diff --git a/compiler/build-tools/kotlin-build-tools-api-tests/build.gradle.kts b/compiler/build-tools/kotlin-build-tools-api-tests/build.gradle.kts
index fc1bb306bdbd9..d85b5630a6d7b 100644
--- a/compiler/build-tools/kotlin-build-tools-api-tests/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/compiler/build-tools/kotlin-build-tools-api-tests/build.gradle.kts
@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ plugins {
 }
 
 dependencies {
-    api(kotlinStdlib())
+    implementation(kotlinStdlib())
     compileOnly(project(":kotlin-tooling-core")) // to reuse `KotlinToolingVersion`
     compileOnly(project(":compiler:build-tools:kotlin-build-tools-api"))
     compileOnly(project(":compiler:build-tools:kotlin-build-tools-compat"))
-    api(testFixtures(project(":compiler:test-infrastructure-utils"))) // for `@TestDataPath`/`@TestMetadata`
+    implementation(testFixtures(project(":compiler:test-infrastructure-utils"))) // for `@TestDataPath`/`@TestMetadata`
 
-    api(platform(libs.junit.bom))
+    implementation(platform(libs.junit.bom))
     compileOnly(libs.junit.jupiter.engine)
     compileOnly(libs.junit.jupiter.params)
 }
diff --git a/compiler/multiplatform-parsing/build.gradle.kts b/compiler/multiplatform-parsing/build.gradle.kts
index 0254200c9b78a..0f51e02cda2e3 100644
--- a/compiler/multiplatform-parsing/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/compiler/multiplatform-parsing/build.gradle.kts
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ kotlin {
     sourceSets {
         val commonMain by getting {
             dependencies {
-                api(kotlinStdlib())
+                implementation(kotlinStdlib())
                 implementation(libs.org.jetbrains.syntax.api)
                 implementation(libs.org.jetbrains.annotations)
             }
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ kotlin {
                 implementation(project(":compiler:cli"))
                 implementation(libs.junit.jupiter.api)
                 runtimeOnly(libs.junit.jupiter.engine)
-                api(kotlinTest("junit"))
+                implementation(kotlinTest("junit"))
             }
             kotlin {
                 srcDir("jvm/test")
diff --git a/compiler/tests-mutes/mutes-junit4/build.gradle.kts b/compiler/tests-mutes/mutes-junit4/build.gradle.kts
index 805b352597140..6b07faae67932 100644
--- a/compiler/tests-mutes/mutes-junit4/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/compiler/tests-mutes/mutes-junit4/build.gradle.kts
@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@ plugins {
 }
 
 dependencies {
-    api(libs.junit4)
+    implementation(libs.junit4)
     implementation(project(":compiler:tests-mutes"))
-    api("com.nordstrom.tools:junit-foundation:17.2.4")
+    implementation("com.nordstrom.tools:junit-foundation:17.2.4")
     // override beanutils dependency due to CVE-2025-48734
-    api(libs.apache.commons.beanutils)
+    implementation(libs.apache.commons.beanutils)
 
     constraints {
-        api(libs.apache.commons.lang)
+        implementation(libs.apache.commons.lang)
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/compiler/tests-mutes/mutes-junit5/build.gradle.kts b/compiler/tests-mutes/mutes-junit5/build.gradle.kts
index 14f79c9339868..8fbd48939d3cd 100644
--- a/compiler/tests-mutes/mutes-junit5/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/compiler/tests-mutes/mutes-junit5/build.gradle.kts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ plugins {
 }
 
 dependencies {
-    api(libs.junit.jupiter.api)
+    implementation(libs.junit.jupiter.api)
     implementation(project(":compiler:tests-mutes"))
 }
 
diff --git a/libraries/kotlin.test/build.gradle.kts b/libraries/kotlin.test/build.gradle.kts
index 7ec458a4899ca..6ef2666b83330 100644
--- a/libraries/kotlin.test/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/libraries/kotlin.test/build.gradle.kts
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ kotlin {
     sourceSets {
         val commonMain by getting {
             dependencies {
-                api(kotlinStdlib())
+                implementation(kotlinStdlib())
             }
         }
         val annotationsCommonMain by creating {
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ kotlin {
             kotlin.srcDir("junit/src/main/kotlin")
             resources.srcDir("junit/src/main/resources")
             dependencies {
-                api("junit:junit:4.13.2")
+                implementation("junit:junit:4.13.2")
             }
         }
         val jvmJUnitTest by getting {
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ kotlin {
             kotlin.srcDir("testng/src/main/kotlin")
             resources.srcDir("testng/src/main/resources")
             dependencies {
-                api("org.testng:testng:7.0.0")
+                implementation("org.testng:testng:7.0.0")
             }
         }
         val jvmTestNGTest by getting {
diff --git a/libraries/stdlib/build.gradle.kts b/libraries/stdlib/build.gradle.kts
index 69e1148d3ec95..5b2730422f6d9 100644
--- a/libraries/stdlib/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/libraries/stdlib/build.gradle.kts
@@ -107,7 +107,6 @@ kotlin {
         }
     }
     jvm {
-        withJava()
         compilations {
             val compileOnlyDeclarations by creating {
                 compileTaskProvider.configure {
@@ -353,7 +352,7 @@ kotlin {
         }
         commonTest {
             dependencies {
-                api(kotlinTest())
+                implementation(kotlinTest())
             }
             kotlin {
                 srcDir("common/test")
@@ -366,7 +365,7 @@ kotlin {
         val jvmMain by getting {
             project.configurations.getByName("jvmMainCompileOnly")
             dependencies {
-                api("org.jetbrains:annotations:13.0")
+                implementation("org.jetbrains:annotations:13.0")
             }
             val jvmSrcDirs = listOfNotNull(
                 "jvm/src",
@@ -390,7 +389,7 @@ kotlin {
                 optIn("kotlin.io.path.ExperimentalPathApi")
             }
             dependencies {
-                api(kotlinTest("junit"))
+                implementation(kotlinTest("junit"))
             }
             kotlin.srcDir("jvm/test")
             kotlin.srcDir("jdk7/test")
@@ -399,14 +398,14 @@ kotlin {
 
         val jvmLongRunningTest by getting {
             dependencies {
-                api(kotlinTest("junit"))
+                implementation(kotlinTest("junit"))
             }
             kotlin.srcDir("jvm/testLongRunning")
         }
 
         val jvmRecursiveDeletionTest by getting {
             dependencies {
-                api(kotlinTest("junit"))
+                implementation(kotlinTest("junit"))
             }
             kotlin.srcDir("jdk7/recursiveDeletionTest")
         }
diff --git a/native/analysis-api-based-test-utils/build.gradle.kts b/native/analysis-api-based-test-utils/build.gradle.kts
index a2d81ccc4c891..5d0620947e393 100644
--- a/native/analysis-api-based-test-utils/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/native/analysis-api-based-test-utils/build.gradle.kts
@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ description = "Test utils for Analysis API-based Objective-C and Swift exports"
 dependencies {
     compileOnly(kotlinStdlib())
 
-    api(project(":analysis:analysis-api-standalone"))
-    api(libs.junit.jupiter.api)
-    api(libs.junit.jupiter.engine)
-    api(libs.junit.jupiter.params)
+    implementation(project(":analysis:analysis-api-standalone"))
+    implementation(libs.junit.jupiter.api)
+    implementation(libs.junit.jupiter.engine)
+    implementation(libs.junit.jupiter.params)
 }
 
 sourceSets {
     "main" { projectDefault() }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}