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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: articles/dns/dns-private-resolver-get-started-portal.md
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This quickstart walks you through the steps to create an Azure DNS Private Resolver (Public Preview) using the Azure portal. If you prefer, you can complete this quickstart using [Azure PowerShell](private-dns-getstarted-powershell.md).
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Azure DNS Private Resolver enables you to query Azure DNS private zones from an on-premises environment, and vice versa, without deploying VM based DNS servers. You no longer need to provision IaaS based solutions on your virtual networks to resolve names registered on Azure private DNS zones. You can configure conditional forwarding of domains back to on-premise, multi-cloud and public DNS servers. For more information, including benefits, capabilities, and regional availability, see [What is Azure DNS Private Resolver](dns-private-resolver-overview.md).
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Azure DNS Private Resolver enables you to query Azure DNS private zones from an on-premises environment, and vice versa, without deploying VM based DNS servers. You no longer need to provision IaaS based solutions on your virtual networks to resolve names registered on Azure private DNS zones. You can configure conditional forwarding of domains back to on-premises, multicloud and public DNS servers. For more information, including benefits, capabilities, and regional availability, see [What is Azure DNS Private Resolver](dns-private-resolver-overview.md).
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## Prerequisites
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You should now be able to send DNS traffic to your DNS resolver and resolve records based on your forwarding rulesets, including:
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- Azure DNS private zones linked to the virtual network where the resolver is deployed.
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Azure DNS Private Resolver provides the following benefits:
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* Fully managed: Built-in high availability, zone redundancy.
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* Cost reduction: Reduce operating costs and run at a fraction of the price of traditional IaaS solutions.
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* Private access to your Private DNS zones: Conditionally forward to and from on-premise.
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* Private access to your Private DNS zones: Conditionally forward to and from on-premises.
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* Scalability: High performance per endpoint.
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* DevOps Friendly: Build your pipelines with Terraform, ARM, or Bicep.
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### Inbound endpoints
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An inbound endpoint enables name resolution from on-premises or other private locations via an IP address that is part of your private virtual network address space. To resolve your Azure private DNS zone from on-premise, enter the IP address of the inbound endpoint into your on-premises DNS conditional forwarder. The on-premises DNS conditional forwarder must have a network connection to the virtual network.
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An inbound endpoint enables name resolution from on-premises or other private locations via an IP address that is part of your private virtual network address space. To resolve your Azure private DNS zone from on-premises, enter the IP address of the inbound endpoint into your on-premises DNS conditional forwarder. The on-premises DNS conditional forwarder must have a network connection to the virtual network.
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The inbound endpoint requires a subnet in the VNet where it’s provisioned. The subnet can only be delegated to **Microsoft.Network/dnsResolvers** and can't be used for other services. DNS queries received by the inbound endpoint will ingress to Azure. You can resolve names in scenarios where you have Private DNS zones, including VMs that are using auto registration, or Private Link enabled services.
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### Outbound endpoints
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An outbound endpoint enables conditional forwarding name resolution from Azure to on-premise, other cloud providers, or external DNS servers. This endpoint requires a dedicated subnet in the VNet where it’s provisioned, with no other service running in the subnet, and can only be delegated to **Microsoft.Network/dnsResolvers**. DNS queries sent to the outbound endpoint will egress from Azure.
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An outbound endpoint enables conditional forwarding name resolution from Azure to on-premises, other cloud providers, or external DNS servers. This endpoint requires a dedicated subnet in the VNet where it’s provisioned, with no other service running in the subnet, and can only be delegated to **Microsoft.Network/dnsResolvers**. DNS queries sent to the outbound endpoint will egress from Azure.
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## Virtual network links
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Subnets used for DNS resolver have the following limitations:
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- A subnet must be a minimum of /28 address space or a maximum of /24 address space.
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- A subnet can't be shared between multiple DNS resolver endpoints. A single subnet can only be used by a single DNS resolver endpoint.
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- All IP configurations for a DNS resolver inbound endpoint must reference the same subnet. Spanning multiple subnets in the IP configuration for a single DNS resolver inbound endpoint is not allowed.
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- All IP configurations for a DNS resolver inbound endpoint must reference the same subnet. Spanning multiple subnets in the IP configuration for a single DNS resolver inbound endpoint isn't allowed.
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- The subnet used for a DNS resolver inbound endpoint must be within the virtual network referenced by the parent DNS resolver.
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ms.topic: how-to
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ms.date: 08/18/2022
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ms.author: greglin
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# Customer intent: As an administrator, I want to resolve on-premises domains in Azure and resolve Azure private zones on-premise.
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# Customer intent: As an administrator, I want to resolve on-premises domains in Azure and resolve Azure private zones on-premises.
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---
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# Resolve Azure and on-premises domains
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## Azure DNS Private Resolver
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The [Azure DNS Private Resolver](dns-private-resolver-overview.md) is a service that can resolve on-premises DNS queries for Azure DNS private zones. Previously, it was necessary to [deploy a VM-based custom DNS resolver](/azure/hdinsight/connect-on-premise-network), or use non-Microsoft DNS, DHCP, and IPAM (DDI) solutions to perform this function.
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The [Azure DNS Private Resolver](dns-private-resolver-overview.md) is a service that can resolve on-premises DNS queries for Azure DNS private zones. Previously, it was necessary to [deploy a VM-based custom DNS resolver](/azure/hdinsight/connect-on-premises-network), or use non-Microsoft DNS, DHCP, and IPAM (DDI) solutions to perform this function.
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Benefits of using the Azure DNS Private Resolver service vs. VM-based resolvers or DDI solutions include:
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- Zero maintenance: Unlike VM or hardware based solutions, the private resolver doesn't require software updates, vulnerability scans, or security patching. The private resolver service is fully managed.
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-[Create an Azure DNS private zone](#create-an-azure-dns-private-zone)
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-[Create an Azure DNS Private Resolver](#create-an-azure-dns-private-resolver)
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-[Configure an Azure DNS forwarding ruleset](#configure-an-azure-dns-forwarding-ruleset)
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-[Configure on-premises DNS conditional forwarders](#configure-on-premise-dns-conditional-forwarders)
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-[Configure on-premises DNS conditional forwarders](#configure-on-premises-dns-conditional-forwarders)
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The procedure to configure on-premises DNS depends on the type of DNS server you're using. In the following example, a Windows DNS server at **10.100.0.2** is configured with a conditional forwarder for the private DNS zone **azure.contoso.com**. The conditional forwarder is set to forward queries to **10.10.0.4**, which is the inbound endpoint IP address for your Azure DNS Private Resolver. There's another IP address also configured here to enable DNS failover. For more information about enabling failover, see [Tutorial: Set up DNS failover using private resolvers](tutorial-dns-private-resolver-failover.md). For the purposes of this demonstration, only the **10.10.0.4** inbound endpoint is required.
Using a VM located in the virtual network where the Azure DNS Private Resolver is provisioned, issue a DNS query for a resource record in your on-premises domain. In this example, a query is performed for the record **testdns.contoso.com**:
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The path for the query is: Azure DNS > inbound endpoint > outbound endpoint > ruleset rule for contoso.com > on-premises DNS (10.100.0.2). The DNS server at 10.100.0.2 is an on-premises DNS resolver, but it could also be an authoritative DNS server.
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Using an on-premises VM or device, issue a DNS query for a resource record in your Azure private DNS zone. In this example, a query is performed for the record **test.azure.contoso.com**:
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The path for this query is: client's default DNS resolver (10.100.0.2) > on-premises conditional forwarder rule for azure.contoso.com > inbound endpoint (10.10.0.4)
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: articles/dns/tutorial-dns-private-resolver-failover.md
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The DNS resolution path is:
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1) Redundant on-premises DNS [conditional forwarders](#on-premise-forwarding) send DNS queries to inbound endpoints.
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2)[Inbound endpoints](#inbound-endpoints) receive DNS queries from on-premise.
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2)[Inbound endpoints](#inbound-endpoints) receive DNS queries from on-premises.
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3) Outbound endpoints and DNS forwarding rulesets process DNS queries and return replies to your on-premises resources.
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Outbound endpoints and DNS forwarding rulesets aren't needed for the failover scenario, but are included here for completeness. Rulesets can be used is to resolve on-premises domains from Azure. For more information, see [Azure DNS Private Resolver endpoints and rulesets](private-resolver-endpoints-rulesets.md) and [Resolve Azure and on-premises domains](private-resolver-hybrid-dns.md).
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