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chain flow
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‎chain-workflow/pom.xml‎

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
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xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
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<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
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<parent>
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<groupId>com.javaaidev</groupId>
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<artifactId>agentic-patterns</artifactId>
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<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
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</parent>
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<artifactId>agentic-patterns-chain-workflow</artifactId>
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<name>Agentic Patterns :: Chain Workflow</name>
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<properties>
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<maven.compiler.source>21</maven.compiler.source>
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<maven.compiler.target>21</maven.compiler.target>
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<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
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</properties>
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<dependencies>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>com.javaaidev</groupId>
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<artifactId>agentic-patterns-task-execution</artifactId>
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<version>${project.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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</dependencies>
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</project>

‎chain-workflow/src/main/java/com/javaaidev/agenticpatterns/chainworkflow/ChainStepAgent.java‎

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package com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.chainworkflow;
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import com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.taskexecution.TaskExecutionAgent;
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import java.lang.reflect.Type;
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import java.util.Map;
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import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;
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import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.ChatClient;
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import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
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public abstract class ChainStepAgent<Req, Res> extends TaskExecutionAgent<Req, Res> implements
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Ordered {
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protected ChainStepAgent(ChatClient chatClient) {
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super(chatClient);
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}
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protected ChainStepAgent(ChatClient chatClient, @Nullable Type responseType) {
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super(chatClient, responseType);
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}
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protected abstract Res call(Req request, Map<String, Object> context,
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WorkflowChain<Req, Res> chain);
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}

‎chain-workflow/src/main/java/com/javaaidev/agenticpatterns/chainworkflow/ChainWorkflowAgent.java‎

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package com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.chainworkflow;
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import com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.taskexecution.NoLLMTaskExecutionAgent;
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import java.lang.reflect.Type;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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import java.util.List;
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import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;
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import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.ChatClient;
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public class ChainWorkflowAgent<Request, Response> extends
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NoLLMTaskExecutionAgent<Request, Response> {
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private final List<ChainStepAgent<Request, Response>> stepAgents = new ArrayList<>();
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protected ChainWorkflowAgent(ChatClient chatClient) {
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super(chatClient);
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}
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public ChainWorkflowAgent(ChatClient chatClient,
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@Nullable Type responseType) {
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super(chatClient, responseType);
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}
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public void addStep(ChainStepAgent<Request, Response> stepAgent) {
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stepAgents.add(stepAgent);
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}
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@Override
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public Response call(@Nullable Request request) {
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var chain = new WorkflowChain<>(stepAgents);
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return chain.callNext(request, null);
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}
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}

‎chain-workflow/src/main/java/com/javaaidev/agenticpatterns/chainworkflow/WorkflowChain.java‎

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package com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.chainworkflow;
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import java.util.ArrayDeque;
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import java.util.Deque;
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import java.util.HashMap;
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import java.util.List;
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import java.util.Map;
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import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;
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import org.slf4j.Logger;
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import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
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import org.springframework.core.OrderComparator;
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public class WorkflowChain<Request, Response> {
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private final Deque<ChainStepAgent<Request, Response>> agents;
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private final Map<String, Object> context = new HashMap<>();
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private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WorkflowChain.class);
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public WorkflowChain(List<ChainStepAgent<Request, Response>> agents) {
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this.agents = new ArrayDeque<>(agents.stream().sorted(OrderComparator.INSTANCE).toList());
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LOGGER.info("Added {} agents to the chain", this.agents.size());
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}
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public Response callNext(Request request, @Nullable Response lastResponse) {
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if (agents.isEmpty()) {
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return lastResponse;
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}
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var agent = agents.pop();
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return agent.call(request, context, this);
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}
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}

‎examples/pom.xml‎

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<artifactId>agentic-patterns-routing-workflow</artifactId>
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<version>${agentic-patterns.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>com.javaaidev</groupId>
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<artifactId>agentic-patterns-chain-workflow</artifactId>
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<version>${agentic-patterns.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-ai-openai-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>

‎examples/src/main/java/com/javaaidev/agenticpatterns/examples/chainworkflow/ArticleWritingAgent.java‎

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package com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.examples.chainworkflow;
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import com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.chainworkflow.ChainStepAgent;
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import com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.chainworkflow.ChainWorkflowAgent;
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import com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.chainworkflow.WorkflowChain;
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import com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.core.Utils;
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import com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.examples.chainworkflow.ArticleWritingAgent.ArticleWritingRequest;
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import com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.examples.chainworkflow.ArticleWritingAgent.ArticleWritingResponse;
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import com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.taskexecution.TaskExecutionAgent;
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import java.util.List;
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import java.util.Map;
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import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;
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import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.ChatClient;
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public class ArticleWritingAgent extends
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TaskExecutionAgent<ArticleWritingRequest, ArticleWritingResponse> {
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private final ArticleGenerationAgent articleGenerationAgent;
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private final ArticleImprovementChainAgent articleImprovementChainAgent;
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protected ArticleWritingAgent(ChatClient chatClient) {
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super(chatClient, ArticleWritingResponse.class);
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articleGenerationAgent = new ArticleGenerationAgent(chatClient);
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articleImprovementChainAgent = new ArticleImprovementChainAgent(chatClient);
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}
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@Override
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protected String getPromptTemplate() {
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return "";
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}
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@Override
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public ArticleWritingResponse call(@Nullable ArticleWritingRequest articleWritingRequest) {
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var initialArticle = articleGenerationAgent.call(articleWritingRequest);
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var improved = articleImprovementChainAgent.call(
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new ArticleImprovementRequest(initialArticle.article()));
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return new ArticleWritingResponse(improved.article());
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}
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public record ArticleWritingRequest(String topic) {
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}
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public record ArticleWritingResponse(String article) {
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}
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private record ArticleImprovementRequest(String article) {
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}
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private record ArticleImprovementResponse(String article) {
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}
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private static class ArticleGenerationAgent extends
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TaskExecutionAgent<ArticleWritingRequest, ArticleWritingResponse> {
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protected ArticleGenerationAgent(ChatClient chatClient) {
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super(chatClient, ArticleWritingResponse.class);
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}
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@Override
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protected String getPromptTemplate() {
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return """
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Write an article about {topic}
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""";
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}
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@Override
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protected @Nullable Map<String, Object> getPromptContext(
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@Nullable ArticleWritingRequest articleWritingRequest) {
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return Map.of(
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"topic", Utils.safeGet(articleWritingRequest, ArticleWritingRequest::topic, "")
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);
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}
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}
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private static class ArticleImprovementChainAgent extends
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ChainWorkflowAgent<ArticleImprovementRequest, ArticleImprovementResponse> {
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protected ArticleImprovementChainAgent(ChatClient chatClient) {
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super(chatClient, ArticleImprovementResponse.class);
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initStepAgents();
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}
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private void initStepAgents() {
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var instructions = List.of(
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"""
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Review the Structure
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- Ensure the article has a clear introduction, body, and conclusion.
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- Check if ideas flow logically from one section to another.
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- Ensure paragraphs are well-organized and each one has a clear purpose.
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""",
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"""
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Improve Clarity and Conciseness
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- Remove unnecessary words and redundant phrases.
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- Simplify complex sentences for better readability.
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- Use active voice where possible.
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""",
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"""
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Enhance Readability
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- Break long paragraphs into shorter ones.
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- Use bullet points or subheadings for easier scanning.
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- Vary sentence length to maintain reader interest.
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"""
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);
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for (int i = 0; i < instructions.size(); i++) {
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addStep(new ArticleImprovementAgent(chatClient, instructions.get(i), i));
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}
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}
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}
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private static class ArticleImprovementAgent extends
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ChainStepAgent<ArticleImprovementRequest, ArticleImprovementResponse> {
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private final String instruction;
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private final int order;
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protected ArticleImprovementAgent(ChatClient chatClient, String instruction, int order) {
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super(chatClient, ArticleImprovementResponse.class);
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this.instruction = instruction;
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this.order = order;
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}
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@Override
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protected String getPromptTemplate() {
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return """
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Goal: Improve an article by following the instruction:
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{instruction}
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Article content:
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{article}
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""";
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}
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@Override
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protected ArticleImprovementResponse call(ArticleImprovementRequest request,
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Map<String, Object> context,
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WorkflowChain<ArticleImprovementRequest, ArticleImprovementResponse> chain) {
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var response = this.call(request);
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return chain.callNext(new ArticleImprovementRequest(response.article()), response);
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}
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@Override
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protected @Nullable Map<String, Object> getPromptContext(
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@Nullable ArticleImprovementRequest articleImprovementRequest) {
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return Map.of(
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"instruction", instruction,
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"article",
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Utils.safeGet(articleImprovementRequest, ArticleImprovementRequest::article, "")
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);
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}
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@Override
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public int getOrder() {
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return order;
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}
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}
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}

‎examples/src/main/java/com/javaaidev/agenticpatterns/examples/chainworkflow/ArticleWritingConfiguration.java‎

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package com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.examples.chainworkflow;
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import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.ChatClient;
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import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.advisor.SimpleLoggerAdvisor;
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import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
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import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
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@Configuration
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public class ArticleWritingConfiguration {
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@Bean
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public ArticleWritingAgent articleWritingAgent(ChatClient.Builder chatClientBuilder,
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SimpleLoggerAdvisor simpleLoggerAdvisor) {
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return new ArticleWritingAgent(chatClientBuilder.defaultAdvisors(simpleLoggerAdvisor).build());
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}
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}

‎examples/src/main/java/com/javaaidev/agenticpatterns/examples/chainworkflow/ArticleWritingController.java‎

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package com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.examples.chainworkflow;
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import com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.examples.chainworkflow.ArticleWritingAgent.ArticleWritingRequest;
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import com.javaaidev.agenticpatterns.examples.chainworkflow.ArticleWritingAgent.ArticleWritingResponse;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
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@RestController
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@RequestMapping("/article_writing")
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public class ArticleWritingController {
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private final ArticleWritingAgent agent;
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public ArticleWritingController(ArticleWritingAgent agent) {
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this.agent = agent;
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}
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@PostMapping
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public ArticleWritingResponse articleWrite(@RequestBody ArticleWritingRequest request) {
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return agent.call(request);
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}
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}

‎examples/src/main/resources/application.yaml‎

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api-key: ${OPENAI_API_KEY:}
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chat:
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options:
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model: gpt-4o
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model: gpt-3.5-turbo
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temperature: 0.
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logging:
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level:

‎pom.xml‎

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<module>evaluator-optimizer</module>
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<module>parallelization-workflow</module>
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<module>routing-workflow</module>
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<module>chain-workflow</module>
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</modules>
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<properties>

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