Review and update

Author: dominicbetts

articles/iot-central/core/concepts-iot-edge.md

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ title: Azure IoT Edge and Azure IoT Central
 description: Understand how to use Azure IoT Edge with an IoT Central application including the different gateway patterns and IoT Edge management capabilities.
 author: dominicbetts
 ms.author: dobett
-ms.date: 03/04/2024
+ms.date: 05/23/2025
 ms.topic: conceptual
 ms.service: azure-iot-central
 services: iot-central
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ ms.custom: [device-developer, iot-edge]
 
 # Connect Azure IoT Edge devices to an Azure IoT Central application
 
-Azure IoT Edge moves cloud analytics and custom business logic from the cloud to your devices. This approach lets your cloud solution focus on business insights instead of data management. Scale out your IoT solution by packaging your business logic into standard containers, deploy those containers to your devices, and monitor them from the cloud.
+Azure IoT Edge moves cloud analytics and custom business logic from the cloud to your devices. This approach lets your cloud solution focus on business insights instead of data management. Scale out your IoT solution by packaging your business logic into standard containers, deploying those containers to your devices, and monitoring them from the cloud.
 
 This article describes:
 
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ IoT Edge is made up of three components:
 * The [IoT Edge runtime](../../iot-edge/iot-edge-runtime.md) runs on each IoT Edge device, and manages the modules deployed to each device. The runtime consists of two IoT Edge modules: [IoT Edge agent and IoT Edge hub](../../iot-edge/module-edgeagent-edgehub.md).
 * A *cloud-based interface* enables you to remotely monitor and manage IoT Edge devices. IoT Central is an example of a cloud interface.
 
-IoT Central enables the following capabilities to for IoT Edge devices:
+IoT Central lets you do the following with IoT Edge devices:
 
-* Deployment manifest management. An IoT Central application can manage a collection of deployment manifests and assign them to devices.
-* Device templates to describe the capabilities of an IoT Edge device, such as:
+* Manage deployment manifests. An IoT Central application can manage a collection of deployment manifests and assign them to devices.
+* Use device templates to describe the capabilities of an IoT Edge device, such as:
   * The telemetry each IoT Edge module sends.
   * The properties each IoT Edge module reports.
   * The commands each IoT Edge module responds to.
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ IoT Central enables the following capabilities to for IoT Edge devices:
 An IoT Edge device can be:
 
 * A standalone device composed of custom modules.
-* A *gateway device*, with downstream devices connecting to it. A gateway device can include custom modules.
+* A *gateway device* with downstream devices connecting to it. A gateway device can include custom modules.
 
 ## IoT Edge devices and IoT Central
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ IoT Central optionally uses [device templates](concepts-device-templates.md) to
 * The types of telemetry and properties an IoT Edge device sends so that IoT Central can interpret them and create visualizations.
 * The commands an IoT Edge device responds to so that IoT Central can display a UI for an operator to use to call the commands.
 
-If there's no device template associated with a device, telemetry and property values display as *unmodeled* data. However, you can still use IoT Central data export capabilities to forward telemetry and property values to other backend services.
+If a device doesn't have an associated device template, telemetry and property values show as *unmodeled* data. You can still use IoT Central data export capabilities to forward telemetry and property values to other backend services.
 
 ## IoT Edge deployment manifests
 
@@ -142,11 +142,11 @@ The following code snippet shows an example IoT Edge deployment manifest:
 }
 ```
 
-In the previous snippet, you can see:
+In the previous snippet:
 
-* There are three modules. The *IoT Edge agent* and *IoT Edge hub* system modules that are present in every deployment manifest. The custom **SimulatedTemperatureSensor** module.
-* The public module images are pulled from an Azure Container Registry repository that doesn't require any credentials to connect. For private module images, set the container registry credentials to use in the `registryCredentials` setting for the *IoT Edge agent* module.
-* The custom **SimulatedTemperatureSensor** module has two writable properties `"SendData": true` and `"SendInterval": 10`.
+* There are three modules: the *IoT Edge agent* and *IoT Edge hub* system modules that are present in every deployment manifest and the custom **SimulatedTemperatureSensor** module.
+* The public module images are pulled from an Azure Container Registry repository that doesn't require credentials. For private module images, set the container registry credentials to use in the `registryCredentials` setting for the *IoT Edge agent* module.
+* The custom **SimulatedTemperatureSensor** module has two writable properties: `"SendData": true` and `"SendInterval": 10`.
 
 The following screenshot shows this deployment manifest imported into IoT Central:
 
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ To learn how to use the **Edge manifests** page and assign deployment manifests
 
 ### Manage an unassigned device
 
-An IoT Edge device that doesn't have an associated device template is known as an *unassigned* device. You can't use IoT Central features such as dashboards, device groups, analytics, rules, and jobs with unassigned devices. However, you can use the following capabilities with unassigned devices:
+An IoT Edge device without an associated device template is an *unassigned* device. You can't use IoT Central features such as dashboards, device groups, analytics, rules, and jobs with unassigned devices. However, you can use the following capabilities with unassigned devices:
 
 * View raw data such as telemetry and properties.
 * Call device commands.
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ IoT Central device templates use models to describe the capabilities of IoT Edge
 IoT Central models an IoT Edge device as follows:
 
 * Every IoT Edge device template has a capability model.
-* For every custom module listed in the deployment manifest, add a module definition if you want to use IoT Central to interact with that module.
+* Every custom module listed in the deployment manifest that you want IoT Central to interact with must have a module definition.
 * A module capability model implements one or more module interfaces.
 * Each module interface contains telemetry, properties, and commands.
 
@@ -200,10 +200,10 @@ The IoT Edge device is provisioned in IoT Central along with the downstream devi
 The IoT Edge hub module behaves like IoT Central and handles connections from devices registered in IoT Central. Messages pass from downstream devices to IoT Central as if there's no gateway between them. In a transparent gateway, you can't use custom modules to manipulate the messages from the downstream devices.
 
 > [!NOTE]
-> IoT Central currently doesn't support connecting an IoT Edge device as a downstream device to an IoT Edge transparent gateway. This is because all devices that connect to IoT Central are provisioned using the Device Provisioning Service (DPS) and DPS doesn't currently support nested IoT Edge scenarios.
+> IoT Central currently doesn't support connecting an IoT Edge device as a downstream device to an IoT Edge transparent gateway. This limitation is because all devices that connect to IoT Central are provisioned using the Device Provisioning Service (DPS) and DPS doesn't support nested IoT Edge scenarios.
 
 > [!IMPORTANT]
-> IoT Central does not support X.509 certificate authentication for downstream devices connected to an IoT Edge transparent gateway.
+> IoT Central doesn't support X.509 certificate authentication for downstream devices connected to an IoT Edge transparent gateway.
 
 ### IoT Edge as a protocol translation gateway
 

articles/iot-central/core/howto-configure-file-uploads.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ description: How to configure, implement, and manage file uploads from your devi
 services: iot-central
 author: dominicbetts
 ms.author: dobett
-ms.date: 06/18/2024
+ms.date: 05/23/2025
 ms.topic: how-to
 ms.service: azure-iot-central
 
@@ -14,37 +14,37 @@ ms.service: azure-iot-central
 
 IoT Central lets you upload media and other files from connected devices to cloud storage. You configure the file upload capability in your IoT Central application, and then implement file uploads in your device code.
 
-Optionally, you can manage and preview files uploaded by your devices inside your IoT Central application.
+You can also manage and preview files uploaded by your devices inside your IoT Central application.
 
 To learn how to configure file uploads by using the IoT Central REST API, see [Add a file upload storage account configuration](howto-manage-iot-central-with-rest-api.md#add-a-file-upload-storage-account-configuration).
 
 ## Prerequisites
 
-You must be an administrator in your IoT Central application to configure file uploads.
+You need to be an administrator in your IoT Central application to configure file uploads.
 
-You need an Azure storage account and container to store the uploaded files. If you don't have an existing storage account and container to use, create a [new storage account in the Azure portal](https://portal.azure.com/#create/Microsoft.StorageAccount-ARM).
+You need an Azure storage account and container to store the uploaded files. If you don't have a storage account and container, create a [storage account in the Azure portal](https://portal.azure.com/#create/Microsoft.StorageAccount-ARM).
 
 ## Configure device file uploads
 
 To configure device file uploads:
 
-1. Navigate to the **Application** section in your application.
+1. Go to the **Application** section in your application.
 
 1. Select **Device file storage**.
 
-1. Select the storage account and container to use. If the storage account is in a different Azure subscription from your application, enter a storage account  connection string.
+1. Select the storage account and container to use. If the storage account is in a different Azure subscription than your application, enter a storage account connection string.
 
-1. If necessary, adjust the upload timeout that sets how long an upload request remains valid for. Valid values are from 1 to 24 hours.
+1. If needed, adjust the upload timeout that sets how long a request is valid for. You can set it from 1 to 24 hours.
 
-1. To enable users to view and manage uploaded files inside IoT Central, set **Enable access** to **On**.
+1. To let users view and manage uploaded files in IoT Central, set **Enable access** to **On**.
 
-1. Select **Save**. When the status shows **Configured**, you're ready to upload files from devices.
+1. Select **Save**. When the status shows **Configured**, devices can upload files.
 
 :::image type="content" source="media/howto-configure-file-uploads/file-upload-configuration.png" alt-text="Screenshot that shows a properly configured file upload." lightbox="media/howto-configure-file-uploads/file-upload-configuration.png":::
 
 ## Disable device file uploads
 
-If you want to disable device file uploads to your IoT Central application:
+To turn off device file uploads in your IoT Central application:
 
 1. Navigate to the **Application** section in your application.
 
@@ -58,31 +58,31 @@ Use roles and permissions to control who can view and delete uploaded files. To
 
 ## Upload a file from a device
 
-IoT Central uses IoT Hub's file upload capability to enable devices to upload files. For sample code that shows you how to upload files from a device, see the [IoT Central file upload device sample](/samples/azure-samples/iot-central-file-upload-device/iotc-file-upload-device/).
+IoT Central uses IoT Hub's file upload feature to enable devices to upload files. For sample code that shows how to upload files from a device, see the [IoT Central file upload device sample](/samples/azure-samples/iot-central-file-upload-device/iotc-file-upload-device/).
 
 ## View and manage uploaded files
 
-If you enabled access to files in the file upload configuration, users with the correct permissions can view and delete uploaded files.
+If you turn on access to files in the file upload configuration, users with the right permissions can view and delete uploaded files.
 
 > [!IMPORTANT]
-> All the files in the blob container folder associated with a device are visible in the **Files** view for that device. This includes any files that weren't uploaded by the device.
+> All files in the blob container folder associated with a device show up in the **Files** view for that device including any files the device didn't upload.
 
-To view and delete uploaded files, navigate to the **Files** view for a device. On this page, you can see thumbnails of the uploaded files and toggle between a gallery and list view. Each file has options to download or delete it:
+To view and delete uploaded files, go to the **Files** view for a device. On this page, you can see thumbnails of the uploaded files and switch between a gallery and list view. Each file has options to download or delete it:
 
 :::image type="content" source="media/howto-configure-file-uploads/file-upload-list-files.png" alt-text="Screenshot that shows the gallery view for uploaded files." lightbox="media/howto-configure-file-uploads/file-upload-list-files.png":::
 
 > [!TIP]
-> The file type is determined by the mime type assigned to the file when it was uploaded to blob storage. The default type is `binary/octet-stream`.
+> The mime type assigned to the file when it was uploaded to blob storage determines its file type. The default type is `binary/octet-stream`.
 
-You can customize the list view by filtering based on file name and choosing the columns to display.
+Customize the list view by filtering by file name and choosing the columns to display.
 
-To preview the content of the file and get more information about the file, select it. IoT Central supports previews of common file types such as text and images:
+To preview the file content and get more information about it, select it. IoT Central supports previews of common file types such as text and images:
 
 :::image type="content" source="media/howto-configure-file-uploads/file-upload-preview.png" alt-text="Screenshot that shows a preview of a text file." lightbox="media/howto-configure-file-uploads/file-upload-preview.png":::
 
 ## Test file upload
 
-After you [configure file uploads](#configure-device-file-uploads) in your IoT Central application, you can test it with the sample code. If you haven't already cloned the file upload sample repository, use the following commands to clone it to a suitable location on your local machine and install the dependent packages:
+After you [configure file uploads](#configure-device-file-uploads) in your IoT Central application, test it with the sample code. Use the following commands to clone the sample repository to a suitable location on your local machine and install the dependencies:
 
 ```cmd/sh
 git clone https://github.com/azure-Samples/iot-central-file-upload-device
@@ -93,39 +93,39 @@ npm build
 
 ### Create the device template and import the model
 
-To test the file upload, you run a sample device application. Create a device template for the sample device to use.
+To test file upload, run the sample device application. First, create a device template for the sample device:
 
-1. Open your application in IoT Central UI.
+1. Open your application in the IoT Central UI.
 
-1. Navigate to the **Device Templates** tab in the left pane, select **+ New**:
+1. Go to **Device Templates** in the left pane, then select **+ New**.
 
-1. Choose **IoT device** as the template type.
+1. Select **IoT device** for the template type.
 
-1. On the **Customize** page of the wizard, enter a name such as *File Upload Device Sample* for the device template.
+1. On the **Customize** page, enter a name such as *File Upload Device Sample* for the device template.
 
 1. On the **Review** page, select **Create**.
 
-1. Select **Import a model** and upload the *FileUploadDeviceDcm.json* model file from the folder `iotc-file-upload-device\setup` in the repository you downloaded previously.
+1. Select **Import a model** and upload the *FileUploadDeviceDcm.json* model file from the `iotc-file-upload-device\setup` folder in the repository you downloaded previously.
 
-1. Select **Publish** to publish the device template.
+1. Select **Publish** to finish creating the device template.
 
 ### Add a device
 
 To add a device to your Azure IoT Central application:
 
-1. Choose **Devices** on the left pane.
+1. Go to **Devices** in the left pane.
 
-1. Select the *File Upload Device Sample* device template that you created earlier.
+1. Select the *File Upload Device Sample* device template you created earlier.
 
-1. Select + **New** and select **Create**.
+1. Select + **New**, then select **Create**.
 
-1. Select the device that you created and Select **Connect**
+1. Select the device you created, then select **Connect**.
 
 Copy the values for `ID scope`, `Device ID`, and `Primary key`. You use these values in the device sample code.
 
 ### Run the sample code
 
-Open the git repository you downloaded in VS Code. Create an ".env" file at the root of your project and add the values you copied previously. The file should look like the following sample with the values you made a note of previously.
+Open the git repository you downloaded in VS Code. Create an ".env" file at the root of your project and add the values you copied previously. The file should look like this sample, with your values:
 
 ```cmd/sh
 scopeId=<YOUR_SCOPE_ID>
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ deviceKey=<YOUR_PRIMARY_KEY>
 modelId=dtmi:IoTCentral:IotCentralFileUploadDevice;1
 ```
 
-Open the git repository you downloaded in VS Code. Press F5 to run/debug the sample. In your terminal window you see that the device is registered and is connected to IoT Central:
+Open the git repository you downloaded in VS Code. To run or debug the sample, press <kbd>F5</kbd>. In your terminal window, you see the device register and connect to IoT Central:
 
 ```cmd/sh
 Starting IoT Central device...
@@ -155,12 +155,13 @@ Sending telemetry: {
 
 ```
 
-The sample project comes with a sample file named *datafile.json*. This file is uploaded when you use the **Upload File** command in your IoT Central application.
+The sample project includes a sample file named *datafile.json*. This file uploads when you use the **Upload File** command in your IoT Central application.
 
-To test the upload, open your application and select the device you created. Select the **Command** tab and you see a button named **Run**. When you select that button the IoT Central app calls a direct method on your device to upload the file. You can see this direct method in the sample code in the /device.ts file. The method is named *uploadFileCommand*.
+To test the upload, open your application and select the device you created. Select the **Command** tab and select the **Run** button. When you select **Run**, the IoT Central application calls a direct method on your device to upload the file. You can see this direct method in the sample code in the /device.ts file. The method is named *uploadFileCommand*.
+To test the upload, open your application and select the device you created. Select the **Command** tab, then select the **Run** button. When you select **Run**, IoT Central calls a direct method on your device to upload the file. You can see this method in the sample code in the */device.ts* file. The method is named *uploadFileCommand*.
 
-Select the **Raw data** tab to verify the file upload status.
+Select the **Raw data** tab to check the file upload status.
 
 :::image type="content" source="media/howto-configure-file-uploads/raw-data.png" alt-text="Screenshot showing the U I of how to verify a file upload." border="false":::
 
-You can also make a [REST API](/rest/api/storageservices/list-blobs) call to verify the file upload status in the storage container.
+You can also make a [REST API](/rest/api/storageservices/list-blobs) call to check the file upload status in the storage container.