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*[Client IP preservation](#client-ip-preservation)
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*[Build on existing load balancer](#build-cross-region-solution-on-existing-azure-load-balancer) solution with no learning curve
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The frontend IP configuration of your cross-region load balancer is static and advertised across [most Azure regions](#participating-regions-in-azure).
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The frontend IP configuration of your global load balancer is static and advertised across [most Azure regions](#participating-regions-in-azure).
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:::image type="content" source="./media/cross-region-overview/cross-region-load-balancer.png" alt-text="Diagram of cross-region load balancer." border="true":::
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:::image type="content" source="./media/cross-region-overview/cross-region-load-balancer.png" alt-text="Diagram of global load balancer." border="true":::
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> [!NOTE]
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> The backend port of your load balancing rule on cross-region load balancer should match the frontend port of the load balancing rule/inbound nat rule on regional standard load balancer.
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> The backend port of your load balancing rule on global load balancer should match the frontend port of the load balancing rule/inbound nat rule on regional standard load balancer.
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### Regional redundancy
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Configure regional redundancy by seamlessly linking a cross-region load balancer to your existing regional load balancers.
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Configure regional redundancy by seamlessly linking a global load balancer to your existing regional load balancers.
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If one region fails, the traffic is routed to the next closest healthy regional load balancer.
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The health probe of the cross-region load balancer gathers information about availability of each regional load balancer every 5 seconds. If one regional load balancer drops its availability to 0, cross-region load balancer detects the failure. The regional load balancer is then taken out of rotation.
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The health probe of the global load balancer gathers information about availability of each regional load balancer every 5 seconds. If one regional load balancer drops its availability to 0, global load balancer detects the failure. The regional load balancer is then taken out of rotation.
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:::image type="content" source="./media/cross-region-overview/global-region-view.png" alt-text="Diagram of global region traffic view." border="true":::
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@@ -46,14 +46,14 @@ The geo-proximity load-balancing algorithm is based on the geographic location o
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Traffic started from a client hits the closest participating region and travel through the Microsoft global network backbone to arrive at the closest regional deployment.
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For example, you have a cross-region load balancer with standard load balancers in Azure regions:
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For example, you have a global load balancer with standard load balancers in Azure regions:
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* West US
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* North Europe
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If a flow is started from Seattle, traffic enters West US. This region is the closest participating region from Seattle. The traffic is routed to the closest region load balancer, which is West US.
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Azure cross-region load balancer uses geo-proximity load-balancing algorithm for the routing decision.
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Azure global load balancer uses geo-proximity load-balancing algorithm for the routing decision.
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The configured load distribution mode of the regional load balancers is used for making the final routing decision when multiple regional load balancers are used for geo-proximity.
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@@ -63,37 +63,37 @@ Egress traffic follows the routing preference set on the regional load balancers
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### Ability to scale up/down behind a single endpoint
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When you expose the global endpoint of a cross-region load balancer to customers, you can add or remove regional deployments behind the global endpoint without interruption.
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When you expose the global endpoint of a global load balancer to customers, you can add or remove regional deployments behind the global endpoint without interruption.
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<!---To learn about how to add or remove a regional deployment from the backend, read more [here](TODO: Insert CLI doc here).--->
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### Static anycast global IP address
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Cross-region load balancer comes with a static public IP, which ensures the IP address remains the same. Both IPv4 and IPv6 configurations are supported. To learn more about static IP, read more [here.](../virtual-network/ip-services/public-ip-addresses.md#ip-address-assignment)
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Global load balancer comes with a static public IP, which ensures the IP address remains the same. Both IPv4 and IPv6 configurations are supported. To learn more about static IP, read more [here.](../virtual-network/ip-services/public-ip-addresses.md#ip-address-assignment)
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### Client IP Preservation
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Cross-region load balancer is a Layer-4 pass-through network load balancer. This pass-through preserves the original IP of the packet. The original IP is available to the code running on the virtual machine. This preservation allows you to apply logic that is specific to an IP address.
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Global load balancer is a Layer-4 pass-through network load balancer. This pass-through preserves the original IP of the packet. The original IP is available to the code running on the virtual machine. This preservation allows you to apply logic that is specific to an IP address.
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### Floating IP
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Floating IP can be configured at both the global IP level and regional IP level. For more information, visit [Multiple frontends for Azure Load Balancer.](./load-balancer-multivip-overview.md)
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It's important to note that floating IP configured on the Azure cross-region Load Balancer operates independently of floating IP configurations on backend regional load balancers. If floating IP is enabled on the cross-region load balancer, the appropriate loopback interface needs to be added to the backend VMs.
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It's important to note that floating IP configured on the Azure global Load Balancer operates independently of floating IP configurations on backend regional load balancers. If floating IP is enabled on the global load balancer, the appropriate loopback interface needs to be added to the backend VMs.
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### Health Probes
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Azure cross-region Load Balancer utilizes the health of the backend regional load balancers when deciding where to distribute traffic to. Health checks by cross-region load balancer are done automatically every 5 seconds, given that health probes are set up on their regional load balancer.
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Azure global Load Balancer utilizes the health of the backend regional load balancers when deciding where to distribute traffic to. Health checks by global load balancer are done automatically every 5 seconds, given that health probes are set up on their regional load balancer.
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## Build cross region solution on existing Azure Load Balancer
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The backend pool of cross-region load balancer contains one or more regional load balancers.
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The backend pool of global load balancer contains one or more regional load balancers.
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Add your existing load balancer deployments to a cross-region load balancer for a highly available, cross-region deployment.
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Add your existing load balancer deployments to a global load balancer for a highly available, global deployment.
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### Home regions and participating regions
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**Home region** is where the cross-region load balancer or Public IP Address of Global tier is deployed.
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**Home region** is where the global load balancer or Public IP Address of Global tier is deployed.
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This region doesn't affect how the traffic is routed. If a home region goes down, traffic flow is unaffected.
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#### Home regions in Azure
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* China North 2
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> [!NOTE]
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> You can only deploy your cross-region load balancer or Public IP in Global tier in one of the listed Home regions.
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> You can only deploy your global load balancer or Public IP in Global tier in one of the listed Home regions.
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A **participating region** is where the Global public IP of the load balancer is being advertised.
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Traffic started by the user travels to the closest participating region through the Microsoft core network.
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Cross-region load balancer routes the traffic to the appropriate regional load balancer.
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Global load balancer routes the traffic to the appropriate regional load balancer.
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:::image type="content" source="./media/cross-region-overview/multiple-region-global-traffic.png" alt-text="Diagram of multiple region global traffic.":::
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> [!NOTE]
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> The backend regional load balancers can be deployed in any publicly available Azure Region and is not limited to just participating regions.
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## Limitations of cross-region load balancer
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## Limitations of global load balancer
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*Cross-region frontend IP configurations are public only. An internal frontend is currently not supported.
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*Global frontend IP configurations are public only. An internal frontend is currently not supported.
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* Private or internal load balancer can't be added to the backend pool of a cross-region load balancer
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* Private or internal load balancer can't be added to the backend pool of a global load balancer
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* NAT64 translation isn't supported at this time. The frontend and backend IPs must be of the same type (v4 or v6).
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* UDP traffic on port 3 isn't supported on Cross-Region Load Balancer
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* UDP traffic on port 3 isn't supported on global load balancer
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* Outbound rules aren't supported on Cross-region Load Balancer. For outbound connections, utilize [outbound rules](./outbound-rules.md) on the regional load balancer or [NAT gateway](../nat-gateway/nat-overview.md).
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* Outbound rules aren't supported on global load balancer. For outbound connections, utilize [outbound rules](./outbound-rules.md) on the regional load balancer or [NAT gateway](../nat-gateway/nat-overview.md).
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* Regional load balancers can't be upgraded to the global tier. Only new load balancers can be created as the global tier.
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## Pricing and SLA
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Cross-region load balancer shares the [SLA](https://azure.microsoft.com/support/legal/sla/load-balancer/v1_0/) of standard load balancer.
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Global load balancer shares the [SLA](https://azure.microsoft.com/support/legal/sla/load-balancer/v1_0/) of standard load balancer.
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## Next steps
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- See [Tutorial: Create a cross-region load balancer using the Azure portal](tutorial-cross-region-portal.md) to create a cross-region load balancer.
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- Learn more about [cross-region load balancer](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3awUwUIv950).
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- See [Tutorial: Create a global load balancer using the Azure portal](tutorial-cross-region-portal.md) to create a global load balancer.
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- Learn more about [global load balancer](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3awUwUIv950).
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- Learn more about [Azure Load Balancer](load-balancer-overview.md).
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