Implement sensitivities for BLAS.gemm (#25)

These are ported from Nabla.

Author: ararslan

src/rules/blas.jl

@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@ These implementations were ported from the wonderful DiffLinearAlgebra
 package (https://github.com/invenia/DiffLinearAlgebra.jl).
 =#
 
+using LinearAlgebra: BlasFloat
+using LinearAlgebra.BLAS: gemm
+
 _zeros(x) = fill!(similar(x), zero(eltype(x)))
 
 _rule_via(∂) = Rule(ΔΩ -> isa(ΔΩ, Zero) ? ΔΩ : ∂(extern(ΔΩ)))
@@ -72,3 +75,37 @@ function rrule(f::typeof(BLAS.gemv), tA, A, x)
     Ω, (dtA, dα, dA, dx) = rrule(f, tA, one(eltype(A)), A, x)
     return Ω, (dtA, dA, dx)
 end
+
+#####
+##### `BLAS.gemm`
+#####
+
+function rrule(::typeof(gemm), tA::Char, tB::Char, α::T,
+               A::AbstractMatrix{T}, B::AbstractMatrix{T}) where T<:BlasFloat
+    C = gemm(tA, tB, α, A, B)
+    ∂α = C̄ -> sum(C̄ .* C) / α
+    if uppercase(tA) === 'N'
+        if uppercase(tB) === 'N'
+            ∂A = C̄ -> gemm('N', 'T', α, C̄, B)
+            ∂B = C̄ -> gemm('T', 'N', α, A, C̄)
+        else
+            ∂A = C̄ -> gemm('N', 'N', α, C̄, B)
+            ∂B = C̄ -> gemm('T', 'N', α, C̄, A)
+        end
+    else
+        if uppercase(tB) === 'N'
+            ∂A = C̄ -> gemm('N', 'T', α, B, C̄)
+            ∂B = C̄ -> gemm('N', 'N', α, A, C̄)
+        else
+            ∂A = C̄ -> gemm('T', 'T', α, B, C̄)
+            ∂B = C̄ -> gemm('T', 'T', α, C̄, A)
+        end
+    end
+    return C, (DNERule(), DNERule(), _rule_via(∂α), _rule_via(∂A), _rule_via(∂B))
+end
+
+function rrule(::typeof(gemm), tA::Char, tB::Char,
+               A::AbstractMatrix{T}, B::AbstractMatrix{T}) where T<:BlasFloat
+    C, (dtA, dtB, _, dA, dB) = rrule(gemm, tA, tB, one(T), A, B)
+    return C, (dtA, dtB, dA, dB)
+end

test/rules/blas.jl

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+using LinearAlgebra.BLAS: gemm
+
+@testset "BLAS" begin
+    @testset "gemm" begin
+        rng = MersenneTwister(1)
+        dims = 3:5
+        for m in dims, n in dims, p in dims, tA in ('N', 'T'), tB in ('N', 'T')
+            α = randn(rng)
+            A = randn(rng, tA === 'N' ? (m, n) : (n, m))
+            B = randn(rng, tB === 'N' ? (n, p) : (p, n))
+            C = gemm(tA, tB, α, A, B)
+            fAB, (dtA, dtB, dα, dA, dB) = rrule(gemm, tA, tB, α, A, B)
+            @test C ≈ fAB
+            @test dtA isa ChainRules.DNERule
+            @test dtB isa ChainRules.DNERule
+            for (f, x, dx) in [(X->gemm(tA, tB, X, A, B), α, dα),
+                               (X->gemm(tA, tB, α, X, B), A, dA),
+                               (X->gemm(tA, tB, α, A, X), B, dB)]
+                ȳ = randn(rng, size(C)...)
+                x̄_ad = dx(ȳ)
+                x̄_fd = j′vp(central_fdm(5, 1), f, ȳ, x)
+                @test x̄_ad ≈ x̄_fd rtol=1e-9 atol=1e-9
+            end
+        end
+    end
+end