Fix incorrect case/capitalization in ref docs

This ensures the following components have the correct/consistent case
throughout the reference documentation:

Preference variable, PS environment variable, PS drive, PS provider,
PS command name, PS command argument, PS module, PS file extension,
PS host name/application, #Requires statement, parameter name,
about_* topic, member name, scope modifier, keyword, operator,
calculated property key/value, attribute, type accelerator,
type literal/name, WMI namespace/class, variable name,
special character, comment-based help keyword, product/company name,
Windows drive letter/directory, Windows/Unix environment variable

In addition, changes include fixes to incorrect terminology (e.g.,
referring to a keyword as a command) and formatting of PS syntax
elements (non-exhaustive).

Author: surfingoldelephant

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_PSConsoleHostReadLine.md

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ the user creates:
 
 ```powershell
 function PSConsoleHostReadLine {
-  $inputFile = Join-Path $env:TEMP PSConsoleHostReadLine
+  $inputFile = Join-Path $Env:TEMP PSConsoleHostReadLine
   Set-Content $inputFile "PS > "
 
   # Notepad opens. Enter your command in it, save the file, and then exit.

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_PSCustomObject.md

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ properties and values was more complicated. Originally, you had to use
 example:
 
 ```powershell
-PS> $object1 = New-Object -TypeName PSObject
+PS> $object1 = New-Object -TypeName psobject
 PS> Add-Member -InputObject $object1 -MemberType NoteProperty -Name one -Value 1
 PS> Add-Member -InputObject $object1 -MemberType NoteProperty -Name two -Value 2
 PS> $object1 | Get-Member
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Later, you could use the **Property** parameter of `New-Object` to pass a
 **Hashtable** containing the members and values. For example:
 
 ```powershell
-PS> $object2 = New-Object -TypeName PSObject -Property @{one=1; two=2}
+PS> $object2 = New-Object -TypeName psobject -Property @{one=1; two=2}
 PS> $object2 | Get-Member
 
    TypeName: System.Management.Automation.PSCustomObject
@@ -191,11 +191,11 @@ have subtle side effects.
 - Wrapped objects match their original type and the `[psobject]` type.
 
   ```powershell
-  PS> 1 -is [Int32]
+  PS> 1 -is [int32]
   True
   PS> 1 -is [psobject]
   False
-  PS> ([psobject] 1) -is [Int32]
+  PS> ([psobject] 1) -is [int32]
   True
   PS> ([psobject] 1) -is [psobject]
   True
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ When that hashtable is cast to a `[pscustomobject]`, the case of the name of
 first key is used, but that value of the last matching key name is used.
 
 ```powershell
-[PSCustomObject]$OrderedHashTable
+[pscustomobject]$OrderedHashTable
 ```
 
 ```Output
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ Attempting to access these members returns `$null`.
 For example:
 
 ```powershell
-PS> $object = [PSCustomObject]@{key = 'value'}
+PS> $object = [pscustomobject]@{key = 'value'}
 PS> $object
 
 key

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_PSItem.md

@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ parameters that take input from the pipeline.
 function Write-JsonLog {
     [CmdletBinding()]
     param(
-        [parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName)]
+        [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName)]
         [string]$Message
     )
     begin {

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Parsing.md

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Variable expressions carry the value of the variable they reference:
 
 ```powershell
 $x
-$script:path
+$Script:path
 ```
 
 Operators combine other expressions for evaluation:
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ arguments to the executable. You can use this tool to verify that you have
 properly escaped the characters in your arguments.
 
 ```powershell
-TestExe -echoargs """""${env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\Microsoft\\"""""
+TestExe -echoargs """""${Env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\Microsoft\\"""""
 TestExe -echoargs """""C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft\\"""""
 TestExe -echoargs --% ""\""C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft\\""
 TestExe -echoargs --% """C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft\\""
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ Unlike the stop-parsing (`--%`) token, any values following the `--` token can
 be interpreted as expressions by PowerShell.
 
 ```powershell
-Write-Output -- -InputObject $env:PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE
+Write-Output -- -InputObject $Env:PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE
 ```
 
 ```Output

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Pipelines.md

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Get-Process notepad | Stop-Process
 The first command uses the `Get-Process` cmdlet to get an object representing
 the Notepad process. It uses a pipeline operator (`|`) to send the process
 object to the `Stop-Process` cmdlet, which stops the Notepad process. Notice
-that the `Stop-Process` command doesn't have a **Name** or **ID** parameter to
+that the `Stop-Process` command doesn't have a **Name** or **Id** parameter to
 specify the process, because the specified process is submitted through the
 pipeline.
 
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ displays the name and length of each file in a table.
 
 ```powershell
 Get-ChildItem -Path *.txt |
-  Where-Object {$_.length -gt 10000} |
-    Sort-Object -Property length |
-      Format-Table -Property name, length
+  Where-Object {$_.Length -gt 10000} |
+    Sort-Object -Property Length |
+      Format-Table -Property Name, Length
 ```
 
 This pipeline consists of four commands in the specified order. The following
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ command in the pipeline.
 Get-ChildItem -Path *.txt
 | (FileInfo objects for *.txt)
 V
-Where-Object {$_.length -gt 10000}
+Where-Object {$_.Length -gt 10000}
 | (FileInfo objects for *.txt)
 | (      Length > 10000      )
 V
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ Sort-Object -Property Length
 | (      Length > 10000      )
 | (     Sorted by length     )
 V
-Format-Table -Property name, length
+Format-Table -Property Name, Length
 | (FileInfo objects for *.txt)
 | (      Length > 10000      )
 | (     Sorted by length     )
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ Get-Service wmi | Start-Service
 ```
 
 For another example, you can pipe the output of `Get-Item` or `Get-ChildItem`
-within the PowerShell registry provider to the `New-ItemProperty` cmdlet. This
+within the PowerShell Registry provider to the `New-ItemProperty` cmdlet. This
 example adds a new registry entry, **NoOfEmployees**, with a value of **8124**,
 to the **MyCompany** registry key.
 
@@ -126,11 +126,11 @@ how to sort all the processes on the computer by the number of open handles in
 each process.
 
 ```powershell
-Get-Process | Sort-Object -Property handles
+Get-Process | Sort-Object -Property Handles
 ```
 
 You can pipe objects to the formatting, export, and output cmdlets, such as
-`Format-List`, `Format-Table`, `Export-Clixml`, `Export-CSV`, and `Out-File`.
+`Format-List`, `Format-Table`, `Export-Clixml`, `Export-Csv`, and `Out-File`.
 
 This example shows how to use the `Format-List` cmdlet to display a list of
 properties for a process object.
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ use that to count the number of processes running on the computer.
 For example,
 
 ```powershell
-(Get-Process).count
+(Get-Process).Count
 ```
 
 It's important to remember that objects sent down the pipeline are delivered
@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ enhances readability.
 - [about_Objects][05]
 - [about_Parameters][06]
 - [about_Command_Syntax][03]
-- [about_ForEach][04]
+- [about_Foreach][04]
 
 <!-- link references -->
 [02]: #investigating-pipeline-errors

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Preference_Variables.md

@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ PowerShell includes the following environment variables that store user
 preferences. For more information about these environment variables, see
 [about_Environment_Variables][30].
 
-- `$env:PSExecutionPolicyPreference`
-- `$env:PSModulePath`
+- `$Env:PSExecutionPolicyPreference`
+- `$Env:PSModulePath`
 
 > [!NOTE]
 > Changes to preference variables apply only in the scope they are made
@@ -549,7 +549,7 @@ ObjectNotFound: (C:\nofile.txt:String) [Get-ChildItem], ItemNotFoundException
 This example demonstrates that the value of `$ErrorView` only affects the error
 display. It doesn't change the structure of the error object that's stored in
 the `$Error` automatic variable. For information about the `$Error` automatic
-variable, see [about_automatic_variables][28].
+variable, see [about_Automatic_Variables][28].
 
 The following command takes the **ErrorRecord** object associated with the most
 recent error in the error array, **element 0**, and formats the properties of
@@ -739,14 +739,14 @@ To enable a **Log*Event**, type the variable with a value of `$true`, for
 example:
 
 ```powershell
-$LogCommandLifeCycleEvent = $true
+$LogCommandLifecycleEvent = $true
 ```
 
 To disable an event type, type the variable with a value of `$false`, for
 example:
 
 ```powershell
-$LogCommandLifeCycleEvent = $false
+$LogCommandLifecycleEvent = $false
 ```
 
 The events that you enable are effective only for the current PowerShell
@@ -766,7 +766,7 @@ value is **4096** and that should be enough for most uses. You can adjust
 To count the aliases on your system, type:
 
 ```powershell
-(Get-Alias).count
+(Get-Alias).Count
 ```
 
 ## $MaximumDriveCount
@@ -782,7 +782,7 @@ providers and appear as drives, such as the `Alias:` and `HKLM:` drives.
 To count the aliases on your system, type:
 
 ```powershell
-(Get-PSDrive).count
+(Get-PSDrive).Count
 ```
 
 ## $MaximumErrorCount
@@ -801,7 +801,7 @@ To count the errors on your system, use the `$Error` array's **Count**
 property.
 
 ```powershell
-$Error.count
+$Error.Count
 ```
 
 To display a specific error, use the `[0]` array notation to see the most
@@ -1016,7 +1016,7 @@ try {
     $buffer = [byte[]]::new(1024)
     $read = $inputStream.Read($buffer, 0, $buffer.Length)
     $actual = [byte[]]::new($read)
-    [Array]::Copy($buffer, $actual, $read)
+    [array]::Copy($buffer, $actual, $read)
     Format-Hex -InputObject $actual
 } finally {
     $inputStream.Dispose()
@@ -1093,16 +1093,16 @@ Specifies the default email server that's used to send email messages. This
 preference variable is used by cmdlets that send email, such as the
 [Send-MailMessage][49] cmdlet.
 
-## $PSModuleAutoloadingPreference
+## $PSModuleAutoLoadingPreference
 
 Enables and disables automatic importing of modules in the session. The
-`$PSModuleAutoloadingPreference` variable doesn't exist by default. The default
+`$PSModuleAutoLoadingPreference` variable doesn't exist by default. The default
 behavior when the variable isn't defined is the same as
-`$PSModuleAutoloadingPreference = 'All'`.
+`$PSModuleAutoLoadingPreference = 'All'`.
 
 To automatically import a module, get or use a command contained in the module.
 
-The `$PSModuleAutoloadingPreference` variable takes one of the
+The `$PSModuleAutoLoadingPreference` variable takes one of the
 [`PSModuleAutoLoadingPreference`][58] enumeration values:
 
 - `All`: Modules are imported automatically on first-use.
@@ -1700,7 +1700,7 @@ At line:1 char:1
 
 ## See also
 
-- [about_automatic_variables][28]
+- [about_Automatic_Variables][28]
 - [about_CommonParameters][29]
 - [about_Environment_Variables][30]
 - [about_Profiles][36]

reference/5.1/Microsoft.PowerShell.Core/About/about_Profiles.md

@@ -205,9 +205,9 @@ Here are a few suggestions to get you started.
 ### Add a function that lists aliases for any cmdlet
 
 ```powershell
-function Get-CmdletAlias ($cmdletname) {
+function Get-CmdletAlias ($cmdletName) {
   Get-Alias |
-    Where-Object -FilterScript {$_.Definition -like "$cmdletname"} |
+    Where-Object -FilterScript {$_.Definition -like "$cmdletName"} |
       Format-Table -Property Definition, Name -AutoSize
 }
 ```
@@ -216,9 +216,9 @@ function Get-CmdletAlias ($cmdletname) {
 
 ```powershell
 function CustomizeConsole {
-  $hosttime = (Get-ChildItem -Path $PSHOME\PowerShell.exe).CreationTime
-  $hostversion="$($Host.Version.Major)`.$($Host.Version.Minor)"
-  $Host.UI.RawUI.WindowTitle = "PowerShell $hostversion ($hosttime)"
+  $hostTime = (Get-ChildItem -Path $PSHOME\powershell.exe).CreationTime
+  $hostVersion="$($Host.Version.Major)`.$($Host.Version.Minor)"
+  $Host.UI.RawUI.WindowTitle = "PowerShell $hostVersion ($hostTime)"
   Clear-Host
 }
 CustomizeConsole
@@ -227,8 +227,8 @@ CustomizeConsole
 ### Add a customized PowerShell prompt
 
 ```powershell
-function Prompt {
-    $env:COMPUTERNAME + "\" + (Get-Location) + "> "
+function prompt {
+    $Env:COMPUTERNAME + "\" + (Get-Location) + "> "
 }
 ```