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Grants dynamic privileges
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articles/mysql/flexible-server/concepts-limitations.md

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[!INCLUDE[applies-to-mysql-flexible-server](../includes/applies-to-mysql-flexible-server.md)]
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This article describes limitations in the Azure Database for MySQL - Flexible Server service. [General limitations](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-reslimits-excerpt/5.7/en/limits.html) in the MySQL database engine are also applicable. If you'd like to learn about resource limitations (compute, memory, storage), see the [compute and storage](concepts-service-tiers-storage.md article.
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This article describes limitations in the Azure Database for MySQL - Flexible Server service. [General limitations](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-reslimits-excerpt/5.7/en/limits.html) in the MySQL database engine are also applicable. If you'd like to learn about resource limitations (compute, memory, storage), see the [compute and storage](concepts-service-tiers-storage.md) article.
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## Server parameters
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The following are unsupported:
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- DBA role: Restricted. Alternatively, you can use the administrator user (created during the new server creation), which allows you to perform most of DDL and DML statements.
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- SUPER privilege: Similarly, [SUPER privilege](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/privileges-provided.html#priv_super) is restricted.
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- Restricted privileges: [SUPER privilege](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/privileges-provided.html#priv_super) and [FILE privilege](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/privileges-provided.html#priv_file) are restricted.
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- DEFINER: Requires super privileges to create and is restricted. If importing data using a backup, manually remove the `CREATE DEFINER` commands or use the `--skip-definer` command when performing a mysqldump.
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- System databases: The [mysql system database](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/system-schema.html) is read-only and used to support various PaaS functionalities. You can't make changes to the `mysql` system database.
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- `SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE`: Not supported in the service.
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- [BACKUP_ADMIN](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/privileges-provided.html#priv_backup-admin) privilege: Granting BACKUP_ADMIN privilege isn't supported for taking backups using any [utility tools](../migrate/how-to-decide-on-right-migration-tools.md).
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- [BACKUP_ADMIN](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/privileges-provided.html#priv_backup-admin) privilege: Granting BACKUP_ADMIN privilege isn't supported for taking backups using any [utility tools](../migrate/how-to-decide-on-right-migration-tools.md). Refer [Supported](././concepts-limitations.md#supported-1) section for list of supported [dynamic privileges](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/privileges-provided.html#privileges-provided-dynamic).
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### Supported
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- `LOAD DATA INFILE` is supported, but the `[LOCAL]` parameter must be specified and directed to a UNC path (Azure storage mounted through SMB). Additionally, if you're using MySQL client version >= 8.0, you need to include `-–local-infile=1` parameter in your connection string.
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- For version MySQL 8.0 and above, below mentioned [dynamic privileges](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/privileges-provided.html#privileges-provided-dynamic) are only supported.
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- [REPLICATION_APPLIER](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/privileges-provided.html#priv_replication-applier)
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- [ROLE_ADMIN](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/privileges-provided.html#priv_role-admin)
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- [SESSION_VARIABLES_ADMIN](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/privileges-provided.html#priv_session-variables-admin)
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- [SET_USER_ID](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/privileges-provided.html#priv_set-user-id)
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- [XA_RECOVER_ADMIN](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/privileges-provided.html#priv_xa-recover-admin)
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## Functional limitations
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