Fix incorrect case/capitalization in ref docs

This ensures the following components have the correct/consistent case
throughout the reference documentation:

Preference variable, PS environment variable, PS drive, PS provider,
PS command name, PS command argument, PS module, PS file extension,
PS host name/application, #Requires statement, parameter name,
about_* topic, member name, scope modifier, keyword, operator,
calculated property key/value, attribute, type accelerator,
type literal/name, WMI namespace/class, variable name,
special character, comment-based help keyword, product/company name,
Windows drive letter/directory, Windows/Unix environment variable

In addition, changes include fixes to incorrect terminology (e.g.,
referring to a keyword as a command) and formatting of PS syntax
elements (non-exhaustive).

Author: surfingoldelephant

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Classes.md

@@ -203,8 +203,8 @@ class BookList {
     # Static method to initialize the list of books. Called in the other
     # static methods to avoid needing to explicit initialize the value.
     static [void] Initialize()             { [BookList]::Initialize($false) }
-    static [bool] Initialize([bool]$force) {
-        if ([BookList]::Books.Count -gt 0 -and -not $force) {
+    static [bool] Initialize([bool]$Force) {
+        if ([BookList]::Books.Count -gt 0 -and -not $Force) {
             return $false
         }
 
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ module is removed, so are the type accelerators.
 
 ## Manually importing classes from a PowerShell module
 
-`Import-Module` and the `#requires` statement only import the module functions,
+`Import-Module` and the `#Requires` statement only import the module functions,
 aliases, and variables, as defined by the module. Classes aren't imported.
 
 If a module defines classes and enumerations but doesn't add type accelerators

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Classes_Constructors.md

@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ class BaseExample {
         Write-Verbose "[$($Type.Name)] static constructor"
     }
 
-    static [void] ParamMessage([type]$Type, [object]$Value) {
+    static [void] ParamMessage([type]$Type, [Object]$Value) {
         Write-Verbose "[$($Type.Name)] param constructor ($Value)"
     }
 

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Classes_Inheritance.md

@@ -58,14 +58,14 @@ declaration.
 This example shows the basic PowerShell class inheritance syntax.
 
 ```powershell
-Class Derived : Base {...}
+class Derived : Base {...}
 ```
 
 This example shows inheritance with an interface declaration coming after the
 base class.
 
 ```powershell
-Class Derived : Base, Interface {...}
+class Derived : Base, Interface {...}
 ```
 
 ## Syntax
@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@ Kelvin. For any other format, the method should throw a
     }
     # If format provider isn't specified, use the current culture.
     if ($null -eq $FormatProvider) {
-        $FormatProvider = [CultureInfo]::CurrentCulture
+        $FormatProvider = [cultureinfo]::CurrentCulture
     }
     # Format the temperature.
     switch ($Format) {
@@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ class Temperature : System.IFormattable {
         }
         # If format provider isn't specified, use the current culture.
         if ($null -eq $FormatProvider) {
-            $FormatProvider = [CultureInfo]::CurrentCulture
+            $FormatProvider = [cultureinfo]::CurrentCulture
         }
         # Format the temperature.
         switch ($Format) {
@@ -815,7 +815,7 @@ To implement the interface, the class needs to inherit from
 method needs to have the following signature:
 
 ```powershell
-[bool] Equals([object]$Other) {
+[bool] Equals([Object]$Other) {
     # Implementation
 }
 ```
@@ -830,7 +830,7 @@ values to Kelvin, since temperatures can be equivalent even with different
 scales.
 
 ```powershell
-[bool] Equals([object]$Other) {
+[bool] Equals([Object]$Other) {
     # If the other object is null, we can't compare it.
     if ($null -eq $Other) {
         return $false
@@ -851,7 +851,7 @@ With the interface method implemented, the updated definition for
 **Temperature** is:
 
 ```powershell
-class Temperature : System.IFormattable, System.IEquatable[object] {
+class Temperature : System.IFormattable, System.IEquatable[Object] {
     [float]            $Degrees
     [TemperatureScale] $Scale
 
@@ -899,7 +899,7 @@ class Temperature : System.IFormattable, System.IEquatable[object] {
         }
         # If format provider isn't specified, use the current culture.
         if ($null -eq $FormatProvider) {
-            $FormatProvider = [CultureInfo]::CurrentCulture
+            $FormatProvider = [cultureinfo]::CurrentCulture
         }
         # Format the temperature.
         switch ($Format) {
@@ -927,7 +927,7 @@ class Temperature : System.IFormattable, System.IEquatable[object] {
         return $this.ToString($null, $null)
     }
 
-    [bool] Equals([object]$Other) {
+    [bool] Equals([Object]$Other) {
         # If the other object is null, we can't compare it.
         if ($null -eq $Other) {
             return $false
@@ -999,7 +999,7 @@ converted to a different scale, is a floating point number, the method can rely
 on the underlying type for the actual comparison.
 
 ```powershell
-[int] CompareTo([object]$Other) {
+[int] CompareTo([Object]$Other) {
     # If the other object's null, consider this instance "greater than" it
     if ($null -eq $Other) {
         return 1
@@ -1021,7 +1021,7 @@ The final definition for the **Temperature** class is:
 ```powershell
 class Temperature : System.IFormattable,
                     System.IComparable,
-                    System.IEquatable[object] {
+                    System.IEquatable[Object] {
     # Instance properties
     [float]            $Degrees
     [TemperatureScale] $Scale
@@ -1071,7 +1071,7 @@ class Temperature : System.IFormattable,
         }
         # If format provider isn't specified, use the current culture.
         if ($null -eq $FormatProvider) {
-            $FormatProvider = [CultureInfo]::CurrentCulture
+            $FormatProvider = [cultureinfo]::CurrentCulture
         }
         # Format the temperature.
         switch ($Format) {
@@ -1099,7 +1099,7 @@ class Temperature : System.IFormattable,
         return $this.ToString($null, $null)
     }
 
-    [bool] Equals([object]$Other) {
+    [bool] Equals([Object]$Other) {
         # If the other object is null, we can't compare it.
         if ($null -eq $Other) {
             return $false
@@ -1112,7 +1112,7 @@ class Temperature : System.IFormattable,
         # Compare the temperatures as Kelvin.
         return $this.ToKelvin() -eq $OtherTemperature.ToKelvin()
     }
-    [int] CompareTo([object]$Other) {
+    [int] CompareTo([Object]$Other) {
         # If the other object's null, consider this instance "greater than" it
         if ($null -eq $Other) {
             return 1
@@ -1182,7 +1182,7 @@ generic type as long as the type parameter is already defined at parse time.
 ```powershell
 class ExampleStringList : System.Collections.Generic.List[string] {}
 
-$List = [ExampleStringList]::New()
+$List = [ExampleStringList]::new()
 $List.AddRange([string[]]@('a','b','c'))
 $List.GetType() | Format-List -Property Name, BaseType
 $List
@@ -1243,7 +1243,7 @@ This time, PowerShell doesn't raise any errors. Both classes are now defined.
 Run the following code block to view the behavior of the new class.
 
 ```powershell
-$List = [ExampleItemList]::New()
+$List = [ExampleItemList]::new()
 $List.AddRange([ExampleItem[]]@(
     [ExampleItem]@{ Name = 'Foo' }
     [ExampleItem]@{ Name = 'Bar' }

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Classes_Methods.md

@@ -602,17 +602,17 @@ class. The representation for **DerivedClassB** is different because it
 overrode the `ToString()` instance method.
 
 ```powershell
-"`$base = [BaseClass]::New()     => $($base = [BaseClass]::New(); $base)"
-"`$a    = [DerivedClassA]::New() => $($a = [DerivedClassA]::New(); $a)"
-"`$b    = [DerivedClassB]::New() => $($b = [DerivedClassB]::New(); $b)"
-"`$c    = [DerivedClassC]::New() => $($c = [DerivedClassC]::New(); $c)"
+"`$base = [BaseClass]::new()     => $($base = [BaseClass]::new(); $base)"
+"`$a    = [DerivedClassA]::new() => $($a = [DerivedClassA]::new(); $a)"
+"`$b    = [DerivedClassB]::new() => $($b = [DerivedClassB]::new(); $b)"
+"`$c    = [DerivedClassC]::new() => $($c = [DerivedClassC]::new(); $c)"
 ```
 
 ```Output
-$base = [BaseClass]::New()     => 11/6/2023 9:44:57 AM
-$a    = [DerivedClassA]::New() => 11/6/2023 9:44:57 AM
-$b    = [DerivedClassB]::New() => 2023-11-06
-$c    = [DerivedClassC]::New() => 11/6/2023 9:44:57 AM
+$base = [BaseClass]::new()     => 11/6/2023 9:44:57 AM
+$a    = [DerivedClassA]::new() => 11/6/2023 9:44:57 AM
+$b    = [DerivedClassB]::new() => 2023-11-06
+$c    = [DerivedClassC]::new() => 11/6/2023 9:44:57 AM
 ```
 
 The next block calls the `SetTimeStamp()` instance method for each instance,

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Command_Precedence.md

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ C:\TechDocs\FindDocs.ps1
 You can run any executable command using its full path. As a security feature,
 PowerShell doesn't run executable commands, including PowerShell scripts and
 native commands, unless the command is located in a path listed in the
-`$env:Path` environment variable.
+`$Env:PATH` environment variable.
 
 To run an executable file that's in the current directory, specify the full
 path or use the relative path `.\` to represent the current directory.
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ when it runs commands.
 1. External executable files (including PowerShell script files)
 
 Therefore, if you type `help`, PowerShell first looks for an alias named
-`help`, then a function named `Help`, and finally a cmdlet named `Help`. It
+`help`, then a function named `help`, and finally a cmdlet named `help`. It
 runs the first `help` item that it finds.
 
 For example, if your session contains a cmdlet and a function, both named
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ For example, the following command saves the `Map` function in the `$myMap`
 variable and then uses the `Call` operator to run it.
 
 ```powershell
-$myMap = (Get-Command -Name map -CommandType function)
+$myMap = (Get-Command -Name map -CommandType Function)
 & ($myMap)
 ```
 
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ first module found alphabetically.
 
 If the cmdlet isn't loaded, PowerShell searches the installed modules and
 autoloads the first module that contains the cmdlet and runs that cmdlet.
-PowerShell searches for modules in each path defined in the `$env:PSModulePath`
+PowerShell searches for modules in each path defined in the `$Env:PSModulePath`
 environment variable. The paths are searched in the order that they're listed
 in the variable. Within each path, the modules are searched in alphabetical
 order. PowerShell uses the cmdlet from the first match it finds.
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ Import-Module -Name DateFunctions -Prefix ZZ
 
 ## Running external executables
 
-On Windows. PowerShell treats the file extensions listed in the `$env:PATHEXT`
+On Windows. PowerShell treats the file extensions listed in the `$Env:PATHEXT`
 environment variable as executable files. Files that aren't Windows executables
 are handed to Windows to process. Windows looks up the file association and
 executes the default Windows Shell verb for the extension. For Windows to
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ to register the file handler. For more information, see the documentation for
 the [ftype][04] command.
 
 For PowerShell to see a file extension as executable in the current session,
-you must add the extension to the `$env:PATHEXT` environment variable.
+you must add the extension to the `$Env:PATHEXT` environment variable.
 
 ## See also