TLS 1.3: Add mbedtls_ssl_write_early_data() API

include/mbedtls/ssl.h

@@ -734,6 +734,51 @@ typedef enum {
 }
 mbedtls_ssl_states;
 
+/*
+ * Early data status, client side only.
+ */
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA) && defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_CLI_C)
+typedef enum {
+/*
+ * The client has not sent the first ClientHello yet, it is unknown if the
+ * client will send an early data indication extension or not.
+ */
+    MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_UNKNOWN,
+
+/*
+ * See documentation of mbedtls_ssl_get_early_data_status().
+ */
+    MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_NOT_SENT,
+    MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_ACCEPTED,
+    MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_REJECTED,
+
+/*
+ * The client has sent an early data indication extension in its first
+ * ClientHello, it has not received the response (ServerHello or
+ * HelloRetryRequest) from the server yet. The transform to protect early data
+ * is not set and early data cannot be sent yet.
+ */
+    MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_SENT,
+
+/*
+ * The client has sent an early data indication extension in its first
+ * ClientHello, it has not received the response (ServerHello or
+ * HelloRetryRequest) from the server yet. The transform to protect early data
+ * has been set and early data can be written now.
+ */
+    MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_CAN_WRITE,
+
+/*
+ * The client has sent an early data indication extension in its first
+ * ClientHello, the server has accepted them and the client has received the
+ * server Finished message. It cannot send early data to the server anymore.
+ */
+    MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_SERVER_FINISHED_RECEIVED,
+} mbedtls_ssl_early_data_status;
+
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA && MBEDTLS_SSL_CLI_C */
+
 /**
  * \brief          Callback type: send data on the network.
  *
@@ -1657,33 +1702,29 @@ struct mbedtls_ssl_context {
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_RENEGOTIATION */
 
     /**
-     *  Maximum TLS version to be negotiated, then negotiated TLS version.
+     * Maximum TLS version to be negotiated, then negotiated TLS version.
      *
-     *  It is initialized as the configured maximum TLS version to be
-     *  negotiated by mbedtls_ssl_setup().
+     * It is initialized as the configured maximum TLS version to be
+     * negotiated by mbedtls_ssl_setup().
      *
-     *  When renegotiating or resuming a session, it is overwritten in the
-     *  ClientHello writing preparation stage with the previously negotiated
-     *  TLS version.
+     * When renegotiating or resuming a session, it is overwritten in the
+     * ClientHello writing preparation stage with the previously negotiated
+     * TLS version.
      *
-     *  On client side, it is updated to the TLS version selected by the server
-     *  for the handshake when the ServerHello is received.
+     * On client side, it is updated to the TLS version selected by the server
+     * for the handshake when the ServerHello is received.
      *
-     *  On server side, it is updated to the TLS version the server selects for
-     *  the handshake when the ClientHello is received.
+     * On server side, it is updated to the TLS version the server selects for
+     * the handshake when the ClientHello is received.
      */
     mbedtls_ssl_protocol_version MBEDTLS_PRIVATE(tls_version);
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA) && defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_CLI_C)
     /**
-     *  Status of the negotiation of the use of early data.
-     *  See the documentation of mbedtls_ssl_get_early_data_status() for more
-     *  information.
-     *
-     *  Reset to #MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_NOT_SENT when the context is
-     *  reset.
+     * Status of the negotiation of the use of early data. Reset to
+     * MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_UNKNOWN when the context is reset.
      */
-    int MBEDTLS_PRIVATE(early_data_status);
+    mbedtls_ssl_early_data_status MBEDTLS_PRIVATE(early_data_status);
 #endif
 
     unsigned MBEDTLS_PRIVATE(badmac_seen);       /*!< records with a bad MAC received    */
@@ -5106,10 +5147,6 @@ int mbedtls_ssl_close_notify(mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl);
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA)
 
-#define MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_NOT_SENT  1
-#define MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_ACCEPTED  2
-#define MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_REJECTED  3
-
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_SRV_C)
 /**
  * \brief          Read at most 'len' bytes of early data
@@ -5162,17 +5199,43 @@ int mbedtls_ssl_read_early_data(mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl,
  * \brief          Try to write exactly 'len' application data bytes while
  *                 performing the handshake (early data).
  *
+ * \warning        Early data is defined in the TLS 1.3 specification, RFC 8446.
+ *                 IMPORTANT NOTE from section 2.3 of the specification:
+ *
+ *                 The security properties for 0-RTT data are weaker than
+ *                 those for other kinds of TLS data. Specifically:
+ *                 - This data is not forward secret, as it is encrypted
+ *                   solely under keys derived using the offered PSK.
+ *                 - There are no guarantees of non-replay between connections.
+ *                   Protection against replay for ordinary TLS 1.3 1-RTT data
+ *                   is provided via the server's Random value, but 0-RTT data
+ *                   does not depend on the ServerHello and therefore has
+ *                   weaker guarantees. This is especially relevant if the
+ *                   data is authenticated either with TLS client
+ *                   authentication or inside the application protocol. The
+ *                   same warnings apply to any use of the
+ *                   early_exporter_master_secret.
+ *
  * \note           This function behaves mainly as mbedtls_ssl_write(). The
  *                 specification of mbedtls_ssl_write() relevant to TLS 1.3
  *                 (thus not the parts specific to (D)TLS1.2) applies to this
- *                 function and the present documentation is restricted to the
- *                 differences with mbedtls_ssl_write().
+ *                 function and the present documentation is mainly restricted
+ *                 to the differences with mbedtls_ssl_write(). One noticeable
+ *                 difference though is that mbedtls_ssl_write() aims to
+ *                 complete the handshake before to write application data
+ *                 while mbedtls_ssl_write_early() aims to drive the handshake
+ *                 just past the point where it is not possible to send early
+ *                 data anymore.
  *
  * \param ssl      SSL context
  * \param buf      buffer holding the data
  * \param len      how many bytes must be written
  *
- * \return         One additional specific return value:
+ * \return         The (non-negative) number of bytes actually written if
+ *                 successful (may be less than \p len).
+ *
+ * \return         One additional specific error code compared to
+ *                 mbedtls_ssl_write():
  *                 #MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CANNOT_WRITE_EARLY_DATA.
  *
  *                 #MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CANNOT_WRITE_EARLY_DATA is returned when it
@@ -5193,9 +5256,11 @@ int mbedtls_ssl_read_early_data(mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl,
  *                 already completed.
  *
  *                 It is not possible to write early data for the SSL context
- *                 \p ssl but this does not preclude for using it with
+ *                 \p ssl and any subsequent call to this API will return this
+ *                 error code. But this does not preclude for using it with
  *                 mbedtls_ssl_write(), mbedtls_ssl_read() or
- *                 mbedtls_ssl_handshake().
+ *                 mbedtls_ssl_handshake() and the handshake can be
+ *                 completed by calling one of these APIs.
  *
  * \note           This function may write early data only if the SSL context
  *                 has been configured for the handshake with a PSK for which

library/ssl_debug_helpers.h

@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@
 
 const char *mbedtls_ssl_states_str(mbedtls_ssl_states in);
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA) && defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_CLI_C)
+const char *mbedtls_ssl_early_data_status_str(mbedtls_ssl_early_data_status in);
+#endif
+
 const char *mbedtls_ssl_protocol_version_str(mbedtls_ssl_protocol_version in);
 
 const char *mbedtls_tls_prf_types_str(mbedtls_tls_prf_types in);

library/ssl_misc.h

@@ -665,21 +665,21 @@ struct mbedtls_ssl_handshake_params {
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_CLI_C)
     /** Minimum TLS version to be negotiated.
      *
-     *  It is set up in the ClientHello writing preparation stage and used
-     *  throughout the ClientHello writing. Not relevant anymore as soon as
-     *  the protocol version has been negotiated thus as soon as the
-     *  ServerHello is received.
-     *  For a fresh handshake not linked to any previous handshake, it is
-     *  equal to the configured minimum minor version to be negotiated. When
-     *  renegotiating or resuming a session, it is equal to the previously
-     *  negotiated minor version.
+     * It is set up in the ClientHello writing preparation stage and used
+     * throughout the ClientHello writing. Not relevant anymore as soon as
+     * the protocol version has been negotiated thus as soon as the
+     * ServerHello is received.
+     * For a fresh handshake not linked to any previous handshake, it is
+     * equal to the configured minimum minor version to be negotiated. When
+     * renegotiating or resuming a session, it is equal to the previously
+     * negotiated minor version.
      *
-     *  There is no maximum TLS version field in this handshake context.
-     *  From the start of the handshake, we need to define a current protocol
-     *  version for the record layer which we define as the maximum TLS
-     *  version to be negotiated. The `tls_version` field of the SSL context is
-     *  used to store this maximum value until it contains the actual
-     *  negotiated value.
+     * There is no maximum TLS version field in this handshake context.
+     * From the start of the handshake, we need to define a current protocol
+     * version for the record layer which we define as the maximum TLS
+     * version to be negotiated. The `tls_version` field of the SSL context is
+     * used to store this maximum value until it contains the actual
+     * negotiated value.
      */
     mbedtls_ssl_protocol_version min_tls_version;
 #endif
@@ -730,16 +730,21 @@ struct mbedtls_ssl_handshake_params {
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_3)
     uint8_t key_exchange_mode; /*!< Selected key exchange mode */
 
-    /** Number of HelloRetryRequest messages received/sent from/to the server. */
-    uint8_t hello_retry_request_count;
+    /**
+     * Flag indicating if, in the course of the current handshake, an
+     * HelloRetryRequest message has been sent by the server or received by
+     * the client (<> 0) or not (0).
+     */
+    uint8_t hello_retry_request_flag;
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_TLS1_3_COMPATIBILITY_MODE)
     /**
-     *  Number of dummy change_cipher_spec (CCS) record sent. Used to send only
-     *  one CCS per handshake without having to complicate the handshake state
-     *  transitions.
+     * Flag indicating if, in the course of the current handshake, a dummy
+     * change_cipher_spec (CCS) record has already been sent. Used to send only
+     * one CCS per handshake while not complicating the handshake state
+     * transitions for that purpose.
      */
-    uint8_t ccs_count;
+    uint8_t ccs_sent;
 #endif
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_SRV_C)
@@ -2145,38 +2150,6 @@ int mbedtls_ssl_tls13_write_early_data_ext(mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl,
                                            unsigned char *buf,
                                            const unsigned char *end,
                                            size_t *out_len);
-
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_CLI_C)
-/*
- * The client has not sent the first ClientHello yet, it is unknown if the
- * client will send an early data indication extension or not.
- */
-#define MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_UNKNOWN 0
-
-/*
- * The client has sent an early data indication extension in its first
- * ClientHello, it has not received the response (ServerHello or
- * HelloRetryRequest) from the server yet. The transform to protect early data
- * is not set and early data cannot be sent yet.
- */
-#define MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_SENT 4
-
-/*
- * The client has sent an early data indication extension in its first
- * ClientHello, it has not received the response (ServerHello or
- * HelloRetryRequest) from the server yet. The transform to protect early data
- * has been set and early data can be written now.
- */
-#define MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_CAN_WRITE 5
-
-/*
- * The client has sent an early data indication extension in its first
- * ClientHello, the server has accepted them and the client has received the
- * server Finished message. It cannot send early data to the server anymore.
- */
-#define MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_SERVER_FINISHED_RECEIVED 6
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_CLI_C */
-
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA */
 
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_3 */

library/ssl_msg.c

@@ -6058,6 +6058,94 @@ int mbedtls_ssl_write(mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl, const unsigned char *buf, size_t
     return ret;
 }
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA) && defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_CLI_C)
+int mbedtls_ssl_write_early_data(mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl,
+                                 const unsigned char *buf, size_t len)
+{
+    int ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_ERROR_CORRUPTION_DETECTED;
+    const struct mbedtls_ssl_config *conf;
+    int written_data_len = 0;
+
+    MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG(2, ("=> write early_data"));
+
+    if (ssl == NULL || (conf = ssl->conf) == NULL) {
+        return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_INPUT_DATA;
+    }
+
+    if (conf->endpoint != MBEDTLS_SSL_IS_CLIENT) {
+        return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_INPUT_DATA;
+    }
+
+    if ((!mbedtls_ssl_conf_is_tls13_enabled(conf)) ||
+        (conf->transport == MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_DATAGRAM) ||
+        (conf->early_data_enabled != MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_ENABLED)) {
+        return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CANNOT_WRITE_EARLY_DATA;
+    }
+
+    if (ssl->tls_version != MBEDTLS_SSL_VERSION_TLS1_3) {
+        return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CANNOT_WRITE_EARLY_DATA;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * If we are at the beginning of the handshake, the early data status being
+     * equal to MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_UNKNOWN or
+     * MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_SENT advance the handshake just
+     * enough to be able to send early data if possible. That way, we can
+     * guarantee that when starting the handshake with this function we will
+     * send at least one record of early data. Note that when the status is
+     * MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_SENT and not yet
+     * MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_CAN_WRITE, we cannot send early data yet
+     * as the early data outbound transform has not been set as we may have to
+     * first send a dummy CCS in clear.
+     */
+    if ((ssl->early_data_status == MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_UNKNOWN) ||
+        (ssl->early_data_status == MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_SENT)) {
+        while ((ssl->early_data_status == MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_UNKNOWN) ||
+               (ssl->early_data_status == MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_SENT)) {
+            ret = mbedtls_ssl_handshake_step(ssl);
+            if (ret != 0) {
+                MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET(1, "mbedtls_ssl_handshake_step", ret);
+                return ret;
+            }
+
+            ret = mbedtls_ssl_flush_output(ssl);
+            if (ret != 0) {
+                MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET(1, "mbedtls_ssl_flush_output", ret);
+                return ret;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        /*
+         * If we are past the point where we can send early data, return
+         * immediatly. Otherwise, progress the handshake as much as possible to
+         * not delay it too much. If we reach a point where we can still send
+         * early data, then we will send some.
+         */
+        if ((ssl->early_data_status != MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_CAN_WRITE) &&
+            (ssl->early_data_status != MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_ACCEPTED)) {
+            return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CANNOT_WRITE_EARLY_DATA;
+        }
+
+        ret = mbedtls_ssl_handshake(ssl);
+        if ((ret != 0) && (ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ)) {
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET(1, "mbedtls_ssl_handshake", ret);
+            return ret;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ((ssl->early_data_status != MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_CAN_WRITE) &&
+        (ssl->early_data_status != MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA_STATUS_ACCEPTED)) {
+        return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CANNOT_WRITE_EARLY_DATA;
+    }
+
+    written_data_len = ssl_write_real(ssl, buf, len);
+
+    MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG(2, ("<= write early_data, len=%d", written_data_len));
+
+    return written_data_len;
+}
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_EARLY_DATA && MBEDTLS_SSL_CLI_C */
+
 /*
  * Notify the peer that the connection is being closed
  */