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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: articles/search/search-what-is-an-index.md
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ms.custom:
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ms.topic: conceptual
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ms.date: 08/19/2024
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ms.date: 10/21/2024
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# Search indexes in Azure AI Search
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## Schema of a search index
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In Azure AI Search, indexes contain *search documents*. Conceptually, a document is a single unit of searchable data in your index. For example, a retailer might have a document for each product, a news organization might have a document for each article, a travel site might have a document for each hotel and destination, and so forth. Mapping these concepts to more familiar database equivalents: a *search index* equates to a *table*, and *documents* are roughly equivalent to *rows* in a table.
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In Azure AI Search, indexes contain *search documents*. Conceptually, a document is a single unit of searchable data in your index. For example, a retailer might have a document for each product, a university might have a document for each class, a travel site might have a document for each hotel and destination, and so forth. Mapping these concepts to more familiar database equivalents: a *search index* equates to a *table*, and *documents* are roughly equivalent to *rows* in a table.
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The structure of a document is determined by the *index schema*, as illustrated in the following example. The "fields" collection is typically the largest part of an index, where each field is named, assigned a [data type](/rest/api/searchservice/Supported-data-types), and attributed with allowable behaviors that determine how it's used.
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## Physical structure and size
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In Azure AI Search, the physical structure of an index is largely an internal implementation. You can access its schema, query its content, monitor its size, and manage capacity, but the clusters themselves (indexes, [shards](index-similarity-and-scoring.md#sharding-effects-on-query-results), and other files and folders) are managed internally by Microsoft.
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In Azure AI Search, the physical structure of an index is largely an internal implementation. You can access its schema, query its content, monitor its size, and manage capacity, but the clusters themselves (inverted indexes, vector indexes, [shards](index-similarity-and-scoring.md#sharding-effects-on-query-results), and other files and folders) are managed internally by Microsoft.
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You can monitor index size in the Indexes tab in the Azure portal, or by issuing a [GET INDEX request](/rest/api/searchservice/indexes/get) against your search service. You can also issue a [Service Statistics request](/rest/api/searchservice/get-service-statistics/get-service-statistics) and check the value of storage size.
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You can monitor index size in the **Search management > Indexes** page in the Azure portal, or by issuing a [GET INDEX request](/rest/api/searchservice/indexes/get) against your search service. You can also issue a [Service Statistics request](/rest/api/searchservice/get-service-statistics/get-service-statistics) and check the value of storage size.
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The size of an index is determined by:
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