AKS doesn't automatically create a [service principal](kubernetes-service-principal.md), so you have to create one. Clusters that use a service principal eventually expire, and the service principal must be renewed to avoid impacting cluster authentication with the identity. Managing service principals adds complexity, so it's easier to use managed identities instead. The same permission requirements apply for both service principals and managed identities. Managed identities use certificate-based authentication. Each managed identity's credentials have an expiration of *90 days* and are rolled after *45 days*.
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