fix and test that a certain broadcast pattern doesn't allocate (#33007)

Author: KristofferC

base/broadcast.jl

@@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ function check_broadcast_shape(shp, Ashp::Tuple)
     _bcsm(shp[1], Ashp[1]) || throw(DimensionMismatch("array could not be broadcast to match destination"))
     check_broadcast_shape(tail(shp), tail(Ashp))
 end
-check_broadcast_axes(shp, A) = check_broadcast_shape(shp, axes(A))
+@inline check_broadcast_axes(shp, A) = check_broadcast_shape(shp, axes(A))
 # comparing many inputs
 @inline function check_broadcast_axes(shp, A, As...)
     check_broadcast_axes(shp, A)