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This article shows you how to configure [active geo-replication for Azure SQL Database](active-geo-replication-overview.md#active-geo-replication-terminology-and-capabilities) using the [Azure portal](https://portal.azure.com) and to initiate failover.
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* A database in Azure SQL Database: The primary database that you want to replicate to a different geographical region.
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> [!Note]
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> When using Azure portal, you can only create a secondary database within the same subscription as the primary. If secondary database is required to be in a different subscription, use[Create Database REST API](https://docs.microsoft.com/rest/api/sql/databases/createorupdate) or [ALTER DATABASE Transact-SQL API](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/t-sql/statements/alter-database-transact-sql).
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> When using Azure portal, you can only create a secondary database within the same subscription as the primary. If a secondary database is required to be in a different subscription, use [Create Database REST API](https://docs.microsoft.com/rest/api/sql/databases/createorupdate) or [ALTER DATABASE Transact-SQL API](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/t-sql/statements/alter-database-transact-sql).
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---
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title: Active geo-replication
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description: Use active geo-replication to create readable secondary databases of individual Azure SQL Databases in the same or different data center (region)se.
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description: Use active geo-replication to create readable secondary databases of individual databases in Azure SQL Database in the same or different datacenter regions.
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services: sql-database
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ms.service: sql-database
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ms.subservice: high-availability
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Active geo-replication is an Azure SQL Database feature that allows you to create readable secondary databases of individual databases on a server in the same or different data center (region).
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> [!NOTE]
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> Active geo-replication is not supported by Azure SQL Managed Instance. For geographic failover of SQL Managed Instances, use [Auto-failover groups](auto-failover-group-overview.md).
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> Active geo-replication is not supported by Azure SQL Managed Instance. For geographic failover of instances of SQL Managed Instance, use [Auto-failover groups](auto-failover-group-overview.md).
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Active geo-replication is designed as a business continuity solution that allows the application to perform quick disaster recovery of individual databases in case of a regional disaster or large scale outage. If geo-replication is enabled, the application can initiate failover to a secondary database in a different Azure region. Up to four secondaries are supported in the same or different regions, and the secondaries can also be used for read-only access queries. The failover must be initiated manually by the application or the user. After failover, the new primary has a different connection end point.
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-[Transact-SQL: Single database or elastic pool](/sql/t-sql/statements/alter-database-azure-sql-database)
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-[REST API: Single database](https://docs.microsoft.com/rest/api/sql/replicationlinks)
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Active geo-replication leverages the [Always On availability group](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/database-engine/availability-groups/windows/overview-of-always-on-availability-groups-sql-server) technology of the SQL database engine to asynchronously replicate committed transactions on the primary database to a secondary database using snapshot isolation. Auto-failover groups provide the group semantics on top of active geo-replication but the same asynchronous replication mechanism is used. While at any given point, the secondary database might be slightly behind the primary database, the secondary data is guaranteed to never have partial transactions. Cross-region redundancy enables applications to quickly recover from a permanent loss of an entire datacenter or parts of a datacenter caused by natural disasters, catastrophic human errors, or malicious acts. The specific RPO data can be found at [Overview of Business Continuity](business-continuity-high-availability-disaster-recover-hadr-overview.md).
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Active geo-replication leverages the [Always On availability group](https://docs.microsoft.com/sql/database-engine/availability-groups/windows/overview-of-always-on-availability-groups-sql-server) technology of the database engine to asynchronously replicate committed transactions on the primary database to a secondary database using snapshot isolation. Auto-failover groups provide the group semantics on top of active geo-replication but the same asynchronous replication mechanism is used. While at any given point, the secondary database might be slightly behind the primary database, the secondary data is guaranteed to never have partial transactions. Cross-region redundancy enables applications to quickly recover from a permanent loss of an entire datacenter or parts of a datacenter caused by natural disasters, catastrophic human errors, or malicious acts. The specific RPO data can be found at [Overview of Business Continuity](business-continuity-high-availability-disaster-recover-hadr-overview.md).
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> [!NOTE]
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> If there is a network failure between two regions, we retry every 10 seconds to re-establish connections.
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> [!NOTE]
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> The log replay is delayed on the secondary database if there are schema updates on the Primary. The latter requires a schema lock on the secondary database.
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> [!IMPORTANT]
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> You can use geo-replication to create a secondary database in the same region as the primary. You can use this secondary to load-balance a read-only workloads in the same region. However, a secondary database in the same region does not provide additional fault resilience and therefore is not a suitable failover target for disaster recovery. It will also not guarantee availability zone isolation. Use Business critical or Premium service tier with [zone redundant configuration](high-availability-sla.md#zone-redundant-configuration) to achieve availability zone isolation.
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>
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### T-SQL: Manage failover of single and pooled databases
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> [!IMPORTANT]
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> These Transact-SQL commands only apply to active geo-replication and do not apply to failover groups. As such, they also do not apply to Managed Instances, as they only support failover groups.
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> These Transact-SQL commands only apply to active geo-replication and do not apply to failover groups. As such, they also do not apply to instances of SQL Managed Instance, as they only support failover groups.
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| Command | Description |
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| --- | --- |
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| --- | --- |
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|[Create or Update Database (createMode=Restore)](https://docs.microsoft.com/rest/api/sql/databases/createorupdate)|Creates, updates, or restores a primary or a secondary database. |
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|[Get Create or Update Database Status](https://docs.microsoft.com/rest/api/sql/databases/createorupdate)|Returns the status during a create operation. |
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|[Set Secondary Database as Primary (Planned Failover)](https://docs.microsoft.com/rest/api/sql/replicationlinks/failover)|Sets which secondary database is primary by failing over from the current primary database. **This option is not supported for Managed Instance.**|
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|[Set Secondary Database as Primary (Unplanned Failover)](https://docs.microsoft.com/rest/api/sql/replicationlinks/failoverallowdataloss)|Sets which secondary database is primary by failing over from the current primary database. This operation might result in data loss. **This option is not supported for Managed Instance.**|
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|[Get Replication Link](https://docs.microsoft.com/rest/api/sql/replicationlinks/get)|Gets a specific replication link for a given SQL database in a geo-replication partnership. It retrieves the information visible in the sys.geo_replication_links catalog view. **This option is not supported for Managed Instance.**|
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|[Set Secondary Database as Primary (Planned Failover)](https://docs.microsoft.com/rest/api/sql/replicationlinks/failover)|Sets which secondary database is primary by failing over from the current primary database. **This option is not supported for SQL Managed Instance.**|
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|[Set Secondary Database as Primary (Unplanned Failover)](https://docs.microsoft.com/rest/api/sql/replicationlinks/failoverallowdataloss)|Sets which secondary database is primary by failing over from the current primary database. This operation might result in data loss. **This option is not supported for SQL Managed Instance.**|
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|[Get Replication Link](https://docs.microsoft.com/rest/api/sql/replicationlinks/get)|Gets a specific replication link for a given SQL database in a geo-replication partnership. It retrieves the information visible in the sys.geo_replication_links catalog view. **This option is not supported for SQL Managed Instance.**|
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|[Replication Links - List By Database](https://docs.microsoft.com/rest/api/sql/replicationlinks/listbydatabase)| Gets all replication links for a given SQL database in a geo-replication partnership. It retrieves the information visible in the sys.geo_replication_links catalog view. |
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|[Delete Replication Link](https://docs.microsoft.com/rest/api/sql/replicationlinks/delete)| Deletes a database replication link. Cannot be done during failover. |
-**Retain** an audit trail of selected events. You can define categories of database actions to be audited.
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-**Report** on database activity. You can use pre-configured reports and a dashboard to get started quickly with activity and event reporting.
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-**Analyze** reports. You can find suspicious events, unusual activity, and trends.
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> [!IMPORTANT]
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> Azure SQL Database auditing is optimized for availability & performance. During very high activity Azure SQL Database or Azure Synapse allows operations to proceed and may not record some audited events.
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> Azure SQL Database auditing is optimized for availability and performance. During very high activity Azure SQL Database or Azure Synapse allows operations to proceed and may not record some audited events.
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### Auditing limitations
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- SUCCESSFUL_DATABASE_AUTHENTICATION_GROUP
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- FAILED_DATABASE_AUTHENTICATION_GROUP
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You can configure auditing for different types of actions and action groups using PowerShell, as described in the [Manage SQL database auditing using Azure PowerShell](#manage-auditing) section.
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You can configure auditing for different types of actions and action groups using PowerShell, as described in the [Manage SQL Database auditing using Azure PowerShell](#manage-auditing) section.
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Azure SQL Database and Azure Synapse Audit stores 4000 characters of data for character fields in an audit record. When the **statement** or the **data_sensitivity_information** values returned from an auditable action contain more than 4000 characters, any data beyond the first 4000 characters will be **truncated and not audited**.
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The following section describes the configuration of auditing using the Azure portal.
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### <aid="audit-event-hub-destination"></a>Audit to Event Hub destination
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> [!WARNING]
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> Enabling auditing on a server that has a SQL database pool on it **results in the SQL database pool being resumed and re-paused again** which may incur billing charges.
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> Enabling auditing on a paused SQL database pool is not possible. To enable it, un-pause the SQL database pool.
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> Enabling auditing on a server that has a SQL Database pool on it **results in the SQL Database pool being resumed and re-paused again** which may incur billing charges.
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> Enabling auditing on a paused SQL Database pool is not possible. To enable it, un-pause the SQL Database pool.
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To configure writing audit logs to an event hub, select **Event Hub (Preview)** and open **Event Hub details**. Select the event hub where logs will be written and then click **OK**. Be sure that the event hub is in the same region as your database and server.
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