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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: articles/event-grid/event-domains.md
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title: Event Domains in Azure Event Grid
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description: This article describes how to use event domains to manage the flow of custom events to your various business organizations, customers, or applications.
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ms.topic: conceptual
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ms.date: 04/13/2021
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ms.date: 11/17/2022
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---
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# Understand event domains for managing Event Grid topics
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This article describes how to use event domains to manage the flow of custom events to your various business organizations, customers, or applications. Use event domains to:
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An event domain is a management tool for large number of Event Grid topics related to the same application. You can think of it as a meta-topic that can have thousands of individual topics. It allows an event publisher to publish events to thousands of topics at the same time. Domains also give you authentication and authorization control over each topic so you can partition your tenants. This article describes how to use event domains to manage the flow of custom events to your various business organizations, customers, or applications. Use event domains to:
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* Manage multitenant eventing architectures at scale.
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* Manage your authorization and authentication.
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* Manage your authentication and authorization.
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* Partition your topics without managing each individually.
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* Avoid individually publishing to each of your topic endpoints.
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## Event domain overview
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An event domain is a management tool for large numbers of Event Grid topics related to the same application. You can think of it as a meta-topic that can have thousands of individual topics.
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Event domains provide you the same architecture used by Azure services like Storage and IoT Hub to publish their events. They allow you to publish events to thousands of topics. Domains also give you authorization and authentication control over each topic so you can partition your tenants.
With a domain, you get fine grain authorization and authentication control over each topic via Azure role-based access control (Azure RBAC). You can use these roles to restrict each tenant in your application to only the topics you wish to grant them access to.
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Azure RBAC in event domains works the same way [managed access control](security-authorization.md) works in the rest of Event Grid and Azure. Use Azure RBAC to create and enforce custom role definitions in event domains.
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With a domain, you get fine grain authorization and authentication control over each topic via Azure role-based access control (Azure RBAC). You can use these roles to restrict each tenant in your application to only the topics you wish to grant them access to. Azure RBAC in event domains works the same way [managed access control](security-authorization.md) works in the rest of Event Grid and Azure. Use Azure RBAC to create and enforce custom role definitions in event domains.
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### Built in roles
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Event Grid has two built-in role definitions to make Azure RBAC easier for working with event domains. These roles are **EventGrid EventSubscription Contributor (Preview)** and **EventGrid EventSubscription Reader (Preview)**. You assign these roles to users who need to subscribe to topics in your event domain. You scope the role assignment to only the topic that users need to subscribe to.
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For information about these roles, see [Built-in roles for Event Grid](security-authorization.md#built-in-roles).
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Event Grid has two built-in role definitions to make Azure RBAC easier for working with event domains. These roles are **EventGrid EventSubscription Contributor** and **EventGrid EventSubscription Reader**. You assign these roles to users who need to subscribe to topics in your event domain. You scope the role assignment to only the topic that users need to subscribe to. For information about these roles, see [Built-in roles for Event Grid](security-authorization.md#built-in-roles).
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## Subscribing to topics
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Subscribing to events on a topic within an event domain is the same as [creating an Event Subscription on a custom topic](./custom-event-quickstart.md) or subscribing to an event from an Azure service.
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Subscribing to events for a topic within an event domain is the same as [creating an Event Subscription on a custom topic](./custom-event-quickstart.md) or subscribing to an event from an Azure service.
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> [!IMPORTANT]
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> Domain topic is considered an **auto-managed** resource in Event Grid. You can create an event subscription at the [domain scope](#domain-scope-subscriptions) without creating the domain topic. In this case, Event Grid automatically creates the domain topic on your behalf. Of course, you can still choose to create the domain topic manually. This behavior allows you to worry about one less resource when dealing with a huge number of domain topics. When the last subscription to a domain topic is deleted, the domain topic is also deleted irrespective of whether the domain topic was manually created or auto-created.
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## Publishing to an event domain
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When you create an event domain, you're given a publishing endpoint similar to if you had created a topic in Event Grid.
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To publish events to any topic in an Event Domain, push the events to the domain's endpoint the [same way you would for a custom topic](./post-to-custom-topic.md). The only difference is that you must specify the topic you'd like the event to be delivered to.
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For example, publishing the following array of events would send event with `"id": "1111"` to topic `foo` while the event with `"id": "2222"` would be sent to topic `bar`:
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When you create an event domain, you're given a publishing endpoint similar to if you had created a topic in Event Grid. To publish events to any topic in an event domain, push the events to the domain's endpoint the [same way you would for a custom topic](./post-to-custom-topic.md). The only difference is that you must specify the topic you'd like the event to be delivered to. For example, publishing the following array of events would send event with `"id": "1111"` to topic `foo` while the event with `"id": "2222"` would be sent to topic `bar`:
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```json
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Event domains use the same [operations pricing](https://azure.microsoft.com/pricing/details/event-grid/) that all other features in Event Grid use.
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Operations work the same in event domains as they do in custom topics. Each ingress of an event to an event domain is an operation, and each delivery attempt for an event is an operation.
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Event domains use the same [operations pricing](https://azure.microsoft.com/pricing/details/event-grid/) that all other features in Event Grid use. Operations work the same in event domains as they do in custom topics. Each ingress of an event to an event domain is an operation, and each delivery attempt for an event is an operation.
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## Next steps
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* To learn about setting up event domains, creating topics, creating event subscriptions, and publishing events, see [Manage event domains](./how-to-event-domains.md).
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To learn about setting up event domains, creating topics, creating event subscriptions, and publishing events, see [Manage event domains](./how-to-event-domains.md).
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