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reference/7.5/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Character_Encoding.md

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---
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description: Describes how PowerShell uses character encoding for input and output of string data.
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Locale: en-US
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ms.date: 03/09/2023
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ms.date: 10/21/2025
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online version: https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_character_encoding?view=powershell-7.5&WT.mc_id=ps-gethelp
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schema: 2.0.0
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title: about_Character_Encoding
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Unicode is a worldwide character-encoding standard. The system uses Unicode
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exclusively for character and string manipulation. For a detailed description
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of all aspects of Unicode, refer to [The Unicode Standard][01].
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of all aspects of Unicode, refer to [The Unicode Standard][07].
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Windows supports Unicode and traditional character sets. Traditional character
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sets, such as Windows code pages, use 8-bit values or combinations of 8-bit
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- `UTF7` Uses UTF-7.
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- `UTF8` Uses UTF-8 (with BOM).
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In general, Windows PowerShell uses the Unicode [UTF-16LE][03] encoding by
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In general, Windows PowerShell uses the Unicode [UTF-16LE][06] encoding by
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default. However, the default encoding used by cmdlets in Windows PowerShell
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is not consistent.
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Beginning with PowerShell 6.2, the **Encoding** parameter also allows numeric
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IDs of registered code pages (like `-Encoding 1251`) or string names of
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registered code pages (like `-Encoding "windows-1251"`). For more information,
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see the .NET documentation for [Encoding.CodePage][04].
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see the .NET documentation for [Encoding.CodePage][08].
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Starting with PowerShell 7.4, you can use the `ANSI` value for the **Encoding**
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parameter to pass the numeric ID for the current culture's ANSI code page
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- `$OutputEncoding`
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- `$PSApplicationOutputEncoding`
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For more information, see [about_Preference_Variables][05].
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For more information, see [about_Preference_Variables][04].
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Beginning in PowerShell 5.1, the redirection operators (`>` and `>>`) call the
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`Out-File` cmdlet. Therefore, you can set the default encoding of them using
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> behave the same way even when run by another user, on a different computer,
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> or in a different version of PowerShell.
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The automatic variables `$OutputEncoding` and `$PSApplicationOutputEncoding`
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affects the encoding PowerShell uses to when sending data into and reading
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from external programs respectively. They have no effect on the encoding that
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the output redirection operators and PowerShell cmdlets use to save to files.
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The automatic variables `$OutputEncoding` affects the encoding PowerShell uses
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to when sending data to external programs. The `$PSApplicationOutputEncoding`
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variable affects the encoding PowerShell uses to read data from external
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programs. They have no effect on the encoding that the output redirection
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operators and PowerShell cmdlets use to save to files.
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## See also
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- [about_Preference_Variables][05]
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- [Byte order mark](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_order_mark)
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- [Code Pages - Win32 apps](/windows/win32/intl/code-pages)
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- [Encoding.CodePage][04]
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- [Introduction to character encoding in .NET](/dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding-introduction)
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- [The Unicode Standard][01]
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- [UTF-16LE][03]
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- [about_Preference_Variables][04]
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- [Byte order mark][05]
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- [Code Pages - Win32 apps][03]
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- [Encoding.CodePage][08]
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- [Introduction to character encoding in .NET][01]
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- [The Unicode Standard][07]
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- [UTF-16LE][06]
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<!-- link references -->
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[01]: https://www.unicode.org/standard/standard.html
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[01]: /dotnet/standard/base-types/character-encoding-introduction
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[02]: /globalization/encoding/byte-order-mark
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[03]: https://wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-16
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[04]: /dotnet/api/system.text.encoding.codepage
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[05]: about_Preference_Variables.md
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[03]: /windows/win32/intl/code-pages
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[04]: about_Preference_Variables.md
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[05]: https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_order_mark
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[06]: https://wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-16
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[07]: https://www.unicode.org/standard/standard.html
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[08]: xref:System.Text.Encoding.CodePage%2A

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