Fix incorrect case/capitalization in ref docs

This ensures the following components have the correct/consistent case
throughout the reference documentation:

Preference variable, PS environment variable, PS drive, PS provider,
PS command name, PS command argument, PS module, PS file extension,
PS host name/application, #Requires statement, parameter name,
about_* topic, member name, scope modifier, keyword, operator,
calculated property key/value, attribute, type accelerator,
type literal/name, WMI namespace/class, variable name,
special character, comment-based help keyword, product/company name,
Windows drive letter/directory, Windows/Unix environment variable

In addition, changes include fixes to incorrect terminology (e.g.,
referring to a keyword as a command) and formatting of PS syntax
elements (non-exhaustive).

Author: surfingoldelephant

reference/5.1/CimCmdlets/Set-CimInstance.md

@@ -234,9 +234,9 @@ Accept wildcard characters: False
 
 ### -Namespace
 
-Specifies the namespace for the CIM operation. The default namespace is root/cimv2. You can use tab
-completion to browse the list of namespaces, because PowerShell gets a list of namespaces from the
-local WMI server to provide the list of namespaces.
+Specifies the namespace for the CIM operation. The default namespace is **root/CIMV2**. You can use
+tab completion to browse the list of namespaces, because PowerShell gets a list of namespaces from
+the local WMI server to provide the list of namespaces.
 
 ```yaml
 Type: System.String
@@ -360,11 +360,11 @@ A URI consists of a prefix and a path to a resource. For example:
 By default, if you do not specify this parameter, the DMTF standard resource URI
 `http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/` is used and the class name is appended to it.
 
-ResourceURI can only be used with CIM sessions created using the WSMan protocol, or when specifying
-the ComputerName parameter, which creates a CIM session using WSMan. If you specify this parameter
-without specifying the ComputerName parameter, or if you specify a CIM session created using DCOM
-protocol, you will get an error, because the DCOM protocol does not support the ResourceURI
-parameter.
+**ResourceUri** can only be used with CIM sessions created using the WSMan protocol, or when
+specifying the **ComputerName** parameter, which creates a CIM session using WSMan. If you specify
+this parameter without specifying the **ComputerName** parameter, or if you specify a CIM session
+created using DCOM protocol, you will get an error, because the DCOM protocol does not support the
+**ResourceUri** parameter.
 
 If both the **ResourceUri** parameter and the **Filter** parameter are specified, the **Filter**
 parameter is ignored.

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/About.md

@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ Provides a brief introduction to the PowerShell Desired State Configuration
 
 ### [about_Do](about_Do.md)
 
-Runs a statement list one or more times, subject to a `While` or `Until`
+Runs a statement list one or more times, subject to a `while` or `until`
 condition.
 
 ### [about_Enum](about_Enum.md)
@@ -267,8 +267,8 @@ expression in the background without interacting with the current session.
 
 ### [about_Join](about_Join.md)
 
-Describes how the join operator (-join) combines multiple strings into a single
-string.
+Describes how the join operator (`-join`) combines multiple strings into a
+single string.
 
 ### [about_Language_Keywords](about_Language_Keywords.md)
 
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ command-line parameters and describes the syntax.
 
 ### [about_PowerShell_Ise_exe](about_PowerShell_Ise_exe.md)
 
-Explains how to use the PowerShell_Ise.exe command-line tool.
+Explains how to use the `powershell_ise.exe` command-line tool.
 
 ### [about_Preference_Variables](about_Preference_Variables.md)
 
@@ -389,8 +389,8 @@ Describes how to create and use a PowerShell profile.
 
 ### [about_Prompts](about_Prompts.md)
 
-Describes the `Prompt` function and demonstrates how to create a custom
-`Prompt` function.
+Describes the `prompt` function and demonstrates how to create a custom
+`prompt` function.
 
 ### [about_Properties](about_Properties.md)
 
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ The automatic variable that contains the current object in the pipeline object.
 
 ### [about_PSModulePath](about_PSModulePath.md)
 
-This article the purpose and usage of the `$env:PSModulePath` environment
+This article the purpose and usage of the `$Env:PSModulePath` environment
 variable.
 
 ### [about_PSSession_Details](about_PSSession_Details.md)

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_ANSI_Terminals.md

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ description: Describes the features of PowerShell that use ANSI escape sequences
 Locale: en-US
 ms.date: 03/01/2023
 schema: 2.0.0
-title: about_ANSI_terminals
+title: about_ANSI_Terminals
 ---
 # about_ANSI_Terminals
 

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Alias_Provider.md

@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ current location is in the `Alias:` drive, the `-Path` parameter is not needed.
 This command also uses the `-Options` dynamic parameter to set the **AllScope**
 option on the alias. The `-Options` parameter is available in the `New-Item`
 cmdlet only when you are in the `Alias:` drive. The dot (`.`) indicates the
-current directory, which is the alias drive.
+current directory, which is the `Alias:` drive.
 
 ```
 PS Alias:\> New-Item -Path . -Name serv -Value Get-Service -Options "AllScope"
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ You can create an alias for any item that invokes a command.
 This command creates the `np` alias for `Notepad.exe`.
 
 ```powershell
-New-Item -Path Alias:np -Value c:\windows\notepad.exe
+New-Item -Path Alias:np -Value C:\windows\notepad.exe
 ```
 
 ### Create an alias to a new function
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ When the command is complete, you can use either `CD32` or `go` to invoke the
 function.
 
 ```powershell
-function CD32 {Set-Location -Path c:\windows\system32}
+function CD32 {Set-Location -Path C:\windows\system32}
 Set-Item -Path Alias:go -Value CD32
 ```
 
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ Get-Help Get-ChildItem
 ```
 
 ```powershell
-Get-Help Get-ChildItem -Path alias:
+Get-Help Get-ChildItem -Path Alias:
 ```
 
 ## See also

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Arithmetic_Operators.md

@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ following example, the negative value can't be cast to an unsigned integer, and
 the unsigned integer is too large to be cast to `Int32`:
 
 ```powershell
-([int32]::minvalue + [uint32]::maxvalue).GetType().FullName
+([int32]::MinValue + [uint32]::MaxValue).GetType().FullName
 ```
 
 ```Output
@@ -241,10 +241,10 @@ The `System.Decimal` type is an exception. If either operand has the
 **Decimal** value is an error.
 
 ```powershell
-PS> [Decimal]::maxvalue
+PS> [decimal]::MaxValue
 79228162514264337593543950335
 
-PS> [Decimal]::maxvalue + 1
+PS> [decimal]::MaxValue + 1
 RuntimeException: Value was either too large or too small for a Decimal.
 ```
 
@@ -454,12 +454,12 @@ InvalidOperation: A hash table can only be added to another hash table.
 
 Although the addition operators are very useful, use the assignment operators
 to add elements to hash tables and arrays. For more information see
-[about_assignment_operators](about_Assignment_Operators.md). The following
+[about_Assignment_Operators](about_Assignment_Operators.md). The following
 examples use the `+=` assignment operator to add items to an array:
 
 ```powershell
 $array = @()
-(0..2).foreach{ $array += $_ }
+(0..2).ForEach{ $array += $_ }
 $array
 ```
 
@@ -497,15 +497,15 @@ The following examples show how to use the arithmetic operators in expressions
 with PowerShell commands:
 
 ```powershell
-(Get-Date) + (New-TimeSpan -day 1)
+(Get-Date) + (New-TimeSpan -Day 1)
 ```
 
 The parenthesis operator forces the evaluation of the `Get-Date` cmdlet and the
 evaluation of the `New-TimeSpan -Day 1` cmdlet expression, in that order. Both
 results are then added using the `+` operator.
 
 ```powershell
-Get-Process | Where-Object { ($_.ws * 2) -gt 50mb }
+Get-Process | Where-Object { ($_.WS * 2) -gt 50mb }
 ```
 
 ```Output
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ Handles  NPM(K)    PM(K)      WS(K) VM(M)   CPU(s)     Id ProcessName
     967      30    58804      59496   416   930.97   2508 WINWORD
 ```
 
-In the above expression, each process working space (`$_.ws`) is multiplied by
+In the above expression, each process working space (`$_.WS`) is multiplied by
 `2`; and, the result, compared against `50mb` to see if it's greater than that.
 
 ## Bitwise operators
@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ PowerShell supports the following bitwise operators.
 | `-band`  | Bitwise AND            | `10 -band 3` | 2      |
 | `-bor`   | Bitwise OR (inclusive) | `10 -bor 3`  | 11     |
 | `-bxor`  | Bitwise OR (exclusive) | `10 -bxor 3` | 9      |
-| `-bnot`  | Bitwise NOT            | `-bNot 10`   | -11    |
+| `-bnot`  | Bitwise NOT            | `-bnot 10`   | -11    |
 | `-shl`   | Shift-left             | `102 -shl 2` | 408    |
 | `-shr`   | Shift-right            | `102 -shr 1` | 51     |
 
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ For example, the binary complement of 0 is -1, the maximum unsigned integer
 (0xFFFFFFFF), and the binary complement of -1 is 0.
 
 ```powershell
--bNot 10
+-bnot 10
 ```
 
 ```Output

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Arrays.md

@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ value in an array, type:
 
 ```powershell
 $a = 0..9
-for ($i = 0; $i -le ($a.length - 1); $i += 2) {
+for ($i = 0; $i -le ($a.Length - 1); $i += 2) {
   $a[$i]
 }
 ```
@@ -346,11 +346,11 @@ In PowerShell, arrays have three properties that indicate the number of items
 contained in the array.
 
 - **Count** - This property is the most commonly used property to determine the
-  number of items in any collection, not just an array. It's an `[Int32]` type
+  number of items in any collection, not just an array. It's an `[int32]` type
   value. In Windows PowerShell 5.1 (and older) **Count** alias property for
   **Length**.
 
-- **Length** - This property is an `[Int32]` type value. This contains the same
+- **Length** - This property is an `[int32]` type value. This contains the same
   value as **Count**.
 
   > [!NOTE]
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ contained in the array.
   > string is the number of characters in the string. But the **Count**
   > property is always `1`.
 
-- **Longlength** - This property is an `[Int64]` type value. Use this property
+- **LongLength** - This property is an `[int64]` type value. Use this property
   for arrays containing more than 2,147,483,647 elements.
 
 ```powershell
@@ -408,8 +408,8 @@ Multidimensional arrays are stored in [row-major order][14]. The following
 example shows how to create a truly multidimensional array.
 
 ```powershell
-[string[,]]$rank2 = [string[,]]::New(3,2)
-$rank2.rank
+[string[,]]$rank2 = [string[,]]::new(3,2)
+$rank2.Rank
 $rank2.Length
 $rank2[0,0] = 'a'
 $rank2[0,1] = 'b'
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ True
 In this example, `$intA` is explicitly typed to contain integers.
 
 ```powershell
-[Int[]] $intA = 1, 2, 3
+[int] $intA = 1, 2, 3
 $intA.Clear()
 $intA
 ```
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ For more information about the behavior of **ArgumentList**, see
 
 The `ForEach()` method can be used to cast the elements to a different type;
 the following example shows how to convert a list of string dates to
-`[DateTime]` type.
+`[datetime]` type.
 
 ```powershell
 ("1/1/2017", "2/1/2017", "3/1/2017").ForEach([datetime])
@@ -680,7 +680,7 @@ to return.
 
 ```powershell
 # Get the zip files in the current users profile, sorted by LastAccessTime
-$Zips = dir $env:userprofile -Recurse '*.zip' | Sort-Object LastAccessTime
+$Zips = dir $Env:USERPROFILE -Recurse '*.zip' | Sort-Object LastAccessTime
 # Get the least accessed file over 100MB
 $Zips.Where({$_.Length -gt 100MB}, 'Default', 1)
 ```
@@ -876,7 +876,7 @@ create the `$t` array with all the elements in the `$a` array except for the
 value at index position 2, type:
 
 ```powershell
-$t = $a[0,1 + 3..($a.length - 1)]
+$t = $a[0,1 + 3..($a.Length - 1)]
 ```
 
 To combine two arrays into a single array, use the plus operator (`+`). The
@@ -1093,7 +1093,7 @@ LastWriteTimeUtc  Property   datetime LastWriteTimeUtc {get;set;}
 ## See also
 
 - [about_For][05]
-- [about_ForEach][06]
+- [about_Foreach][06]
 - [about_Hash_Tables][07]
 - [about_Member-Access_Enumeration][09]
 - [about_Operators][11]
@@ -1106,7 +1106,7 @@ LastWriteTimeUtc  Property   datetime LastWriteTimeUtc {get;set;}
 [03]: about_Assignment_Operators.md
 [04]: about_Booleans.md
 [05]: about_For.md
-[06]: about_ForEach.md
+[06]: about_Foreach.md
 [07]: about_Hash_Tables.md
 [08]: about_Intrinsic_Members.md
 [09]: about_Member-Access_Enumeration.md

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Assignment_Operators.md

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ pipeline to a variable. For example, the following command sorts the services
 on the computer and then assigns the sorted services to the `$a` variable:
 
 ```powershell
-$a = Get-Service | Sort-Object -Property name
+$a = Get-Service | Sort-Object -Property Name
 ```
 
 You can also assign the value created by a statement to a variable, as in the

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Automatic_Variables.md

@@ -204,8 +204,8 @@ non-zero integer.
 
 ### `$foreach`
 
-Contains the enumerator (not the resulting values) of a [ForEach][56] loop. The
-`$foreach` variable exists only while the `ForEach` loop is running; it's
+Contains the enumerator (not the resulting values) of a [foreach][56] loop. The
+`$foreach` variable exists only while the `foreach` loop is running; it's
 deleted after the loop is completed.
 
 Enumerators contain properties and methods you can use to retrieve loop values
@@ -215,18 +215,18 @@ and change the current loop iteration. For more information, see
 ### `$HOME`
 
 Contains the full path of the user's home directory. This variable uses the
-value of the `"$env:USERPROFILE"` Windows environment variable, typically
+value of the `"$Env:USERPROFILE"` Windows environment variable, typically
 `C:\Users\<UserName>`.
 
 > [!IMPORTANT]
 > Windows can redirect the location of the user's profile. This means that
-> `$HOME` may not have the same value as `"$env:HOMEDRIVE$env:HOMEPATH"`.
+> `$HOME` may not have the same value as `"$Env:HOMEDRIVE$Env:HOMEPATH"`.
 
 ### `$Host`
 
 Contains an object that represents the current host application for PowerShell.
 You can use this variable to represent the current host in commands or to
-display or change the properties of the host, such as `$Host.version` or
+display or change the properties of the host, such as `$Host.Version` or
 `$Host.CurrentCulture`, or `$Host.UI.RawUI.BackGroundColor = "Red"`.
 
 ### $input
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ Test-Path $PROFILE
 Or, you can use it in a command to create a profile:
 
 ```powershell
-New-Item -ItemType file -Path $PROFILE -Force
+New-Item -ItemType File -Path $PROFILE -Force
 ```
 
 You can use it in a command to open the profile in **notepad.exe**:
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ available for use in module manifest files, whereas `$PSVersionTable` isn't.
 ### `$PSHOME`
 
 Contains the full path of the installation directory for PowerShell, typically,
-`$env:windir\System32\PowerShell\v1.0` in Windows systems. You can use this
+`$Env:windir\System32\PowerShell\v1.0` in Windows systems. You can use this
 variable in the paths of PowerShell files. For example, the following command
 searches the conceptual Help topics for the word **Help**:
 
@@ -639,8 +639,8 @@ Contains a stack trace for the most recent error.
 
 ### `$switch`
 
-Contains the enumerator not the resulting values of a `Switch` statement. The
-`$switch` variable exists only while the `Switch` statement is running; it's
+Contains the enumerator not the resulting values of a `switch` statement. The
+`$switch` variable exists only while the `switch` statement is running; it's
 deleted when the `switch` statement completes execution. For more information,
 see [about_Switch][71].
 
@@ -1093,7 +1093,7 @@ Default (Current): End
 [53]: about_CommonParameters.md
 [54]: about_comparison_operators.md
 [55]: about_Continue.md
-[56]: about_ForEach.md
+[56]: about_Foreach.md
 [57]: about_Functions_Advanced_Methods.md
 [58]: about_Functions_Advanced_Parameters.md
 [59]: about_Functions_Advanced.md

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Booleans.md

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ Examples:
 # Empty collections
 PS> [bool]@()
 False
-PS> [bool](Get-ChildItem | Where-Object Name -eq 'Non-existent-File.txt')
+PS> [bool](Get-ChildItem | Where-Object Name -EQ 'Non-existent-File.txt')
 False
 # Single-element collections
 PS> $a = @(0)