes=axes)
+    return xp.asarray(y)
+
+
+def ifftshift(x, axes=None):
+    """
+    The inverse of `fftshift`. Although identical for even-length `x`, the
+    functions differ by one sample for odd-length `x`.
+
+    For full documentation refer to `scipy.fft.ifftshift`.
+
+    """
+    xp = array_namespace(x)
+    if hasattr(xp, "fft"):
+        return xp.fft.ifftshift(x, axes=axes)
+    x = np.asarray(x)
+    y = np.fft.ifftshift(x, axes=axes)
+    return xp.asarray(y)
diff --git a/mkl_fft/interfaces/numpy_fft.py b/mkl_fft/interfaces/numpy_fft.py
index 5653ff1..aa74f3d 100644
--- a/mkl_fft/interfaces/numpy_fft.py
+++ b/mkl_fft/interfaces/numpy_fft.py
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
     rfft2,
     rfftn,
 )
+from ._numpy_helper import fftfreq, fftshift, ifftshift, rfftfreq
 
 __all__ = [
     "fft",
@@ -57,11 +58,8 @@
     "irfftn",
     "hfft",
     "ihfft",
+    "fftshift",
+    "fftfreq",
+    "rfftfreq",
+    "ifftshift",
 ]
-
-# It is important to put the following import here to avoid circular imports
-# when patching numpy with mkl_fft
-# Added for completing the namespaces
-from numpy.fft import fftfreq, fftshift, ifftshift, rfftfreq
-
-__all__ += ["fftshift", "ifftshift", "fftfreq", "rfftfreq"]
diff --git a/mkl_fft/interfaces/scipy_fft.py b/mkl_fft/interfaces/scipy_fft.py
index 4adce52..0f12841 100644
--- a/mkl_fft/interfaces/scipy_fft.py
+++ b/mkl_fft/interfaces/scipy_fft.py
@@ -28,9 +28,7 @@
 from ._scipy_fft import (
     fft,
     fft2,
-    fftfreq,
     fftn,
-    fftshift,
     get_workers,
     hfft,
     hfft2,
@@ -38,7 +36,6 @@
     ifft,
     ifft2,
     ifftn,
-    ifftshift,
     ihfft,
     ihfft2,
     ihfftn,
@@ -47,10 +44,10 @@
     irfftn,
     rfft,
     rfft2,
-    rfftfreq,
     rfftn,
     set_workers,
 )
+from ._scipy_helper import fftfreq, fftshift, ifftshift, rfftfreq
 
 __all__ = [
     "fft",