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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: docs/boards/includes/prerequisites-work-items.md
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| Category | Requirements |
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|--------------|-------------|
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|**Permissions**| - To view, follow, and edit work items: **View work items in this node** and **Edit work items in this node** permissions set to **Allow**. By default, the **Contributors** group has these permissions. For more information, see [Set work tracking permissions](../../organizations/security/set-permissions-access-work-tracking.md). <br> - To add tags to work items: Project-level **Create new tag definition** permission set to **Allow**. By default, the **Contributors** group has this permission. |
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|**Access levels**| - [Project member](../../organizations/security/add-users-team-project.md). <br> - To add new tags to work items or to view or follow pull requests: At least [**Basic** access](../../organizations/security/access-levels.md). <br> - To view or follow work items: At least **Stakeholder** access. For more information, see [About access levels](../../organizations/security/access-levels.md). <br> - All project members, including those in the **Readers** group, can send emails containing work items. |
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|**Access levels**| - [Project member](../../organizations/security/add-users-team-project.md). <br> - To add new tags to work items or to view or follow pull requests: At least [**Basic** access](../../organizations/security/access-levels.md#supported-access-levels). <br> - To view or follow work items: At least **Stakeholder** access. For more information, see [About access levels](../../organizations/security/access-levels.md). <br> - All project members, including members in the **Readers** group, can send emails containing work items. |
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::: moniker range="azure-devops"
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>[!NOTE]
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>- Provide [Stakeholder access](../../organizations/security/access-levels.md) to members who want to contribute to the discussion and review progress. These are typically members who don't contribute to code, but want to view work items, backlogs, boards, and dashboards.
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>- Provide [Stakeholder access](../../organizations/security/access-levels.md#supported-access-levels) to members who want to contribute to the discussion and review progress. These members typically don't contribute to code, but want to view work items, backlogs, boards, and dashboards.
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>- By default, all **Contributors** and **Stakeholders** in public projects can add new and existing tags. In private projects, Stakeholders can only add existing tags. To control the ability to create new tags, set the **Create tag definition** permission at the project level. For more information, see [Change project-level permissions](../../organizations/security/change-project-level-permissions.md).
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: docs/boards/includes/query-clause-tip.md
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ms.date: 06/29/2022
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---
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> [!TIP]
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> To understand how `AND/OR` clauses are grouped, see [Create and save managed queries, Group clauses](../queries/using-queries.md#group-clauses). To view the WIQL syntax for a query, install the [WIQL query editor extension](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ottostreifel.wiql-editor) which allows you to see the WIQL version of any query editor entry.
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> To understand how `AND/OR` clauses are grouped, see [Group clauses](../queries/using-queries.md#group-clauses). To view the WIQL syntax for a query, install the [WIQL query editor extension](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ottostreifel.wiql-editor), which allows you to see the WIQL version of any query editor entry.
Tag work items to quickly filter the product backlog or a work item query by categories that you define. A tag corresponds to a one or two keyword phrase that you define and that supports your needs to filter a backlog or query, or define a query.
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Tag work items to quickly filter the product backlog or a work item query by categories that you define. A tag corresponds to a one or two keyword phrase that you define. A tag supports your needs to filter a backlog or query, or define a query.
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Tags are a better choice for filtering work items than using text strings as described in [Define a query/Best practices](using-queries.md).
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You can add and modify tags from the web portal or from Team Explorer plug-in for Visual Studio. Also, you can open a query in [Excel](../backlogs/office/bulk-add-modify-work-items-excel.md) to modify tags in bulk.
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You can add and modify tags from the web portal, from Team Explorer plug-in for Visual Studio. Also, you can open a query in [Excel](../backlogs/office/bulk-add-modify-work-items-excel.md) to modify tags in bulk.
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> [!NOTE]
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> Tags are a shared resource associated with a project and not a team. If your project contains multiple teams, all teams add to and work from the same set of tags.
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Tags are a better choice for filtering work items than using text strings as described in [Define a work item query](using-queries.md). Tags are a shared resource associated with a project and not a team. If your project contains multiple teams, all teams add to and work from the same set of tags.
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## Prerequisites
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From the web portal, open a work item and add a tag. Choose **Add tag** and type your keyword. Or, select from the list of previously assigned tags.
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:::image type="content" source="media/add-tags/add-tag-vsts.png" alt-text="Screenshot shows adding one or more tags to a work item.":::
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To add several tags at one time, type a comma between tags. Tags are case sensitive.
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Tags that appear in the tag bar are already assigned to the work item. To unassign a tag, choose the x on the tag,.
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Tags that appear in the tag bar are already assigned to the work item. To unassign a tag, choose the **x** on the tag, :::image type="icon" source="media/add-tags/unassign-a-tag.png":::.
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<aid="bulk-modify"></a>
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## Bulk add or remove tags
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You can bulk update work items to add or remove tags from the web portal.
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You bulk modify tags in the same way as you [bulk modify other fields using the web portal](../backlogs/bulk-modify-work-items.md#tags). Or, you can use [Excel](../backlogs/office/bulk-add-modify-work-items-excel.md) to bulk add or remove tags.
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You can bulk update work items to add or remove tags from the web portal. You bulk modify tags in the same way as you [bulk modify other fields using the web portal](../backlogs/bulk-modify-work-items.md#tags). Or, you can use [Excel](../backlogs/office/bulk-add-modify-work-items-excel.md) to bulk add or remove tags.
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:::image type="content" source="media/add-tags/bulk-add-tags.png" alt-text="Screenshot shows the Edit work items dialog, with Tags value to be added.":::
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> [!NOTE]
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> Bulk modifying tags from Visual Studio or other supported clients isn't supported.
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> Boards doesn't support modifying tags in bulk from Visual Studio or other clients.
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<aid="query"></a>
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You can use the **Contains** or **Does Not Contain** operators. Tags that start with the `@` character can't be used in a work item query as the query editor interprets the `@` character as a macro. For more information, see [Create managed queries](using-queries.md).
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You can use the **Contains** or **Does Not Contain** operators. Tags that start with the `@` character can't be used in a work item query because the query editor interprets the `@` character as a macro. For more information, see [Define a work item query](using-queries.md).
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For example, here we query for all work items that are tagged either ```Web``` or ```Service```.
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For example, here's a query for all work items that are tagged as either `Web` or `Service`.
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:::image type="content" source="media/add-tags/query-tags-add-or.png" alt-text="Screenshot shows the Query Editor with a query on tags.":::
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<aid="no-tags"></a>
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Choose **Column Options** to add the **Tags** field to the product backlog or a work item query. If the option doesn't appear, choose **More commands** :::image type="icon" source="../media/icons/actions-icon.png" border="false"::: to select it from the menu of options.
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:::image type="content" source="media/add-tags/column-options-add-tags-field.png" alt-text="Screenshot shows the Column options dialog, with the Tags option.":::
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All tags added to the listed work items appear.
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:::image type="content" source="media/add-tags/backlog-with-tags.png" alt-text="Screenshot shows the Product backlog where you can see the Tags column.":::
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<aid="filter"></a>
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Begin by choosing **Filter** :::image type="icon" source="../media/icons/filter-icon.png" border="false":::.
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Check the boxes of those tags that you want to filter on. Keep the **OR** selection to run a logical OR for all the tags you selected. Or, choose the **AND** option to run a logical AND on all the selected tags.
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Select the tags that you want to filter on. Keep the **OR** selection to run a logical OR for all the tags you selected. Or, choose the **AND** option to run a logical AND on all the selected tags.
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:::image type="content" source="media/add-tags/filter-backlog-tags.png" alt-text="Screenshot shows the Product backlog filtered by tags.":::
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## Delete, remove, or manage tags
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You can't delete tags using the Azure DevOps Web UI.
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If you need to remove a tag, you can create a script or application capable of a delete using the [Azure DevOps REST API](/rest/api/azure/devops/wit/tags?view=azure-devops-rest-7.2&preserve-view=true) or the [.NET client libraries](/azure/devops/integrate/concepts/dotnet-client-libraries?view=azure-devops&preserve-view=true). For more examples, see [Azure-DevOps-Admin-CLI](https://github.com/danhellem/azure-devops-admin-cli).
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If you need to remove a tag, create a script or application capable of a delete using the [Azure DevOps REST API](/rest/api/azure/devops/wit/tags?view=azure-devops-rest-7.2&preserve-view=true) or the [.NET client libraries](/azure/devops/integrate/concepts/dotnet-client-libraries?view=azure-devops&preserve-view=true). For more examples, see [Azure-DevOps-Admin-CLI](https://github.com/danhellem/azure-devops-admin-cli).
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Another option is to install the [Marketplace Tags Manager](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=YodLabs.TagsManager2), which adds a **Tags** page under **Boards** or **Work** to manage tags, including deletes.
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## Color-code tags on boards
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Highlight tags on board cards by color-coding them. These colors only appear on the board that you configure. They don't appear on backlogs or Taskboards. For more information, see [Customize cards, color-code tags](../boards/customize-cards.md).
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Highlight tags on board cards by color-coding them. These colors only appear on the board that you configure. They don't appear on backlogs or Taskboards. For more information, see [Assign tag colors](../boards/customize-cards.md#assign-tag-colors).
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:::image type="content" source="media/add-tags/color-code-tags.png" alt-text="Screenshot shows the Tag colors page for setting colors for tags.":::
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<aid="group-by-tags"></a>
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::: moniker range="azure-devops"
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## Chart work items and group by tags
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You can't group a query-based chart by tags, but, you can group a **Chart for Work Items** widget by tags that you add to a dashboard. This feature is in public preview. To enable it, see [Manage or enable features](../../project/navigation/preview-features.md) and turn on **Enable group by tags for work item chart widget on dashboard**.
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You can't group a query-based chart by tags, but, you can group a **Chart for Work Items** widget by tags that you add to a dashboard. This feature is in public preview. To enable it, see [Manage or enable features](../../project/navigation/preview-features.md) and turn on **Enable group by tags for work item chart widget on dashboard**.
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To group a **Chart for Work Items** widget by tags, complete the same steps provided in [Track progress with status and trend query-based charts, Add a chart widget to a dashboard](../../report/dashboards/charts.md). Make sure that your flat-list query contains **Tags** in the query clause or as a column option. Then, choose **Tags** for the **Group by** selection. To filter the chart to show only some tags, choose the **Selected tags** radio button and then choose the tags you want the chart to display.
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To group a **Chart for Work Items** widget by tags, complete the same steps provided in [Add a chart to a dashboard](../../report/dashboards/charts.md#add-a-chart-to-a-dashboard). Make sure that your flat-list query contains **Tags** in the query clause or as a column option. Then, choose **Tags** for the **Group by** selection. To filter the chart to show only some tags, choose the **Selected tags** radio button and then choose the tags you want the chart to display.
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:::image type="content" source="../../report/dashboards/media/charts/configure-chart-widget-tags.png" alt-text="Screenshot of Chart by Work Items, Configure, Group by Tags.":::
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:::image type="content" source="../../report/dashboards/media/charts/configure-chart-widget-tags.png" alt-text="Screenshot shows Chart by Work Items configured to group by tags.":::
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::: moniker-end
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### Add tags to the default column view on the product backlog
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To add the **Tags** field as a column field for the product backlog, you modify the ProcessConfiguration file to include ```System.Tags```. For more information, see the [Process configuration XML element reference](../../reference/xml/process-configuration-xml-element.md).
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To add the **Tags** field as a column field for the product backlog, modify the ProcessConfiguration file to include `System.Tags` For more information, see the [Process configuration XML element reference](../../reference/xml/process-configuration-xml-element.md).
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::: moniker-end
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## Related content
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-[Use the query editor to list and manage queries](using-queries.md)
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-[Show tags on cards](../../boards/boards/customize-cards.md)
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-[Define a work item query](using-queries.md)
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-[Customize cards on a board](../../boards/boards/customize-cards.md)
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-[Bulk modify work items from the web portal](../backlogs/bulk-modify-work-items.md)
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-[Bulk modify work items from Excel](../backlogs/office/bulk-add-modify-work-items-excel.md)
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