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ms.date: 09/01/2022
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ms.reviewer: robb
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# Azure Monitor overview
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Azure Monitor helps you maximize the availability and performance of your applications and services. It delivers a comprehensive solution for collecting, analyzing, and acting on telemetry from your cloud and on-premises environments. This information helps you understand how your applications are performing and proactively identify issues that affect them and the resources they depend on.
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## Overview
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The following diagram gives a high-level view of Azure Monitor.
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- At the center of the diagram are the data stores for metrics and logs and changes, which are the fundamental types of data used by Azure Monitor.
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- On the left are the [sources of monitoring data](data-sources.md) that populate these [data stores](data-platform.md).
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- On the right are the different functions that Azure Monitor performs with this collected data. This includes such actions as analysis, alerting, and integration such as streaming to external systems.
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- The stores for the **[data platform](data-platform.md)** are at the center of the diagram. Azure Monitor stores these fundamental types of data: metrics, logs, traces, and changes.
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- The **[sources of monitoring data](data-sources.md)** that populate these data stores are on the left.
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- The different functions that Azure Monitor performs with this collected data are on the right. This includes such actions as analysis, alerting.
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- At the bottom is a layer of integration pieces. These are actually integrated throughout other parts of the diagram, but that is too complex to show visually.
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:::image type="content" source="media/overview/azure-monitor-overview-2022_10_15-add-prometheus-opt.svg" alt-text="Diagram that shows an overview of Azure Monitor." border="false" lightbox="media/overview/azure-monitor-overview-2022_10_15-add-prometheus-opt.svg":::
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The following video uses an earlier version of the preceding diagram, but its explanations are still relevant.
## Observability and the Azure Monitor data platform
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Metrics, logs, and distributed traces are commonly referred to as the three pillars of observability. Observability can be achieved by aggregating and correlating these different types of data across the entire system being monitored.
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Natively, Azure Monitor stores data as metrics, logs, or changes. Traces are stored in the Logs store. Each storage platform is optimized for particular monitoring scenarios, and each supports different features in Azure Monitor. Features such as data analysis, visualizations, or alerting require you to understand the differences so that you can implement your required scenario in the most efficient and cost effective manner.
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Natively, Azure Monitor stores data as metrics, logs, or changes. Traces are stored in the Logs store. Each storage platform is optimized for particular monitoring scenarios, and each supports different features in Azure Monitor. It's important for you to understand the differences between features such as data analysis, visualizations, or alerting, so that you can implement your required scenario in the most efficient and cost effective manner.
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| Pillar | Description |
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|:---|:---|
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| Metrics | Metrics are numerical values that describe some aspect of a system at a particular point in time. They are collected at regular intervals and are identified with a timestamp, a name, a value, and one or more defining labels. Metrics can be aggregated using various algorithms, compared to other metrics, and analyzed for trends over time.<br><br>Metrics in Azure Monitor are stored in a time-series database, which is optimized for analyzing time-stamped data. For more information, see [Azure Monitor Metrics](essentials/data-platform-metrics.md). |
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| Logs |[Logs](logs/data-platform-logs.md) are events that occurred within the system. They can contain different kinds of data and may be structured or freeform text with a timestamp. They may be created sporadically as events in the environment generate log entries, and a system under heavy load will typically generate more log volume.<br><br>Azure Monitor stores logs the Azure Monitor Logs store. The store allows you to segregate logs into separate "Log Analytics workspaces". There you can analyze them using the Log Analytics tool. Log Analytics workspaces are based on [Azure Data Explorer](/azure/data-explorer/), which provides a powerful analysis engine and the [Kusto rich query language](/azure/kusto/query/). For more information, see [Azure Monitor Logs](logs/data-platform-logs.md). |
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| Metrics | Metrics are numerical values that describe some aspect of a system at a particular point in time. Metrics are collected at regular intervals and are identified with a timestamp, a name, a value, and one or more defining labels. Metrics can be aggregated using various algorithms, compared to other metrics, and analyzed for trends over time.<br><br>Metrics in Azure Monitor are stored in a time-series database, which is optimized for analyzing time-stamped data. For more information, see [Azure Monitor Metrics](essentials/data-platform-metrics.md). |
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| Logs |[Logs](logs/data-platform-logs.md) are events that occurred within the system. They can contain different kinds of data and may be structured or free-form text with a timestamp. They may be created sporadically as events in the environment generate log entries, and a system under heavy load will typically generate more log volume.<br><br>Azure Monitor stores logs in the Azure Monitor Logs store. The store allows you to segregate logs into separate "Log Analytics workspaces". There you can analyze them using the Log Analytics tool. Log Analytics workspaces are based on [Azure Data Explorer](/azure/data-explorer/), which provides a powerful analysis engine and the [Kusto rich query language](/azure/kusto/query/). For more information, see [Azure Monitor Logs](logs/data-platform-logs.md). |
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| Distributed traces | Traces are series of related events that follow a user request through a distributed system. They can be used to determine behavior of application code and the performance of different transactions. While logs will often be created by individual components of a distributed system, a trace measures the operation and performance of your application across the entire set of components.<br><br>Distributed tracing in Azure Monitor is enabled with the [Application Insights SDK](app/distributed-tracing.md). Trace data is stored with other application log data collected by Application Insights and stored in Azure Monitor Logs. For more information, see [What is Distributed Tracing?](app/distributed-tracing.md). |
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| Changes | Changes are tracked using [Change Analysis](change/change-analysis.md). Changes are a series of events that occur in your Azure application and resources. Change Analysis is a subscription-level observability tool that's built on the power of Azure Resource Graph. <br><br> Once Change Analysis is enabled, the `Microsoft.ChangeAnalysis` resource provider is registered with an Azure Resource Manager subscription. Change Analysis' integrations with Monitoring and Diagnostics tools provide data to help users understand what changes might have caused the issues. Read more about Change Analysis in [Use Change Analysis in Azure Monitor](./change/change-analysis.md). |
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Azure Monitor aggregates and correlates data across multiple Azure subscriptions and tenants, in addition to hosting data for other services. Because this data is stored together, it can be correlated and analyzed using a common set of tools.
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> [!NOTE]
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> It's important to distinguish between Azure Monitor Logs and sources of log data in Azure. For example, subscription level events in Azure are written to an [activity log](essentials/platform-logs-overview.md) that you can view from the Azure Monitor menu. Most resources will write operational information to a [resource log](essentials/platform-logs-overview.md) that you can forward to different locations. Azure Monitor Logs is a log data platform that collects activity logs and resource logs along with other monitoring data to provide deep analysis across your entire set of resources.
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Change Analysis builds on [Azure Resource Graph](../governance/resource-graph/overview.md) to provide a historical record of how your Azure resources have changed over time. It detects managed identities, platform operating system upgrades, and hostname changes. Change Analysis securely queries IP configuration rules, TLS settings, and extension versions to provide more detailed change data.
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## What data does Azure Monitor collect?
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## What data can Azure Monitor collect?
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Azure Monitor can collect data from [sources](monitor-reference.md) that range from your application to any operating system and services it relies on, down to the platform itself. Azure Monitor collects data from each of the following tiers:
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-**Application** - Data about the performance and functionality of the code you've written, regardless of its platform.
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-**Container** - Data about containers and applications running inside containers, such as Azure Kubernetes.
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-**Guest operating system** - Data about the operating system on which your application is running. The system could be running in Azure, another cloud, or on-premises.
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-**Azure resource** - Data about the operation of an Azure resource. For a complete list of the resources that have metrics or logs, see [What can you monitor with Azure Monitor?](monitor-reference.md#azure-supported-services).
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-**Azure resource** - Data about the operation of an Azure resource. For a list of the resources that have metrics and/or logs, see [What can you monitor with Azure Monitor?](monitor-reference.md).
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-**Azure subscription** - Data about the operation and management of an Azure subscription, and data about the health and operation of Azure itself.
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-**Azure tenant** - Data about the operation of tenant-level Azure services, such as Azure Active Directory.
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-**Azure resource changes** - Data about changes within your Azure resources and how to address and triage incidents and issues.
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Monitoring data is only useful if it can increase your visibility into the operation of your computing environment. Some Azure resource providers have a "curated visualization," which gives you a customized monitoring experience for that particular service or set of services. They generally require minimal configuration. Larger, scalable, curated visualizations are known as "insights" and marked with that name in the documentation and the Azure portal.
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For more information, see [List of insights and curated visualizations using Azure Monitor](monitor-reference.md#insights-and-curated-visualizations). Some of the larger insights are described here.
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For more information, see [List of insights and curated visualizations using Azure Monitor](insights/insights-overview.md). Some of the larger insights are described here.
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### Application Insights
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### API
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Multiple APIs are available to read and write metrics and logs to and from Azure Monitor in addition to accessing generated alerts. You can also configure and retrieve alerts. With APIs, you have essentially unlimited possibilities to build custom solutions that integrate with Azure Monitor.
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Multiple APIs are available to read and write metrics and logs to and from Azure Monitor in addition to accessing generated alerts. You can also configure and retrieve alerts. With APIs, you have unlimited possibilities to build custom solutions that integrate with Azure Monitor.
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## Next steps
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Learn more about:
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*[Metrics and logs](./data-platform.md#metrics) for the data collected by Azure Monitor.
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*[Data sources](data-sources.md) for how the different components of your application send telemetry.
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*[Log queries](logs/log-query-overview.md) for analyzing collected data.
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*[Best practices](/azure/architecture/best-practices/monitoring) for monitoring cloud applications and services.
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*[Best practices](/azure/architecture/best-practices/monitoring) for monitoring cloud applications and services.
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