Use K"function" for short form function AST (#466)

A pain point when writing macros is detecting all the types of things which might be lowered to functions. This is partly due to the existence of short form function definitions which in Julia's classic AST parse with `:(=)` rather than a `:function` head - to detect the meaning of `=`, one needs to traverse recursively into the left hand side of the expression.

This change modifies the parsing of short form functions to use the `K"function"` kind. A new syntax flag `SHORT_FORM_FUNCTION_FLAG` is set to enable AST consumers to detect short vs long form functions.

Author: c42f

docs/src/api.md

@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ JuliaSyntax.COLON_QUOTE
 JuliaSyntax.TOPLEVEL_SEMICOLONS_FLAG
 JuliaSyntax.MUTABLE_FLAG
 JuliaSyntax.BARE_MODULE_FLAG
+JuliaSyntax.SHORT_FORM_FUNCTION_FLAG
 ```
 
 ## Syntax trees

src/expr.jl

@@ -28,11 +28,6 @@ macro isexpr(ex, head, nargs)
       length($(esc(ex)).args) == $(esc(nargs)))
 end
 
-function is_eventually_call(ex)
-    return ex isa Expr && (ex.head === :call ||
-        (ex.head === :where || ex.head === :(::)) && is_eventually_call(ex.args[1]))
-end
-
 function _reorder_parameters!(args::Vector{Any}, params_pos)
     p = 0
     for i = length(args):-1:1
@@ -233,16 +228,6 @@ function _internal_node_to_Expr(source, srcrange, head, childranges, childheads,
 
     if k == K"?"
         headsym = :if
-    elseif k == K"=" && !is_decorated(head)
-        a2 = args[2]
-        if is_eventually_call(args[1])
-            if @isexpr(a2, :block)
-                pushfirst!(a2.args, loc)
-            else
-                # Add block for short form function locations
-                args[2] = Expr(:block, loc, a2)
-            end
-        end
     elseif k == K"macrocall"
         do_lambda = _extract_do_lambda!(args)
         _reorder_parameters!(args, 2)
@@ -399,14 +384,22 @@ function _internal_node_to_Expr(source, srcrange, head, childranges, childheads,
         end
     elseif k == K"function"
         if length(args) > 1
-            a1 = args[1]
-            if @isexpr(a1, :tuple)
-                # Convert to weird Expr forms for long-form anonymous functions.
-                #
-                # (function (tuple (... xs)) body) ==> (function (... xs) body)
-                if length(a1.args) == 1 && (a11 = a1.args[1]; @isexpr(a11, :...))
-                    # function (xs...) \n body end
-                    args[1] = a11
+            if has_flags(head, SHORT_FORM_FUNCTION_FLAG)
+                a2 = args[2]
+                if !@isexpr(a2, :block)
+                    args[2] = Expr(:block, a2)
+                end
+                headsym = :(=)
+            else
+                a1 = args[1]
+                if @isexpr(a1, :tuple)
+                    # Convert to weird Expr forms for long-form anonymous functions.
+                    #
+                    # (function (tuple (... xs)) body) ==> (function (... xs) body)
+                    if length(a1.args) == 1 && (a11 = a1.args[1]; @isexpr(a11, :...))
+                        # function (xs...) \n body end
+                        args[1] = a11
+                    end
                 end
             end
             pushfirst!((args[2]::Expr).args, loc)

src/parse_stream.jl

@@ -49,6 +49,11 @@ Set for K"toplevel" which is delimited by parentheses
 """
 const TOPLEVEL_SEMICOLONS_FLAG = RawFlags(1<<5)
 
+"""
+Set for K"function" in short form definitions such as `f() = 1`
+"""
+const SHORT_FORM_FUNCTION_FLAG = RawFlags(1<<5)
+
 """
 Set for K"struct" when mutable
 """
@@ -143,6 +148,8 @@ function untokenize(head::SyntaxHead; unique=true, include_flag_suff=true)
             has_flags(head, COLON_QUOTE) && (str = str*"-:")
         elseif kind(head) == K"toplevel"
             has_flags(head, TOPLEVEL_SEMICOLONS_FLAG) && (str = str*"-;")
+        elseif kind(head) == K"function"
+            has_flags(head, SHORT_FORM_FUNCTION_FLAG) && (str = str*"-=")
         elseif kind(head) == K"struct"
             has_flags(head, MUTABLE_FLAG) && (str = str*"-mut")
         elseif kind(head) == K"module"
@@ -646,17 +653,17 @@ function peek_behind(stream::ParseStream, pos::ParseStreamPosition)
 end
 
 function first_child_position(stream::ParseStream, pos::ParseStreamPosition)
+    ranges = stream.ranges
+    @assert pos.range_index > 0
+    parent = ranges[pos.range_index]
     # Find the first nontrivia range which is a child of this range but not a
     # child of the child
     c = 0
-    @assert pos.range_index > 0
-    parent = stream.ranges[pos.range_index]
     for i = pos.range_index-1:-1:1
-        if stream.ranges[i].first_token < parent.first_token
+        if ranges[i].first_token < parent.first_token
             break
         end
-        if (c == 0 || stream.ranges[i].first_token < stream.ranges[c].first_token) &&
-           !is_trivia(stream.ranges[i])
+        if (c == 0 || ranges[i].first_token < ranges[c].first_token) && !is_trivia(ranges[i])
             c = i
         end
     end
@@ -670,19 +677,44 @@ function first_child_position(stream::ParseStream, pos::ParseStreamPosition)
         end
     end
 
-    if c != 0
-        if t != 0
-            if stream.ranges[c].first_token > t
-                # Need a child index strictly before `t`. `c=0` works.
-                return ParseStreamPosition(t, 0)
-            else
-                return ParseStreamPosition(stream.ranges[c].last_token, c)
-            end
-        else
-            return ParseStreamPosition(stream.ranges[c].last_token, c)
+    if c == 0 || (t != 0 && ranges[c].first_token > t)
+        # Return leaf node at `t`
+        return ParseStreamPosition(t, 0)
+    else
+        # Return interior node at `c`
+        return ParseStreamPosition(ranges[c].last_token, c)
+    end
+end
+
+function last_child_position(stream::ParseStream, pos::ParseStreamPosition)
+    ranges = stream.ranges
+    @assert pos.range_index > 0
+    parent = ranges[pos.range_index]
+    # Find the last nontrivia range which is a child of this range
+    c = 0
+    if pos.range_index > 1
+        i = pos.range_index-1
+        if ranges[i].first_token >= parent.first_token
+            # Valid child of current range
+            c = i
         end
+    end
+
+    # Find last nontrivia token
+    t = 0
+    for i = parent.last_token:-1:parent.first_token
+        if !is_trivia(stream.tokens[i])
+            t = i
+            break
+        end
+    end
+
+    if c == 0 || (t != 0 && ranges[c].last_token < t)
+        # Return leaf node at `t`
+        return ParseStreamPosition(t, 0)
     else
-        return ParseStreamPosition(t, c)
+        # Return interior node at `c`
+        return ParseStreamPosition(ranges[c].last_token, c)
     end
 end
 

src/parser.jl

@@ -133,6 +133,9 @@ function first_child_position(ps::ParseState, pos::ParseStreamPosition)
     first_child_position(ps.stream, pos)
 end
 
+function last_child_position(ps::ParseState, pos::ParseStreamPosition)
+    last_child_position(ps.stream, pos)
+end
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Parser Utils
 
@@ -325,6 +328,12 @@ function was_eventually_call(ps::ParseState)
             return true
         elseif b.kind == K"where" || b.kind == K"parens" ||
                 (b.kind == K"::" && has_flags(b.flags, INFIX_FLAG))
+            if b.kind == K"::"
+                p_last = last_child_position(ps, p)
+                if p == p_last
+                    return false
+                end
+            end
             p = first_child_position(ps, p)
         else
             return false
@@ -618,12 +627,19 @@ function parse_assignment_with_initial_ex(ps::ParseState, mark, down::T) where {
         parse_assignment(ps, down)
         emit(ps, mark, is_dotted(t) ? K"dotcall" : K"call", INFIX_FLAG)
     else
-        # a += b  ==>  (+= a b)
-        # a .= b  ==>  (.= a b)
+        # f() = 1  ==>  (function-= (call f) 1)
+        # f() .= 1 ==>  (.= (call f) 1)
+        # a += b   ==>  (+= a b)
+        # a .= b   ==>  (.= a b)
+        is_short_form_func = k == K"=" && !is_dotted(t) && was_eventually_call(ps)
         bump(ps, TRIVIA_FLAG)
         bump_trivia(ps)
+        # Syntax Edition TODO: We'd like to call `down` here when
+        # is_short_form_func is true, to prevent `f() = 1 = 2` from parsing.
         parse_assignment(ps, down)
-        emit(ps, mark, k, flags(t))
+        emit(ps, mark,
+             is_short_form_func ? K"function" : k,
+             is_short_form_func ? SHORT_FORM_FUNCTION_FLAG : flags(t))
     end
 end
 

test/parse_packages.jl

@@ -20,7 +20,13 @@ base_path = let
     p
 end
 @testset "Parse Base at $base_path" begin
-    test_parse_all_in_path(base_path)
+    test_parse_all_in_path(base_path) do f
+        if endswith(f, "gmp.jl")
+            # Loose comparison due to `f(::g(w) = z) = a` syntax
+            return exprs_roughly_equal
+        end
+        return exprs_equal_no_linenum
+    end
 end
 
 base_tests_path = joinpath(Sys.BINDIR, Base.DATAROOTDIR, "julia", "test")

test/parse_stream.jl

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ using JuliaSyntax: ParseStream,
     peek, peek_token,
     bump, bump_trivia, bump_invisible,
     emit, emit_diagnostic, TRIVIA_FLAG, INFIX_FLAG,
-    ParseStreamPosition, first_child_position
+    ParseStreamPosition, first_child_position, last_child_position
 
 # Here we manually issue parse events in the order the Julia parser would issue
 # them
@@ -110,27 +110,40 @@ end
     st = parse_sexpr("((a b) c)")
     child1_pos = first_child_position(st, position(st))
     @test child1_pos == ParseStreamPosition(7, 1)
-    child2_pos = first_child_position(st, child1_pos)
-    @test child2_pos == ParseStreamPosition(4, 0)
+    @test first_child_position(st, child1_pos) == ParseStreamPosition(4, 0)
+    @test last_child_position(st, position(st)) == ParseStreamPosition(9, 0)
+    @test last_child_position(st, child1_pos) == ParseStreamPosition(6, 0)
 
     st = parse_sexpr("( (a b) c)")
     child1_pos = first_child_position(st, position(st))
     @test child1_pos == ParseStreamPosition(8, 1)
-    child2_pos = first_child_position(st, child1_pos)
-    @test child2_pos == ParseStreamPosition(5, 0)
+    @test first_child_position(st, child1_pos) == ParseStreamPosition(5, 0)
+    @test last_child_position(st, position(st)) == ParseStreamPosition(10, 0)
+    @test last_child_position(st, child1_pos) == ParseStreamPosition(7, 0)
 
     st = parse_sexpr("(a (b c))")
     @test first_child_position(st, position(st)) == ParseStreamPosition(3, 0)
+    child2_pos = last_child_position(st, position(st))
+    @test child2_pos == ParseStreamPosition(9, 1)
+    @test first_child_position(st, child2_pos) == ParseStreamPosition(6, 0)
+    @test last_child_position(st, child2_pos) == ParseStreamPosition(8, 0)
 
     st = parse_sexpr("( a (b c))")
     @test first_child_position(st, position(st)) == ParseStreamPosition(4, 0)
+    child2_pos = last_child_position(st, position(st))
+    @test child2_pos == ParseStreamPosition(10, 1)
+    @test first_child_position(st, child2_pos) == ParseStreamPosition(7, 0)
+    @test last_child_position(st, child2_pos) == ParseStreamPosition(9, 0)
 
     st = parse_sexpr("a (b c)")
     @test first_child_position(st, position(st)) == ParseStreamPosition(5, 0)
+    @test last_child_position(st, position(st)) == ParseStreamPosition(7, 0)
 
     st = parse_sexpr("(a) (b c)")
     @test first_child_position(st, position(st)) == ParseStreamPosition(7, 0)
+    @test last_child_position(st, position(st)) == ParseStreamPosition(9, 0)
 
     st = parse_sexpr("(() ())")
     @test first_child_position(st, position(st)) == ParseStreamPosition(4, 1)
+    @test last_child_position(st, position(st)) == ParseStreamPosition(7, 2)
 end

test/parser.jl

@@ -71,6 +71,13 @@ tests = [
         "a .~ b"      =>  "(dotcall-i a ~ b)"
         "[a ~ b c]"   =>  "(hcat (call-i a ~ b) c)"
         "[a~b]"       =>  "(vect (call-i a ~ b))"
+        "f(x) .= 1"   =>  "(.= (call f x) 1)"
+        "::g() = 1"   =>  "(= (::-pre (call g)) 1)"
+        "f(x) = 1"    =>  "(function-= (call f x) 1)"
+        "f(x)::T = 1" =>  "(function-= (::-i (call f x) T) 1)"
+        "f(x) where S where U = 1" =>  "(function-= (where (where (call f x) S) U) 1)"
+        "(f(x)::T) where S = 1" =>  "(function-= (where (parens (::-i (call f x) T)) S) 1)"
+        "f(x) = 1 = 2"    =>  "(function-= (call f x) (= 1 2))" # Should be a warning!
     ],
     JuliaSyntax.parse_pair => [
         "a => b"  =>  "(call-i a => b)"
@@ -449,7 +456,7 @@ tests = [
     ],
     JuliaSyntax.parse_resword => [
         # In normal_context
-        "begin f() where T = x end" => "(block (= (where (call f) T) x))"
+        "begin f() where T = x end" => "(block (function-= (where (call f) T) x))"
         # block
         "begin end"         =>  "(block)"
         "begin a ; b end"   =>  "(block a b)"
@@ -955,14 +962,14 @@ tests = [
         "if true \n public A, B \n end"                 => PARSE_ERROR
         "public export=true foo, bar"                   => PARSE_ERROR # but these may be
         "public experimental=true foo, bar"             => PARSE_ERROR # supported soon ;)
-        "public(x::String) = false"                     => "(= (call public (::-i x String)) false)"
+        "public(x::String) = false"                     => "(function-= (call public (::-i x String)) false)"
         "module M; export @a; end"                      => "(module M (block (export @a)))"
         "module M; public @a; end"                      => "(module M (block (public @a)))"
         "module M; export ⤈; end"                       => "(module M (block (export ⤈)))"
         "module M; public ⤈; end"                       => "(module M (block (public ⤈)))"
         "public = 4"                                    => "(= public 4)"
         "public[7] = 5"                                 => "(= (ref public 7) 5)"
-        "public() = 6"                                  => "(= (call public) 6)"
+        "public() = 6"                                  => "(function-= (call public) 6)"
     ]),
     JuliaSyntax.parse_docstring => [
         """ "notdoc" ]        """ => "(string \"notdoc\")"

test/test_utils.jl

@@ -96,6 +96,11 @@ function exprs_equal_no_linenum(fl_ex, ex)
     remove_all_linenums!(deepcopy(ex)) == remove_all_linenums!(deepcopy(fl_ex))
 end
 
+function is_eventually_call(ex)
+    return ex isa Expr && (ex.head === :call ||
+        (ex.head === :where || ex.head === :(::)) && is_eventually_call(ex.args[1]))
+end
+
 # Compare Expr from reference parser expression to JuliaSyntax parser, ignoring
 # differences due to bugs in the reference parser.
 function exprs_roughly_equal(fl_ex, ex)
@@ -149,7 +154,7 @@ function exprs_roughly_equal(fl_ex, ex)
         fl_args[1] = Expr(:tuple, Expr(:parameters, kwargs...), posargs...)
     elseif h == :for
         iterspec = args[1]
-        if JuliaSyntax.is_eventually_call(iterspec.args[1]) &&
+        if is_eventually_call(iterspec.args[1]) &&
                 Meta.isexpr(iterspec.args[2], :block)
             blk = iterspec.args[2]
             if length(blk.args) == 2 && blk.args[1] isa LineNumberNode
@@ -158,6 +163,11 @@ function exprs_roughly_equal(fl_ex, ex)
                 iterspec.args[2] = blk.args[2]
             end
         end
+    elseif (h == :(=) || h == :kw) && Meta.isexpr(fl_args[1], :(::), 1) &&
+             Meta.isexpr(fl_args[2], :block, 2) && fl_args[2].args[1] isa LineNumberNode
+        # The flisp parser adds an extra block around `w` in the following case
+        # f(::g(z) = w) = 1
+        fl_args[2] = fl_args[2].args[2]
     end
     if length(fl_args) != length(args)
         return false
@@ -169,9 +179,7 @@ function exprs_roughly_equal(fl_ex, ex)
         fl_args[1] = Expr(:macrocall, map(kw_to_eq, args[1].args)...)
     end
     for i = 1:length(args)
-        flarg = fl_args[i]
-        arg = args[i]
-        if !exprs_roughly_equal(flarg, arg)
+        if !exprs_roughly_equal(fl_args[i], args[i])
             return false
         end
     end
@@ -307,7 +315,7 @@ between flisp and JuliaSyntax parsers and return the source text of those
 subtrees.
 """
 function reduce_tree(text::AbstractString; kws...)
-    tree = parseall(SyntaxNode, text)
+    tree = parseall(SyntaxNode, text, ignore_warnings=true)
     sourcetext.(reduce_tree(tree; kws...))
 end