Update ubuntu-pro-in-place-upgrade.md

copied in new edits for Acrolinx and style guide corrections

Author: ChaseCrum

articles/virtual-machines/workloads/canonical/ubuntu-pro-in-place-upgrade.md

@@ -1,166 +1,174 @@
+
 ---
 title: In-place upgrade to Ubuntu Pro Linux images on Azure
 description: Learn how to do an in-place upgrade from Ubuntu Server to Ubuntu Pro
-author: chasecrum
+author: anujkmaurya
 ms.service: virtual-machines
 ms.subservice: billing
-ms.custom: devx-track-linux, devx-track-azurecli
+ms.custom: devx-track-linux, devx-track-azurecli, linux-related-content
 ms.collection: linux
 ms.topic: article
-ms.date: 09/12/2023
-ms.author: chasecrum
+ms.date: 9/12/2023
+ms.author: anujmaurya
 ---
 
 # Ubuntu Server to Ubuntu Pro in-place upgrade on Azure
 
-**Applies to:** :heavy_check_mark: Linux virtual machines
+Customers can now upgrade their Ubuntu Server (version 16.04 or higher) virtual machines to Ubuntu
+Pro without redeployment or downtime. This method has proven useful for customers wishing to convert
+their servers from Ubuntu 18.04 LTS now that it's reached End of Life (EOL).
 
-Customers can now upgrade from Ubuntu Server (16.04 or higher) to Ubuntu Pro on your existing Azure
-Virtual Machines without redeployment or downtime. One of the major use cases includes conversion of
-Ubuntu 18.04 LTS going EOL to Ubuntu Pro.
-[Canonical announced that the Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver) OS images end-of-life (EOL)](https://ubuntu.com/18-04/azure).
-Canonical no longer provides technical support, software updates, or security patches for this
-version. Customers need to upgrade to Ubuntu Pro to continue to be on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS.
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> Canonical has announced that Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver) OS images are now
+> [out of standard support][01]. This means that Canonical will no longer offer technical support,
+> software updates, or security patches for this version. Customers wishing to continue using Ubuntu
+> 18.04 LTS need to upgrade to Ubuntu Pro for continued supportability.
 
-## What is Ubuntu Pro?
+## What's Ubuntu Pro?
 
 Ubuntu Pro is a cross-cloud OS, optimized for Azure, and security maintained for 10 years. The
-secure use of open-source software allows teams to utilize the latest technologies while meeting
-internal governance and compliance requirements. Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS, remains fully compatible with
-Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS, but adds more security enabled by default, including compliance and
-management tools in a form suitable for small to large-scale Linux operations. Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS
-is fully supported until April 2028. Ubuntu Pro also comes with security patching for all Ubuntu
-packages due to Extended Security Maintenance (ESM) for Infrastructure and Applications and optional
-24/7 phone and ticket support.
-
-Customers using Ubuntu Server 18.04, for example, can upgrade to Ubuntu Pro and continue to receive
-security patches from Canonical until 2028. Customers can upgrade to Ubuntu Pro via Azure CLI.
+secure use of open-source software allows the operating system to use the latest technologies while
+meeting internal governance and compliance requirements. Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS remains fully
+compatible with Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS, with more security enabled by default. It includes
+compliance and management tools in a form suitable for small to large-scale Linux operations. Ubuntu
+Pro 18.04 LTS is fully supported until April 2028. Ubuntu Pro provides Extended Security Maintenance
+(ESM) for infrastructure and applications support, providing security patching for all Ubuntu
+packages.
 
 ## Why developers and devops choose Ubuntu Pro for Azure
 
-* Access to security updates for 23,000+ packages including Apache Kafka, NGINX, MongoDB, Redis and
-  PostgreSQL, integrated into normal system tools (for example Azure Update Manager, apt)
-* Security hardening and audit tools (CIS) to establish a security baseline across your systems (and
-  help you meet the Azure Linux Security Baseline policy)
-* FIPS 140-2 certified modules
-* Common Criteria (CC) EAL2 provisioning packages
-* Kernel Live patch: kernel patches delivered immediately, without the need to reboot
-* Optimized performance: optimized kernel, with improved boot speed, outstanding runtime performance
-  and advanced device support
-* 10-year security maintenance: Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS provides security maintenance until April 2028
-* Production ready: Ubuntu is the leading Linux in the public cloud with > 50% of Linux workloads
-* Developer friendly: Ubuntu is the \#1 Linux for developers offering the latest libraries and tools
-  to innovate with the latest technologies
-* Non-stop security: Canonical publishes images frequently, ensuring security is present from the
-  moment an instance launches
-* Portability: Ubuntu is available in all regions with content mirrors to reduce the need to go
-  across regions or out to the Internet for updates
-* Consistent experience across platforms: from edge to multicloud, Ubuntu provides the same
-  experience regardless of the platform. It ensures consistency of your CI/CD pipelines and
-  management mechanisms.
+- Access to security updates for 23,000+ packages including Apache Kafka, NGINX, MongoDB, Redis and
+  PostgreSQL, integrated into system tools (for example Azure Update Manager, apt)
+- Security hardening and audit tools (CIS) to establish a security baseline across your systems (and
+  help you meet the Azure Linux Security Baseline policy)
+- FIPS 140-2 certified modules
+- Common Criteria (CC) EAL2 provisioning packages
+- Kernel Live patch: kernel patches delivered immediately, without the need to reboot
+- Optimized performance: optimized kernel, with improved boot speed, outstanding runtime performance
+  and advanced device support
+- 10-year security maintenance: Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS provides security maintenance until April 2028
+- Developer friendly: Ubuntu offers developers the latest libraries and tools to innovate with the latest technologies
+- Nonstop security: Canonical publishes images ensuring security is present from the moment an instance launches
+- Portability: Ubuntu is available in all regions with content mirrors to reduce the need to go across regions or out to the Internet for updates
+- Consistent experience across platforms: from edge to multicloud, Ubuntu provides the same experience regardless of the platform. It ensures consistency of your CI/CD pipelines and management mechanisms.
 
 > [!NOTE]
-> This document presents the direction to upgrade from an Ubuntu Server (16.04 or higher) image to
-> Ubuntu Pro with zero downtime for upgrade by executing the following steps in your VMs:
->
-> 1. Converting to Ubuntu Pro license
-> 2. Validating the license
->
-> Converting to UBUNTU_PRO is an irreversible process. You can't even downgrade a VM by running
-> detach. Open a support ticket for any exceptions.
+> This document provides instructions to upgrade Ubuntu Server (16.04 or higher) to
+> Ubuntu Pro. Converting to Ubuntu Pro is an irreversible process.
 
 ## Convert to Ubuntu Pro using the Azure CLI
 
-```azurecli-interactive
-# The following will enable Ubuntu Pro on a virtual machine
+The following command enables Ubuntu Pro on a virtual machine in Azure:
+
+```Azure CLI
 az vm update -g myResourceGroup -n myVmName --license-type UBUNTU_PRO
 ```
 
-```In-VM commands
-# The next step is to execute two in-VM commands
+Execute these commands inside the VM:
+
+```bash
 sudo apt install ubuntu-advantage-tools
 sudo pro auto-attach
 ```
 
-(Note that "sudo apt install ubuntu-advantage-tools" is only necessary if "pro --version" is lower than 28)
+If the `pro --version` is lower than 28, execute this command:
+
+```bash
+sudo apt install ubuntu-advantage-tools
+```
 
 ## Validate the license
 
+use the `pro status --all` command to validate the license:
+
 Expected output:
 
-![Screenshot of the expected output.](./expected-output.png)
+```output
+SERVICE      ENTITLED    STATUS    DESCRIPTION
+cc-eal       yes         disabled  Common Criteria EAL2 Provisioning Packages
+cis          yes         disables  Security compliance and audit tools
+esm-apps     yes         enabled   Expanded Security Maintenance and audit tools
+esm-infra    yes         enabled   Expanded Security Maintenance for infrastructure
+fips         yes         disabled  NIST-certified core packages
+fips-updates yes         disabled  NIST-certified core packages with priority security updates
+livepatch    yes         enabled   Canonical Livepatch service
+```
 
 ## Create an Ubuntu Pro VM using the Azure CLI
 
-You can also create a new VM using the Ubuntu Server images and apply Ubuntu Pro at create time.
+You can create a new VM using the Ubuntu Server images and apply Ubuntu Pro at the time of creation.
+The following command enables Ubuntu Pro on a virtual machine in Azure:
 
-For example:
-
-```azurecli-interactive
-# The following will enable Ubuntu Pro on a virtual machine
+```Azure CLI
 az vm update -g myResourceGroup -n myVmName --license-type UBUNTU_PRO
 ```
 
-```In-VM commands
-# The next step is to execute two in-VM commands
+Execute these commands inside the VM:
+
+```bash
 sudo apt install ubuntu-advantage-tools
 sudo pro auto-attach
 ```
 
->[!NOTE]
-> For systems with advantage tools version 28 or higher installed the system will perform a pro attach during a reboot.
+> [!NOTE]
+> For systems with advantage tools using version 28 or higher, installed the system will perform a
+> `pro attach` during a reboot.
 
 ## Check licensing model using the Azure CLI
 
-You can use the az vm get-instance-view command to check the status. Look for a licenseType field in the response. If the licenseType field exists and the value is UBUNTU_PRO, your virtual machine has Ubuntu Pro enabled.
+> [!TIP]
+> You can query the metadata in _Azure Instance Metadata Service_ to determine the virtual machine's
+> _licenseType_ value. You can use the `az vm get-instance-view` command to check the status. Look
+> for the _licenseType_ field in the response. If the field exists and the value is UBUNTU_PRO, your
+> virtual machine has Ubuntu Pro enabled. [Learn more about attested metadata][02].
 
 ```Azure CLI
 az vm get-instance-view -g MyResourceGroup -n MyVm
 ```
 
-## Check the licensing model of an Ubuntu Pro enabled VM using Azure Instance Metadata Service
-
-From within the virtual machine itself, you can query the attested metadata in Azure Instance Metadata Service to determine the virtual machine's licenseType value. A licenseType value of UBUNTU_PRO indicates that your virtual machine has Ubuntu Pro enabled. [Learn more about attested metadata](../../instance-metadata-service.md).
-
 ## Billing
 
-You are charged for Ubuntu Pro as part of the Preview. Visit the
-[pricing calculator](https://azure.microsoft.com/pricing/calculator/) for more details on Ubuntu Pro
-pricing. To cancel the Pro subscription during the preview period, open a support ticket through the
-Azure portal.
-
-## Frequently Asked Questions
+Visit the [pricing calculator][03] for more details on Ubuntu Pro pricing. To cancel the Pro
+subscription during the preview period, open a support ticket through the Azure portal.
 
-### What are the next step after launching an Ubuntu Pro VM?
+## Next steps after launching an Ubuntu Pro VM
 
 With the availability of outbound internet access, Ubuntu Pro automatically enables premium features
-such as Extended Security Maintenance for
-[Main and Universe repositories](https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories) and
-[live patch](https://ubuntu.com/security/livepatch/docs). Should any specific hardening be required
-(for example CIS), check the using 'usg' to
-[harden your servers](https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/comply-with-cis-or-disa-stig-on-ubuntu#1-overview)
-tutorial. Should you require FIPS, check enabling FIPS tutorials.
+including [Live Patch][04] and Extended Security Maintenance for
+[Main and Universe repositories][05].
+Should any specific hardening be required, check `usg` to [harden your servers][06] for CIP and FIPS
+tutorials.
+Learn more about networking requirements (such as egress traffic, endpoints and ports) by reading
+[Ubuntu Pro Client network requirements][07].
 
-For more information about networking requirements for making sure Pro enablement process works
-(such as egress traffic, endpoints and ports)
-[check this documentation](https://canonical-ubuntu-pro-client.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/references/network_requirements.html).
+## Frequently Asked Questions
 
-### Does shutting down the machine stop billing?
+**Does shutting down the machine stop billing?**
 
-If you launch Ubuntu Pro from Azure Marketplace you pay as you go, so, if you don’t have any machine running, you won’t pay anything additional.
+Launching Ubuntu Pro from Azure Marketplace is you pay as you go and only charges for running
+machines.
 
-### Are there volume discounts?
+**Are there volume discounts?**
 
 Yes. Contact your Microsoft sales representative.
 
-### Are Reserved Instances available?
+**Are Reserved Instances available?**
+
+Yes.
 
-Yes
+**If the customer doesn't perform the `auto attach` function, will they still get attached to pro on reboot?**
 
-### If the customer doesn't do the auto attach will they still get attached to pro on reboot?
+If the customer doesn't perform the _auto attach_, they still get the Pro attached upon reboot.
+However, this action only applies if they're using version 28 of the Pro client.
 
-If the customer doesn't perform the auto attach, they still get the Pro attached upon reboot.
-However, this applies only if they have v28 of the Pro client.
+- For Ubuntu Jammy and Focal, this process works as expected.
+- For Ubuntu Bionic and Xenial, this process doesn't work due to older versions of the Pro client installed.
 
-* For Jammy and Focal, this process works as expected.
-* For Bionic and Xenial this process doesn't work due to the older versions of the Pro client installed.
+<!-- link references -->
+[01]: https://ubuntu.com/18-04/azure
+[02]: ../../instance-metadata-service.md
+[03]: https://azure.microsoft.com/pricing/calculator/
+[04]: https://ubuntu.com/security/livepatch/docs
+[05]: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories
+[06]: (https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/comply-with-cis-or-disa-stig-on-ubuntu#1-overview)
+[07]: https://canonical-ubuntu-pro-client.readthedocs-hosted.com/latest/references/network_requirements.html