fix several minor issues in docstrings and comments (#59531)

mostly NFC grammatical issues except for the ones in `sort.jl` which
also make the docstring signatures match the implemented signatures

Author: adienes

base/abstractarray.jl

@@ -967,7 +967,7 @@ function copyto!(dest::AbstractArray, dstart::Integer, src)
     return dest
 end
 
-# copy from an some iterable object into an AbstractArray
+# copy from an iterable object into an AbstractArray
 function copyto!(dest::AbstractArray, dstart::Integer, src, sstart::Integer)
     if (sstart < 1)
         throw(ArgumentError(LazyString("source start offset (",sstart,") is < 1")))

base/asyncevent.jl

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 """
     AsyncCondition()
 
-Create a async condition that wakes up tasks waiting for it
+Create an async condition that wakes up tasks waiting for it
 (by calling [`wait`](@ref) on the object)
 when notified from C by a call to `uv_async_send`.
 Waiting tasks are woken with an error when the object is closed (by [`close`](@ref)).
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ end
 """
     AsyncCondition(callback::Function)
 
-Create a async condition that calls the given `callback` function. The `callback` is passed one argument,
+Create an async condition that calls the given `callback` function. The `callback` is passed one argument,
 the async condition object itself.
 """
 function AsyncCondition(cb::Function)

base/binaryplatforms.jl

@@ -858,7 +858,7 @@ function parse_dl_name_version(path::AbstractString, os::AbstractString=_this_os
 end
 
 function get_csl_member(member::Symbol)
-    # If CompilerSupportLibraries_jll is an stdlib, we can just grab things from it
+    # If CompilerSupportLibraries_jll is a stdlib, we can just grab things from it
     csl_pkgids = filter(pkgid -> pkgid.name == "CompilerSupportLibraries_jll", keys(Base.loaded_modules))
     if !isempty(csl_pkgids)
         CSL_mod = Base.loaded_modules[first(csl_pkgids)]
@@ -881,7 +881,7 @@ detected.
 """
 function detect_libgfortran_version()
     function get_libgfortran_path()
-        # If CompilerSupportLibraries_jll is an stdlib, we can just directly ask for
+        # If CompilerSupportLibraries_jll is a stdlib, we can just directly ask for
         # the path here, without checking `dllist()`:
         libgfortran_path = get_csl_member(:libgfortran_path)
         if libgfortran_path !== nothing
@@ -923,7 +923,7 @@ it is linked against (if any).  `max_minor_version` is the latest version in the
 """
 function detect_libstdcxx_version(max_minor_version::Int=30)
     function get_libstdcxx_handle()
-        # If CompilerSupportLibraries_jll is an stdlib, we can just directly open it
+        # If CompilerSupportLibraries_jll is a stdlib, we can just directly open it
         libstdcxx = get_csl_member(:libstdcxx)
         if libstdcxx !== nothing
             return nothing

base/dict.jl

@@ -900,7 +900,7 @@ end
 """
     PersistentDict
 
-`PersistentDict` is a dictionary implemented as an hash array mapped trie,
+`PersistentDict` is a dictionary implemented as a hash array mapped trie,
 which is optimal for situations where you need persistence, each operation
 returns a new dictionary separate from the previous one, but the underlying
 implementation is space-efficient and may share storage across multiple

base/iobuffer.jl

@@ -515,7 +515,7 @@ function seek(io::GenericIOBuffer, n::Int)
     end
 
     # TODO: REPL.jl relies on the fact that this does not throw (by seeking past the beginning or end
-    #       of an GenericIOBuffer), so that would need to be fixed in order to throw an error here
+    #       of a GenericIOBuffer), so that would need to be fixed in order to throw an error here
     max_ptr = io.size + 1
     min_ptr = get_offset(io) + 1
     io.ptr = clamp(translate_seek_position(io, n), min_ptr, max_ptr)

base/multimedia.jl

@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ function displayable(m::MIME)
 end
 
 ###########################################################################
-# The redisplay method can be overridden by a AbstractDisplay in order to
+# The redisplay method can be overridden by an AbstractDisplay in order to
 # update an existing display (instead of, for example, opening a new
 # window), and is used by the IJulia interface to defer display
 # until the next interactive prompt.  This is especially useful

base/regex.jl

@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ julia> keys(match(r"(?<hour>\\d+):(?<minute>\\d+)(am|pm)?", "11:30"))
 function keys(m::RegexMatch)
     idx_to_capture_name = PCRE.capture_names(m.regex.regex)
     return map(eachindex(m.captures)) do i
-        # If the capture group is named, return it's name, else return it's index
+        # If the capture group is named, return its name, else return its index
         get(idx_to_capture_name, i, i)
     end
 end

base/sort.jl

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ function issorted(itr, order::Ordering)
 end
 
 """
-    issorted(v, lt=isless, by=identity, rev::Bool=false, order::Base.Order.Ordering=Base.Order.Forward)
+    issorted(itr, lt=isless, by=identity, rev::Bool=false, order::Base.Order.Ordering=Base.Order.Forward)
 
 Test whether a collection is in sorted order. The keywords modify what
 order is considered sorted, as described in the [`sort!`](@ref) documentation.
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ maybeview(v, k) = view(v, k)
 maybeview(v, k::Integer) = v[k]
 
 """
-    partialsort!(v, k; by=identity, lt=isless, rev=false)
+    partialsort!(v, k; by=identity, lt=isless, rev=false, order::Base.Order.Ordering=Base.Order.Forward)
 
 Mutate the vector `v` so that the value at index `k` (or
 range of adjacent values if `k` is a range) occurs
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ partialsort!(v::AbstractVector, k::Union{Integer,OrdinalRange};
     partialsort!(v, k, ord(lt,by,rev,order); kws...)
 
 """
-    partialsort(v, k, by=identity, lt=isless, rev=false)
+    partialsort(v, k, by=identity, lt=isless, rev=false, order::Base.Order.Ordering=Base.Order.Forward)
 
 Variant of [`partialsort!`](@ref) that copies `v` before partially sorting it, thereby returning the
 same thing as `partialsort!` but leaving `v` unmodified.

base/special/exp.jl

@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ exp10(x)
         reinterpret(Float64, 0x0000_0000_0000_0001 << ((x + 1074) % UInt))
     else
         # We will cast everything to Int64 to avoid errors in case of Int128
-        # If x is a Int128, and is outside the range of Int64, then it is not -1023<x<=1023
+        # If x is an Int128, and is outside the range of Int64, then it is not -1023<x<=1023
         reinterpret(Float64, (exponent_bias(Float64) + (x % Int64)) << (significand_bits(Float64) % UInt))
     end
 end

base/strings/annotated.jl

@@ -233,8 +233,8 @@ See also [`AnnotatedString`](@ref) and [`AnnotatedChar`](@ref).
 ## Examples
 
 ```jldoctest; setup=:(using Base: AnnotatedString, annotatedstring)
-julia> annotatedstring("now a AnnotatedString")
-"now a AnnotatedString"
+julia> annotatedstring("now an AnnotatedString")
+"now an AnnotatedString"
 
 julia> annotatedstring(AnnotatedString("annotated", [(1:9, :label, 1)]), ", and unannotated")
 "annotated, and unannotated"