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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: articles/private-5g-core/private-5g-core-overview.md
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@@ -150,15 +150,16 @@ In the context of private mobile networks, a single RAN can connect to both a pr
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### Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU)
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The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) is a property of an IP link, and it is configured on the interfaces at each end of the link. Packets that exceed an interface's configured MTU are split into smaller packets via IPv4 fragmentation prior to sending and are then reassembled at their destination. If an interface's configured MTU is higher than the link's supported MTU, then the packet will fail to be transmitted correctly.
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The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) is a property of an IP link, and it is configured on the interfaces at each end of the link. Packets that exceed an interface's configured MTU are split into smaller packets via IPv4 fragmentation prior to sending and are then reassembled at their destination. However, if an interface's configured MTU is higher than the link's supported MTU, the packet will fail to be transmitted correctly.
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To avoid transmission issues caused by IPv4 fragmentation, a 4G or 5G packet core instructs UEs what MTU they should use. However, UEs do not always respect the MTU signalled by the packet core.
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IP packets from the UE are tunnelled through from the RAN, which adds overhead from encapsulation. As a result of this the MTU value for the UE should be smaller than the MTU value used between the RAN and the Packet Core to avoid transmission issues. RANs typically come pre-configured with an MTU of 1500. The Packet Core’s default UE MTU is 1300 bytes to allow for encapsulation overhead.
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IP packets from UEs are tunnelled through from the RAN, which adds overhead from encapsulation. Due to this, the MTU value for the UE should be smaller than the MTU value used between the RAN and the Packet Core to avoid transmission issues.
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This default value maximizes RAN interoperability but risks that certain UEs will not observe the default MTU and will generate larger packets that require IPv4 fragmentation and might be dropped by the network.
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RANs typically come pre-configured with an MTU of 1500. The Packet Core’s default UE MTU is 1300 bytes to allow for encapsulation overhead. These values maximize RAN interoperability, but risk that certain UEs will not observe the default MTU due to generating larger packets that require IPv4 fragmentation that may be dropped by the network.
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If you are affected by this issue, it is strongly recommended to configure the RAN to use an MTU of 1560 or higher which allows a sufficient overhead for the encapsulation and avoid fragmentation with a UE using a standard MTU of 1500.
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If you are affected by this issue, it is strongly recommended to configure the RAN to use an MTU of 1560 or higher which allows for sufficient overhead for the encapsulation to avoid fragmentation when the UE uses a standard MTU of 1500.
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