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|`low_Mach`| Integer | Low Mach number correction for HLLC Riemann solver: [0] None; [1] Pressure (Chen et al. 2022); [2] Velocity (Thornber et al. 2008) |
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|`avg_state`| Integer | Averaged state evaluation method: [1] Roe average*; [2] Arithmetic mean |
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|`wave_speeds`| Integer | Wave-speed estimation: [1] Direct (Batten et al. 1997); [2] Pressure-velocity* (Toro 1999) |
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-`riemann_solver` specifies the choice of the Riemann solver that is used in simulation by an integer from 1 through 3.
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`riemann_solver = 1`, `2`, and `3` correspond to HLL, HLLC, and Exact Riemann solver, respectively ([Toro, 2013](references.md#Toro13)).
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`riemann_solver = 4` is only for MHD simulations. It resolves 5 of the full seven-wave structure of the MHD equations ([Miyoshi and Kusano, 2005](references.md#Miyoshi05)).
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-`low_Mach` specifies the choice of the low Mach number correction scheme for the HLLC Riemann solver. `low_Mach = 0` is default value and does not apply any correction scheme. `low_Mach = 1` and `2` apply the anti-dissipation pressure correction method ([Chen et al., 2022](references.md#Chen22)) and the improved velocity reconstruction method ([Thornber et al., 2008](references.md#Thornber08)). This feature requires `riemann_solver = 2` and `model_eqns = 2`.
|`powell`| Logical | Enable Powell's method for solenoidal constraint |
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|`fd_order`| Integer | Finite difference order for Powell's method |
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|`Bx[y,z]`| Real | Initial magnetic field in the x[y,z] direction |
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|`Bx0`| Real | Constant magnetic field in the x direction (1D only)|
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-`mhd` is currently only available for single-component flows and 5-equation model. Its compatibility with most other features is work in progress.
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-`relativity` only works for `mhd` enabled and activates relativistic MHD (RMHD) simulation.
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-`powell` activates Powell's eight-wave method to impose the solenoidal constraint in the MHD simulation [Powell (1994)](references.md#Powell94). It should not be used in conjunction with HLLD (`riemann_solver = 4`).
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-`fd_order` specifies the finite difference order for computing the RHS of the Powell's method. `fd_order = 1`, `2`, and `4` are allowed.
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-`Bx0` is only used in 1D simulations to specify the constant magnetic field in the x direction. It must be specified in 1D simulations. `Bx` must not be used in 1D simulations.
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-`Bx`, `By`, and `Bz` are used to specify the initial magnetic field in the x, y, and z directions, respectively. They must be specified in all 1D/2D/3D MHD simulations, with the exception of `Bx` in 1D simulations.
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Note: In 1D/2D/3D simulations, all three velocity components are treated as state variables and must be specified in the case file.
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Note: For relativistic flow, the conservative and primitive densities are different. `rho_wrt` outputs the primitive (rest mass) density.
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### 15. Cylindrical Coordinates
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When ``cyl_coord = 'T'`` is set in 3D the following constraints must be met:
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- <aid="Tiwari13">Tiwari, A., Freund, J. B., and Pantano, C. (2013). A diffuse interface model with immiscibility preservation. Journal of computational physics, 252:290–309.</a>
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- <aid="Toro13">Toro, E. F. (2013). Riemann solvers and numerical methods for fluid dynamics: a practical introduction. Springer Science & Business Media.</a>
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- <aid="Miyoshi05">Miyoishi, T., and Kusano, K. (2005). A multi-state HLL approximate Riemann solver for ideal magnetohydrodynamics. Journal of Computational Physics, 208(1), 315-344.</a>
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- <aid="Powell94">Powell, K. G. (1994). An approximate Riemann solver for magnetohydrodynamics: (That works in more than one dimension). In Upwind and high-resolution schemes (pp. 570-583). Springer.</a>
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