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articles/migrate/concepts-business-case-calculation.md

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| Category | Component | Logic |
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| --- | --- | --- |
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| On-premises emissions | Scope 1 emissions | Scope 1 includes emissions from on-premises generators that use fossil fuels. <br/><br/> **Scope 1 Emissions** (MtCO₂e) = Number of Generators(1) * Avg Usage Hours(2 hours per year) * Fuel Consumption (0.4 L/hp hour) * Power Output (1000 hp) * Fuel Emission Factor (0.002 MtCO2e/L) * Power Alignment Factor.
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| | Scope 2 emissions – Compute emissions + Storage emissions | Scope 2 includes indirect emissions from the electricity used by physical servers. <br/><br/> **Scope 2 compute emissions** (MtCO2e) = Total cores count * Hours in a year * on-prem TDP (0.009 kWh per core) * on-prem PUE (1.8) * on-prem carbon intensity (based on region) * (1-% Power from renewable sources). <br/><br/> **Scope 2 storage emissions** (MtCO2e) = Total storage capacity (TB) * on-prem storage power rating (10 kWh/year per TB) * on-prem PUE (1.8) * on-prem carbon intensity (based on region) * (1-% Power from renewable sources). </br><br/> **Note**: These calculations use the market view for emissions. To calculate location view, follow the same steps but skip the adjustment for renewable energy.
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| On-premises emissions | Scope 1 emissions | Scope 1 includes emissions from on-premises generators that use fossil fuels. <br/><br/> **Scope 1 emissions** (MtCO₂e) = Number of Generators(1) * Avgerage usage hours(2 hours per year) * Fuel consumption (0.4 L/hp hour) * Power output (1000 hp) * Fuel emission factor (0.002 MtCO2e/L) * Power alignment factor.
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| | Scope 2 emissions – Compute emissions + Storage emissions | Scope 2 includes indirect emissions from the electricity used by physical servers. <br/><br/> **Scope 2 compute emissions** (MtCO2e) = Total cores count * Hours in a year * on-premises TDP (0.009 kWh per core) * on-premises PUE (1.8) * on-premises carbon intensity (based on region) * (1-% Power from renewable sources). <br/><br/> **Scope 2 storage emissions** (MtCO2e) = Total storage capacity (TB) * on-premises storage power rating (10 kWh/year per TB) * on-premises PUE (1.8) * on-premises carbon intensity (based on region) * (1-% Power from renewable sources). </br><br/> **Note**: These calculations use the market view for emissions. To calculate location view, follow the same steps but skip the adjustment for renewable energy.
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| | **Scope 3 emissions** | Scope 3 accounts for emissions embedded in the manufacture, transport, and end-of-life of physical servers. <br/><br/> **Scope 3 compute emissions** (MtCO2e) – Total physical servers * {Manufacturing share of total emissions(18.2%) + Transport share of total emissions(0.1%) + End-of-life share of total emissions(0.5%)} <br/><br/> **Scope 3 storage emissions (MtCO2e)** – Total storage (in TB) * {Manufacturing share of total emissions(58 MtCO2e) + Transport share of total emissions(2 MtCO2e) + End-of-life share of total emissions(1 MtCO2e)} (MtCO2e) – Total physical servers * {Manufacturing share of total emissions(18.2%) + Transport share of total emissions(0.1%) + End-of-life share of total emissions(0.5%)}
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| Azure Emissions | Scope 1,Scope 2, and Scope 3 | Azure emissions are powered by Microsoft’s carbon rate card. For more information, see [calculation methodology](/industry/sustainability/sustainability-data-solutions-fabric/azure-emissions-insights-calculation-methodology).The calculation methodology ensures consistency and transparency across Microsoft’s sustainability offerings.|
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| Azure emissions | Scope 1,Scope 2, and Scope 3 | Azure emissions are powered by Microsoft’s carbon rate card. For more information, see [calculation methodology](/industry/sustainability/sustainability-data-solutions-fabric/azure-emissions-insights-calculation-methodology).The calculation methodology ensures consistency and transparency across Microsoft’s sustainability offerings.|
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### On-premises with Arc and Azure (future state)
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articles/migrate/how-to-build-a-business-case.md

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- Resource utilization based insights to identify servers and workloads that are ideal for cloud.
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- Quick wins for migration and modernization including end of support Windows OS and SQL versions.
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- Long term cost savings by moving from a capital expenditure model to an Operating expenditure model, by paying for only what you use.
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- Sustainability insights indicate a reduction in carbon emissions when moving from on-premises to Azure.
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- Sustainability insights indicate a reduction in carbon emissions when migrating from on-premises to Azure.
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- (Optional) Current on-premises vs On-premises with Arc total cost of ownership.
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- (Optional) the cost savings and other benefits of using Azure security (Microsoft Defender for Cloud) and management (Azure Monitor and Update Management) via Arc, and ESUs enabled by Arc for your on-premises servers.
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articles/migrate/how-to-view-a-business-case.md

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- Potential savings (TCO).
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- Estimated year on year cashflow savings based on the estimated migration completed that year.
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- Savings from unique Azure benefits like Azure Hybrid Benefit.
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- Carbon emissions reductions by moving to Azure.
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- Migrating to Azure reduces carbon emissions
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- Savings from Security and Management capabilities.
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- Discovery insights covering the scope of the business case.
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- Support status of the operating system and database licenses.

articles/migrate/whats-new.md

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## Update (June) 2025
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- Public preview: Azure Migrate supports sustainability efforts by offering Sustainability insights in its Business Case. It empowers IT, finance, and sustainability teams estimate on-premises emissions, compare them with Azure emissions, track yearly reductions, and show both cost and environmental benefits in a single view. Teams make informed, carbon-aware migration decisions that align with their organization’s ESG goals.
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- Public preview: Azure Migrate supports sustainability efforts by offering Sustainability insights in its Business Case. It empowers IT, finance, and sustainability teams estimate on-premises emissions, compare them with Azure emissions, track yearly reductions, and show both cost and environmental benefits in a single view. This helps teams make smart migration choices that reduce carbon emissions and support their organization’s ESG goals.
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## Update (May 2025)
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