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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: articles/digital-twins/concepts-ontologies-adopt.md
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## Next steps
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*Learn more about extending industry-standard ontologies to meet your specifications: [Extending industry ontologies](concepts-ontologies-extend.md).
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Learn about extending existing industry-standard ontologies for your specific solution: [Extending industry ontologies](concepts-ontologies-extend.md).
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*Or, continue on the path for developing models based on ontologies: [Using ontology strategies in a model development path](concepts-ontologies.md#full-model-development-path).
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Or, continue on the path for developing models based on ontologies: [Full model development path](concepts-ontologies.md#full-model-development-path).
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## Next steps
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* Learn more about extending industry-standard ontologies to meet your specifications: [Extending industry ontologies](concepts-ontologies-extend.md).
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* Or, continue on the path for developing models based on ontologies: [Using ontology strategies in a model development path](concepts-ontologies.md#full-model-development-path).
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Continue on the path for developing models based on ontologies: [Full model development path](concepts-ontologies.md#full-model-development-path).
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## Next steps
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Continue on the path for developing models based on ontologies: [Using ontology strategies in a model development path](concepts-ontologies.md#full-model-development-path).
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Continue on the path for developing models based on ontologies: [Full model development path](concepts-ontologies.md#full-model-development-path).
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The vocabulary of an Azure Digital Twins solution is defined using [models](concepts-models.md), which describe the types of entities that exist in your environment. An *ontology* is a set of models that comprehensively describe a given domain, like manufacturing, building structures, IoT systems, smart cities, energy grids, web content, and more.
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When you author a model set from scratch that is complete and describes a domain, you're creating your own ontology. Sometimes, however, when modeling standards for an industry already exist, it can be easier and more effective to lean on that existing ontology instead of creating the ontology from scratch yourself.
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When you author a model set from scratch that is complete and describes a domain, you're creating your own ontology. Alternatively, sometimes modeling standards for an industry already exist, and it can be more effective to lean on that existing ontology instead of creating the ontology from scratch yourself.
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The articles in this section explain more about using pre-existing industry ontologies for your Azure Digital Twins scenarios, including what ontologies are available today, and the different strategies for turning industry standards into ontologies for use in Azure Digital Twins.
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The articles in this section explain more about creating ontologies and using pre-existing industry ontologies for your Azure Digital Twins scenarios, including what existing ontologies are available today, and the different strategies for turning industry standards into ontologies for use in Azure Digital Twin
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## Using existing ontologies for Azure Digital Twins
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## Summary of ontology strategies for Azure Digital Twins
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Microsoft has created several [open-source DTDL ontologies](concepts-ontologies-adopt.md) built on widely adopted industry standards. You can use these model sets out-of-the-box in your solutions, or [extend the ontologies](concepts-ontologies-extend.md) with your own additions for a customized solution.
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Here are the main strategies for creating DTDL ontologies to use in Azure Digital Twins. Choose the one that works best for you, depending on how closely the existing materials for your industry already match your solution.
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Either way, existing industry ontologies provide a great starting point for digital twin solutions. They encompass a set of domain-specific models and relationships between entities for designing, creating, and parsing a digital twin graph. Industry ontologies enable solution developers to begin a digital twins solution from a proven starting point, and focus on solving business problems. The industry ontologies provided by Microsoft are also designed to be easily extensible, so that you can customize them for your solution. Because models in Azure Digital Twins are represented in [Digital Twins Definition Language (DTDL)](https://github.com/Azure/opendigitaltwins-dtdl/blob/master/DTDL/v2/DTDL.v2.md), ontologies for use with Azure Digital Twins are also written in DTDL.
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| Strategy | Description | Resources |
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| --- | --- | --- |
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| Adopt | You can jump-start your solution by adopting one of Microsoft's open-source DTDL ontologies that has been built on widely accepted industry standards. If the ontologies contain all the models you need, you can take these model sets as they are and use them out-of-the-box. |[Adopting industry standard ontologies](concepts-ontologies-adopt.md)|
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| Extend | If an existing DTDL ontology has most, but not all, of the models you need in your solution, you can extend the ontology with your own additions to create a customized ontology. |[Adopting industry standard ontologies](concepts-ontologies-adopt.md)<br><br>[Extending ontologies](concepts-ontologies-extend.md)|
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| Convert | If you already have existing models represented in another standard industry format, you can convert them to DTDL to use them with Azure Digital Twins. |[Converting ontologies](concepts-ontologies-convert.md)|
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| Author | You can always develop your own custom DTDL ontologies from scratch, using any applicable industry standards as inspiration. |[DTDL models](concepts-models.md)|
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## Using existing ontologies
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Existing industry ontologies provide a great starting point for digital twin solutions. They encompass a set of domain-specific models and relationships between entities for designing, creating, and parsing a digital twin graph. Industry ontologies enable solution developers to begin a digital twin solution from a proven starting point, and focus on solving business problems. The industry ontologies provided by Microsoft are also designed to be easily extensible, so that you can customize them for your solution. Because models in Azure Digital Twins are represented in [Digital Twins Definition Language (DTDL)](https://github.com/Azure/opendigitaltwins-dtdl/blob/master/DTDL/v2/DTDL.v2.md), ontologies for use with Azure Digital Twins are written in DTDL.
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Using these ontologies in your solutions can also set them up for more seamless integration between different partners and vendors, because ontologies can provide a common vocabulary across solutions.
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* Easier data interoperability on a semantic level
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* Best practice reuse, rather than starting from scratch
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## Strategies for integrating ontologies
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Microsoft has created several open-source DTDL ontologies built on widely used industry standards. You can [adopt these ontologies](concepts-ontologies-adopt.md) out-of-the-box in your solutions, or [extend the ontologies](concepts-ontologies-extend.md) with your own additions to customize your solutions. Because models in Azure Digital Twins are represented in [Digital Twins Definition Language (DTDL)](https://github.com/Azure/opendigitaltwins-dtdl/blob/master/DTDL/v2/DTDL.v2.md), ontologies designed for Azure Digital Twins are also written in DTDL.
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Here are the main strategies for integrating existing industry-standard ontologies with DTDL for use in Azure Digital Twins. Choose the one that works best for you, depending on how closely the existing materials for your industry already match your solution.
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If you have a set of models for your industry that's represented in a different standard industry format, such as RDF or OWL, you can use it as a starting point and [convert the models to DTDL](concepts-ontologies-convert.md) in order to use them in Azure Digital Twins.
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| Strategy | Description | Resources |
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| --- | --- | --- |
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| Adopt | You can jump-start your solution by adopting one of Microsoft's open-source DTDL ontologies that has been built on widely accepted industry standards. If the ontologies contain all the models you need, you can take these model sets as they are and use them out-of-the-box. |[Adopting industry standard ontologies](concepts-ontologies-adopt.md)|
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| Extend | If an existing DTDL ontology has most, but not all, of the models you need in your solution, you can extend the ontology with your own additions to create a customized ontology. |[Adopting industry standard ontologies](concepts-ontologies-adopt.md)<br><br>[Extending ontologies](concepts-ontologies-extend.md)|
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| Convert | If you already have existing models represented in another standard industry format, you can convert them to DTDL to use them with Azure Digital Twins. |[Converting ontologies](concepts-ontologies-convert.md)|
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| Author | You can always develop your own custom DTDL ontologies from scratch, using any applicable industry standards as inspiration. |[DTDL models](concepts-models.md)|
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## Authoring your own ontologies
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If there's no existing industry ontology that meets your needs, you can always develop your own custom DTDL ontologies from scratch. These can be inspired by applicable industry standards, or any other information that's relevant to your business.
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### Full model development path
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For information about designing individual models, including all the fields they contain and how to author them in DTDL, see [DTDL models](concepts-models.md).
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No matter which strategy you choose for integrating an ontology into Azure Digital Twins, you can follow the complete path below to guide you through creating and uploading your ontology as DTDL models.
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## Full model development path
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1. Start by reviewing and understand [DTDL modeling in Azure Digital Twins](concepts-models.md).
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1. Continue with your chosen ontology integration strategy from above: [Adopt](concepts-ontologies-adopt.md), [Convert](concepts-ontologies-convert.md), or [Author](concepts-models.md) your models based on your ontology.
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1. If necessary, [extend](concepts-ontologies-extend.md) your ontology to customize it to your needs.
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No matter which strategy you choose for designing or integrating an ontology into Azure Digital Twins, you can follow the complete path below to guide you through creating and uploading your ontology as DTDL models.
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1. Start by reviewing and understanding [DTDL modeling in Azure Digital Twins](concepts-models.md).
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1. Proceed with your chosen ontology strategy: [adopt](concepts-ontologies-adopt.md), [convert](concepts-ontologies-convert.md), [extend](concepts-ontologies-extend.md), or [author](concepts-models.md) your models based on the needs of your solution and industry.
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1.[Validate](how-to-parse-models.md) your models to verify they're working DTDL documents.
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1. Upload your finished models to Azure Digital Twins, using the [APIs](how-to-manage-model.md#upload-models) or a sample like the [Azure Digital Twins model uploader](https://github.com/Azure/opendigitaltwins-tools/tree/master/ADTTools#uploadmodels).
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Reading this series of articles will guide you in how to use your models in your Azure Digital Twins instance.
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>[!TIP]
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> You can visualize the models in your ontology using the [model graph](how-to-use-azure-digital-twins-explorer.md#explore-models-and-the-model-graph) in Azure Digital Twins Explorer.
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Once your models have been uploaded to the service, you can...
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* Visualize the models in your ontology using the [model graph](how-to-use-azure-digital-twins-explorer.md#explore-models-and-the-model-graph) in Azure Digital Twins Explorer.
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* Manage them on an ongoing basis, including retrieving models in code, updating models, and deleting models, using the instructions in [Manage DTDL models](how-to-manage-model.md).
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* Use the models to create [digital twins and a twin graph](concepts-twins-graph.md).
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## Next steps
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Read more about the strategies of adopting, converting, and authoring ontologies:
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Read more about the strategies of adopting, extending, and converting existing ontologies:
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*[Adopting DTDL-based industry ontologies](concepts-ontologies-adopt.md)
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