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‎articles/synapse-analytics/sql/overview-features.md

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@@ -23,19 +23,19 @@ Consumption models in Synapse SQL enable you to use different database objects.
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| | Dedicated | Serverless |
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| --- | --- | --- |
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| **Tables** | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-table-azure-sql-data-warehouse?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) | No, the in-database tables are not supported. Serverless SQL pool can query only [external tables](develop-tables-external-tables.md?tabs=native) that reference data placed on [Azure Storage](#data-access). |
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| **Views** | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-view-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true). Views can use [query language elements](#query-language) that are available in dedicated model. | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-view-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true), you can create views over [external tables](develop-tables-external-tables.md?tabs=native) and other views. Views can use [query language elements](#query-language) that are available in serverless model. |
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| **Tables** | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-table-azure-sql-data-warehouse?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) | No, the in-database tables are not supported. Serverless SQL pool can query only [external tables](develop-tables-external-tables.md?tabs=native) that reference data stored in [Azure Data Lake storage or Dataverse](#data-access). |
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| **Views** | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-view-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true). Views can use [query language elements](#query-language) that are available in dedicated model. | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-view-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true), you can create views over [external tables](develop-tables-external-tables.md?tabs=native), the queries with the OPENROWSET function, and other views. Views can use [query language elements](#query-language) that are available in serverless model. |
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| **Schemas** | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-schema-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-schema-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true), schemas are supported. Use schemas to isolate different tenants and place their tables per schemas. |
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| **Temporary tables** | [Yes](../sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-tables-temporary.md?context=/azure/synapse-analytics/context/context) | Temporary tables might be used just to store some information from the system views, literals, or other temporary tables. UPDATE/DELETE on temp table is also supported. You can join temporary tables with the system views. You cannot select data from an external table to insert it into temporary table or join a temporary table with an external table - these operations will fail because external data and temporary tables cannot be mixed in the same query. |
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| **User defined procedures** | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-procedure-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) | Yes, stored procedures can be placed in any user databases (not `master` database). Procedures can just read external data and use [query language elements](#query-language) that are available in serverless pool. |
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| **User defined functions** | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-function-sql-data-warehouse?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) | Yes, only inline table-valued functions. Scalar user-defined functions are not supported. |
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| **Triggers** | No | No, serverless SQL pools do not allow changing data, so the triggers cannot react on data changes. |
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| **External tables** | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-external-table-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true). See supported [data formats](#data-formats). | Yes, [external tables](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-external-table-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) are available. See the supported [data formats](#data-formats). |
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| **External tables ** (EXTERNAL DATA SOURCE, EXTERNAL FILE FORMAT) | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-external-table-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true). See supported [data formats](#data-formats). | Yes, [external tables](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-external-table-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) are available and can be used to read data from [Azure Data Lake storage or Dataverse](#data-access). See the supported [data formats](#data-formats). |
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| **Caching queries** | Yes, multiple forms (SSD-based caching, in-memory, resultset caching). In addition, Materialized View are supported | No, only the file statistics are cached. |
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| **Table variables** | [No](/sql/t-sql/data-types/table-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true), use temporary tables | No, table variables are not supported. |
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| **[Table distribution](../sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-tables-distribute.md?context=/azure/synapse-analytics/context/context)** | Yes | No, table distributions are not supported. |
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| **[Table indexes](../sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-tables-index.md?context=/azure/synapse-analytics/context/context)** | Yes | No, indexes are not supported. |
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| **Table partitioning** | [Yes](../sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-tables-partition.md?context=/azure/synapse-analytics/context/context). | External tables do not support partitioning. You can partition files using Hive-partition folder structure and create partitioned tables in Spark. The Spark partitioning will be [synchronized with the serverless pool](../metadata/table.md). If you are not using Spark, you can partition your files in folder structure and can create [partitioned views](create-use-views.md#partitioned-views) on folder partition structure, but external tables cannot be created on partitioned folders. |
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| **Table partitioning** | [Yes](../sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-tables-partition.md?context=/azure/synapse-analytics/context/context). | External tables do not support partitioning. You can partition files using Hive-partition folder structure and create partitioned tables in Spark. The Spark partitioning will be [synchronized with the serverless pool](../metadata/table.md). If you are not using Spark, you can partition your files in folder structure and can create [partitioned views](create-use-views.md#partitioned-views) on folder partition structure, but the external tables cannot be created on partitioned folders. |
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| **[Statistics](develop-tables-statistics.md)** | Yes | Yes, statistics are [created on external files](develop-tables-statistics.md#statistics-in-serverless-sql-pool). |
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| **Workload management, resource classes, and concurrency control** | Yes, see [workload management, resource classes, and concurrency control](../sql-data-warehouse/resource-classes-for-workload-management.md?context=/azure/synapse-analytics/context/context). | No, serverless SQL pool automatically manages the resources. |
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| **Cost control** | Yes, using scale-up and scale-down actions. | Yes, using [the Azure portal or T-SQL procedure](./data-processed.md#cost-control). |
@@ -85,13 +85,13 @@ Synapse SQL pools enable you to use built-in security features to secure your da
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| **Storage [Managed Identity](../../data-factory/data-factory-service-identity.md?context=/azure/synapse-analytics/context/context&tabs=synapse-analytics) authentication** | Yes, using [Managed Service Identity Credential](../../azure-sql/database/vnet-service-endpoint-rule-overview.md?bc=%2fazure%2fsynapse-analytics%2fbreadcrumb%2ftoc.json&preserve-view=true&toc=%2fazure%2fsynapse-analytics%2ftoc.json&view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) | Yes, The query can access the storage using the workspace [Managed Identity](develop-storage-files-storage-access-control.md?tabs=managed-identity#database-scoped-credential) credential. |
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| **Storage Application identity/Service principal (SPN) authentication** | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-external-data-source-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) | Yes, you can create a [credential](develop-storage-files-storage-access-control.md?tabs=service-principal#database-scoped-credential) with a [service principal application ID](develop-storage-files-storage-access-control.md?tabs=service-principal#supported-storage-authorization-types) that will be used to authenticate on the storage. |
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| **Server roles** | No | Yes, sysadmin, public, and other server-roles are supported. |
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| **SERVER SCOPED CREDENTIAL** | No | Yes, the server scoped credentials are used by the `OPENROWSET` function that do not uses explicit data source. |
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| **SERVER SCOPED CREDENTIAL** | No | Yes, the [server scoped credentials](develop-storage-files-storage-access-control.md?tabs=user-identity#server-scoped-credential) are used by the `OPENROWSET` function that do not uses explicit data source. |
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| **Permissions - [Server-level](/sql/relational-databases/security/authentication-access/server-level-roles)** | No | Yes, for example, `CONNECT ANY DATABASE` and `SELECT ALL USER SECURABLES` enable a user to read data from any databases. |
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| **Database roles** | Yes | Yes, you can use `db_owner`, `db_datareader` and `db_ddladmin` roles. |
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| **DATABASE SCOPED CREDENTIAL** | Yes, used in external data sources. | Yes, used in external data sources. |
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| **DATABASE SCOPED CREDENTIAL** | Yes, used in external data sources. | Yes, database scoped credentials can be used in external data sources to [define storage authentication method](develop-storage-files-storage-access-control?tabs=user-identity.md#database-scoped-credential). |
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| **Permissions - [Database-level](/sql/relational-databases/security/authentication-access/database-level-roles?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true)** | Yes | Yes, you can grant, deny, or revoke permissions on the database objects. |
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| **Permissions - Schema-level** | Yes, including ability to GRANT, DENY, and REVOKE permissions to users/logins on the schema | Yes, you can specify schema-level permissions including ability to GRANT, DENY, and REVOKE permissions to users/logins on the schema |
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| **Permissions - Object-level** | Yes, including ability to GRANT, DENY, and REVOKE permissions to users | Yes, you can GRANT, DENY, and REVOKE permissions to users/logins on the system objects that are supported |
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| **Permissions - Schema-level** | Yes, including ability to GRANT, DENY, and REVOKE permissions to users/logins on the schema | Yes, you can specify schema-level permissions including ability to GRANT, DENY, and REVOKE permissions to users/logins on the schema. |
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| **Permissions - Object-level** | Yes, including ability to GRANT, DENY, and REVOKE permissions to users | Yes, you can GRANT, DENY, and REVOKE permissions to users/logins on the system objects that are supported. |
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| **Permissions - [Column-level security](../sql-data-warehouse/column-level-security.md?bc=%2fazure%2fsynapse-analytics%2fbreadcrumb%2ftoc.json&toc=%2fazure%2fsynapse-analytics%2ftoc.json)** | Yes | Yes, column-level security is supported in serverless SQL pools. |
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| **Built-in/system security & identity functions** | Some Transact-SQL security functions and operators: `CURRENT_USER`, `HAS_DBACCESS`, `IS_MEMBER`, `IS_ROLEMEMBER`, `SESSION_USER`, `SUSER_NAME`, `SUSER_SNAME`, `SYSTEM_USER`, `USER`, `USER_NAME`, `EXECUTE AS`, `OPEN/CLOSE MASTER KEY` | Some Transact-SQL security functions and operators are supported: `CURRENT_USER`, `HAS_DBACCESS`, `HAS_PERMS_BY_NAME`, `IS_MEMBER', 'IS_ROLEMEMBER`, `IS_SRVROLEMEMBER`, `SESSION_USER`, `SESSION_CONTEXT`, `SUSER_NAME`, `SUSER_SNAME`, `SYSTEM_USER`, `USER`, `USER_NAME`, `EXECUTE AS`, and `REVERT`. Security functions cannot be used to query external data (store the result in variable that can be used in the query). |
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| **Row-level security** | [Yes](/sql/relational-databases/security/row-level-security?toc=/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/toc.json&bc=/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/breadcrumb/toc.json&view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) | No built-in support. Use custom views as a [workaround](https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/azure-synapse-analytics-blog/how-to-implement-row-level-security-in-serverless-sql-pools/ba-p/2354759). |
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| **Azure SQL/SQL Server (remote)** | No | No, serverless SQL pool cannot reference Azure SQL database. You can reference serverless SQL pools from Azure SQL using [elastic queries](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/azure-sql/read-azure-storage-files-using-synapse-sql-external-tables/) or [linked servers](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/azure-sql/linked-server-to-synapse-sql-to-implement-polybase-like-scenarios-in-managed-instance). |
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| **Dataverse** | No | Yes, you can read Dataverse tables using [Synapse link](https://docs.microsoft.com/powerapps/maker/data-platform/azure-synapse-link-data-lake). |
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| **Azure CosmosDB transactional storage** | No | No, you cannot access Cosmos DB containers to update data or read data from the Cosmos DB transactional storage. Use [Spark pools to update the Cosmos DB](../synapse-link/how-to-query-analytical-store-spark.md) transactional storage. |
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| **Azure CosmosDB analytical storage** | No | Yes, you can [query Cosmos DB analytical storage](query-cosmos-db-analytical-store.md) using [Synapse Link](../../cosmos-db/synapse-link.md?bc=%2fazure%2fsynapse-analytics%2fbreadcrumb%2ftoc.json&toc=%2fazure%2fsynapse-analytics%2ftoc.json) |
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| **Azure CosmosDB analytical storage** | No | Yes, you can [query Cosmos DB analytical storage](query-cosmos-db-analytical-store.md) using [Synapse Link](../../cosmos-db/synapse-link.md?bc=%2fazure%2fsynapse-analytics%2fbreadcrumb%2ftoc.json&toc=%2fazure%2fsynapse-analytics%2ftoc.json). |
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| **Apache Spark tables (in workspace)** | No | Yes, serverless pool can read PARQUET and CSV tables using [metadata synchronization](develop-storage-files-spark-tables.md). |
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| **Apache Spark tables (remote)** | No | No, serverless pool can access only the PARQUET and CSV tables that are [created in Apache Spark pools in the same Synapse workspace](develop-storage-files-spark-tables.md). |
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| **Databricks tables (remote)** | No | No, serverless pool can access only the PARQUET and CSV tables that are [created in Apache Spark pools in the same Synapse workspace](develop-storage-files-spark-tables.md). |
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| | Dedicated | Serverless |
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| --- | --- | --- |
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| **Delimited** | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-external-file-format-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) | Yes, you can [query delimited files](query-single-csv-file.md). |
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| **CSV** | Yes (multi-character delimiters not supported) | Yes, you can [query CSV files](query-single-csv-file.md). For better performance use PARSER_VERSION 2.0 that provides [faster parsing](develop-openrowset.md#fast-delimited-text-parsing). If you are appending rows to your CSV files, make sure that you [query the files as appendable](query-single-csv-file.md#querying-appendable-files]. |
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| **Parquet** | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-external-file-format-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) | Yes, you can [query Parquet files](query-parquet-files.md), including the files with [nested types](query-parquet-nested-types.md) |
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| **CSV** | Yes (multi-character delimiters not supported) | Yes, you can [query CSV files](query-single-csv-file.md). For better performance use PARSER_VERSION 2.0 that provides [faster parsing](develop-openrowset.md#fast-delimited-text-parsing). If you are appending rows to your CSV files, make sure that you [query the files as appendable](query-single-csv-file.md#querying-appendable-files). |
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| **Parquet** | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-external-file-format-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) | Yes, you can [query Parquet files](query-parquet-files.md), including the files with [nested types](query-parquet-nested-types.md). |
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| **Hive ORC** | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-external-file-format-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) | No, serverless SQL pools cannot read Hive ORC format. |
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| **Hive RC** | [Yes](/sql/t-sql/statements/create-external-file-format-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) | No, serverless SQL pools cannot read Hive RC format. |
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| **JSON** | Yes | Yes, you can [query JSON files](query-json-files.md) using delimited text format and the T-SQL [JSON](/sql/t-sql/functions/json-functions-transact-sql?view=azure-sqldw-latest&preserve-view=true) functions. |
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| **Avro** | No | No, serverless SQL pools cannot read Avro format. |
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| **[Delta Lake](https://delta.io/)** | No | Yes, you can [query delta lake files](query-delta-lake-format.md), including the files with [nested types](query-parquet-nested-types.md) |
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| **[Delta Lake](https://delta.io/)** | No | Yes, you can [query delta lake files](query-delta-lake-format.md), including the files with [nested types](query-parquet-nested-types.md). |
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| **[Common Data Model (CDM)](/common-data-model/)** | No | No, serverless SQL pool cannot read data stored using Common Data Model. |
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